Supercritical Fluid Extraction Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons From Soil Matrices

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Supercritical Fluid Extraction Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons From Soil Matrices

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Author : Mark S. Ruppel
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995

Supercritical Fluid Extraction Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons From Soil Matrices written by Mark S. Ruppel and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons categories.

The Use Of Supercritical Fluid Extraction As A Sample Preparation Technique For Soils

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Author : LA. Dolata
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994

The Use Of Supercritical Fluid Extraction As A Sample Preparation Technique For Soils written by LA. Dolata and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Off-line collection categories.

Using off-line supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were extracted at different levels from various soil and sediment matrices. Based upon GC/MS measurements a number of SFE operational parameters including pressure, temperature and flow rate, were optimized to yield the highest efficiencies with the best precision.

Desorption Of Polychlorinated Biphenyls From Soil Matrices Using Supercritical Fluid Extraction

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Author : Stephen Michael Caswell
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998

Desorption Of Polychlorinated Biphenyls From Soil Matrices Using Supercritical Fluid Extraction written by Stephen Michael Caswell and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with categories.

Supercritical Fluid Extraction Sfe And High Performance Liquid Chromotography Hplc Analysis Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Pah Contaminated Soil

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Author : Marie Renee Gargas
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998

Supercritical Fluid Extraction Sfe And High Performance Liquid Chromotography Hplc Analysis Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Pah Contaminated Soil written by Marie Renee Gargas and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Electric filters categories.

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons From Contaminated Soil

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Author : Arthur T. Andrews
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons From Contaminated Soil written by Arthur T. Andrews and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons categories.

Supercritical Fluid Extraction

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Author : Jennifer Maria Wing
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991

Supercritical Fluid Extraction written by Jennifer Maria Wing and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with categories.

Systematic Approach To On Line Supercritical Fluid Extraction Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method Development

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Author : Alison Paige Wicker
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020

Systematic Approach To On Line Supercritical Fluid Extraction Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method Development written by Alison Paige Wicker and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Chromatographic analysis categories.

Coupling supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) on-line with supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) - tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) provides a platform for extraction, separation, and detection in a single analysis. Utilization of this technique simplifies sample preparation while limiting sample loss and/or contamination and significantly decreases total analysis time. SFE-SFC-MS/MS requires consideration of many extraction and chromatographic variables to not only provide the most efficient extraction, but to analytically transfer the extracted analytes to the column for separation. There is a fundamental lack of understanding of how the variables in SFE affect those in SFC. In the first study, on-line SFE-SFC-MS/MS was applied for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the first on-line SFE-SFC-MS/MS method for the quantification of PAHs in various types of soil. Parameters for on-line extraction coupled to chromatographic analysis were optimized. The method was validated for concentrations of 10-1500 ng of PAHs per gram of soil in Certified Reference Material (CRM) sediment, clay, and sand with R2≥0.99. Limits of detection (LOD) were found in the range of 0.001-5 ng/g, and limits of quantification (LOQ) in the range of 5-15 ng/g. The method developed in this study can be effectively applied to the study of PAHs in the environment, and lays the foundation for further applications of on-line SFE-SFC-MS. Typically, a univariate approach is taken in on-line SFE-SFC-MS/MS method development which provides little insight into how the variables work together. In the second study, a multivariate approach was used to develop a better understanding of the synergistic relationship between the extraction and separation processes by focusing on the optimization of extraction parameters for target analytes with a wide range of physicochemical properties in matrices of variable retentivity. Optimal extraction parameters were determined for 18 analytes in three variable sample types. Compromise in optimal extraction parameters must be made when simultaneously extracting and analyzing a significantly wide range of analytes. Detection of drugs of abuse (DoA) in hair; being a convenient and noninvasive technique for the determination of controlled substances, is important in forensics and toxicology. SFE-SFC-MS/MS being ideal for DoA determination in complex matrices, provides a highly specific and sensitive chemical analysis while limiting the need for extensive manual sample preparation. Supercritical fluid extraction of seventeen DoAs from human hair was performed on-line using carbon dioxide (CO2) with 5 mM ammonium formate in methanol. Optimal conditions for simultaneously extracting 17 drugs of abuse were predicted using models developed by response surface methodology. Multivariate analysis was used to optimize extraction parameters, including time (static and dynamic), modifier concentration, flow rate and extraction pressure. It was determined that a compromise between flow rate and concentration was required. Optimal extraction occurred using 15% modifier at 5.00 mL/min for an 8 minute static extraction followed by 15 minutes of dynamic flow at 2 % modifier with a 30 °C extraction vessel temperature and dual backpressures of 10.0 MPa. Significant performance differences were observed between the extraction of standard analytes spiked onto blank hair samples and extraction of a known drug user's hair where the analytes of interest were incorporated into hair growth. The known drug user's hair required multiple extractions to liberate the illicit substance from the complex hair matrix. The amount of analyte extracted during a third round of extractions was observed at double the amount extracted in the first extraction. In samples with spiked on analytes, the amount of extracted analyte decreased with each consecutive extraction. More work is needed to address the matrix effects of drugs incorporated into hair. Most methods developed for hair analysis rely upon spiked samples; however, it appears that a spiked sample versus an incorporated sample may not be comparable. Determining a better method for incorporating standards into hair will provide the basis for an improved extraction and quantification.

Characteristics And Performance Of Supercritical Fluid Extraction Sfe In The Analysis Of Petroleum Hydrocarbons In Soils And Sludges

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Author : Steven B. Hawthorne
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995

Characteristics And Performance Of Supercritical Fluid Extraction Sfe In The Analysis Of Petroleum Hydrocarbons In Soils And Sludges written by Steven B. Hawthorne and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Supercritical fluid chromatography categories.

Analytical Supercritical Fluid Extraction

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Author : Maria D. Luque de Castro
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Analytical Supercritical Fluid Extraction written by Maria D. Luque de Castro and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.

Recent advances in analytical chemistry have turned it into a virtually unrecognizable science compared to a few decades ago, when it lagged behind other sciences and techniques. However, advances in analytical science have been far from universal: while innovations in instrumentation and data acquisition and processing systems have reached unprecedented levels thanks to parallel breakthroughs in computer science and chemo metrics, progress in preliminary operations has been much slower despite their importance to analytical results. Thus, such clear trends in analytical process development as automation and miniaturization have not reached preliminary operations to the same extent, even though this area is pro bably in the greatest need. Improvement in preliminary operations is thus an urgent goal of analytical chemistry on the verge of the twenty first century. Increased R&D endeavours and manufacture of commercially available automatic equipment for implementation of the wide variety of operations that separate the uncollected, unmeasured, untreated sample from the signal measuring step are thus crucial on account of the wide variability of such operations, which precludes development of all-purpose equipment, and the complexity of some, particularly relating to solid samples. Supercritical fluid extraction opens up interesting prospects in this context and is no doubt an effective approach to automatioI1 and mini aturization in the preliminary steps of the analytical process. The dramatic developments achieved in its short life are atypical in many respects.

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons From Sediments

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Author : Hing-Biu Lee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons From Sediments written by Hing-Biu Lee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons categories.