Supercritical Fluid Extraction Sfe And High Performance Liquid Chromotography Hplc Analysis Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Pah Contaminated Soil
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Supercritical Fluid Extraction Sfe And High Performance Liquid Chromotography Hplc Analysis Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Pah Contaminated Soil
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Author : Marie Renee Gargas
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Supercritical Fluid Extraction Sfe And High Performance Liquid Chromotography Hplc Analysis Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Pah Contaminated Soil written by Marie Renee Gargas and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Electric filters categories.
Handbook Of Chromatography
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Author : Hamir S. Rathore
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1993-05-27
Handbook Of Chromatography written by Hamir S. Rathore and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993-05-27 with Science categories.
Handbook of Chromatography provides a detailed description of significant aspects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The sources, occurrence, nomenclature, and carcinogenicity of PAHs are covered, and a comprehensive record of data of sample preparation, detection, separation, determination, and characterization of PAHs by liquid chromatography is presented. The book also summarizes extraction and enrichment procedures (e.g., Soxhlet extraction, ultrasonic extraction, liquid-liquid partitioning); presents data from paper chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, high-performance thin-layer chromatography, and electrophoresis of PAHs; and discusses the methodology and applications of extrography in analyzing complex aromatic materials. Handbook of Chromatography also provides a PAHs book directory and a list of suppliers of PAHs and HPLC columns. The volume will be an essential reference for analytical chemists, environmental toxicologists, organic chemists, biomedical specialists, and biotechnicians.
Analytical Supercritical Fluid Extraction Techniques
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Author : E.D. Ramsey
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Analytical Supercritical Fluid Extraction Techniques written by E.D. Ramsey and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
During the past decade supercritical fluid extration (SFE) has attracted considerable attention as a sample preparation procedure in analytical chemistry. The successful implementation of this technique can lead to improved sample throughput, more efficient recovery of analytes, cleaner extracts, economic replacement of halogenated solvents and a high level of automation, compared to conventional sample preparation procedures. This book provides an overview of basic principles of SFE as well as in-depth reviews of both on- and off-line SFE methods. The on-line coupling of SFE with both chromatographic and spectroscopics techniques has been the subject of a great deal of research effort and is dealt with in detail. Newer developments, such as off-line SFE of solid and liquid matrices, are starting to attract a great deal of interest, and the coverage of these areas will prove of particular value to the analytical chemist. The international team of authors has illustrated these topics with many `state-of-the-art' applications, and each chapter provides a comprehensive list of references. For the convenience of the reader, an appendix which contains pressure conversion scales and supercritical fluid carbon dioxide density tables appears at the end of the book. The volume's extensive coverage of both on-line and off-line extraction will be particularly useful to analytical chemists, in a wide range of environments, seeking to develop high quality, simple and robust SFE methods.
Water Quality Determination Of 15 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Pah In Water By Hplc With Fluorescence Detection After Liquid Liquid Extraction
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Author : British Standards Institute Staff
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002-09-17
Water Quality Determination Of 15 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Pah In Water By Hplc With Fluorescence Detection After Liquid Liquid Extraction written by British Standards Institute Staff and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-09-17 with High performance liquid chromatography categories.
Water, Quality, Water testing, Chemical analysis and testing, Determination of content, Aromatic hydrocarbons, Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, Liquid chromatography, Extraction methods of analysis, Fluorescence, Potable water, Ground water
Supercritical Fluid Chromatography And Micro Hplc
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Author : M. Yoshioka
language : en
Publisher: VSP
Release Date : 1989
Supercritical Fluid Chromatography And Micro Hplc written by M. Yoshioka and has been published by VSP this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Science categories.
First published in 1988. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Supercritical Fluid Extraction And Its Use In Chromatographic Sample Preparation
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Author : S.A. Westwood
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Supercritical Fluid Extraction And Its Use In Chromatographic Sample Preparation written by S.A. Westwood and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
by Professor D. E. Games, Mass Spectrometry Research Unit, University College of Swansea Sample preparation can be viewed as occupying a Cinderella role in analytical science. However, the quality of sample preparation plays a key role in high In the past decade, there has been quality analysis and deserves higher stature. considerable interest in the use of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) as an alternative to conventional procedures for the preparation of samples for ana lysis. The driving force for this development is the need for automated, sim pler, faster, non-destructive and selective methods for extraction, preferably using non-toxic extraction media which are easily disposed of. Utilization of supercritical fluids for extraction fulfils these requirements because of their unique physical chemical properties and usually low toxicity. Selectivity can be achieved by suitable selection of pressure (density), temperature and modi fier conditions which enable solvating power to be varied. The high diffusivity of supercritical fluids provides rapid sample penetration and extraction. Use of fluids with low critical temperatures enables extraction to be conducted under mild thermal conditions ensuring that thermally labile compounds do not decompose. The technique can be used off-line, and the extracts analysed by appropriate techniques, or it can be used on-line, by coupling with a variety of chromatographic techniques. These can then, if necessary, be coupled fur ther with spectroscopic techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared, ultra violet or mass spectrometry, to provide specific identification or structural information.
Supercritical Fluid Extraction Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons From Soil Matrices
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Author : Mark S. Ruppel
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Supercritical Fluid Extraction Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons From Soil Matrices written by Mark S. Ruppel and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons categories.
Analysis With Supercritical Fluids Extraction And Chromatography
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Author : Bernd Wenclawiak
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Analysis With Supercritical Fluids Extraction And Chromatography written by Bernd Wenclawiak and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
The use of supercritical fluids in analytical chemistry is still grow ing. More and more analysts are discovering the favorable advan tages for a number of applications. Especially supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) has attracted a lot of interest in recent years due to its simplicity. Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) has become better established and the development of this technique has been accelerated by the many applications with capillary col umns which have been published in the literature. At first SFC equipment was based on instruments commonly used for liquid chromatography, and the first commercial in struments were derived from this technology. However, capillary columns can be much more easily interfaced to gas chromatogra phy equipment especially to the detectors commonly used for Oc. Many stationary phases both for packed micro columns and capillary columns have been designed for SFC purposes extending this technology to LC and OC. The most common fluid applied in SFC and SFE is carbon dioxide. The advantages of supercritical CO , such as having dif 2 fusivity like a gas and solvating power depending on temperature and pressure, are also valid for other fluids and modified fluids. Both properties are valuable for sample extraction and extraction selectivity.
Supercritical Fluid Extraction
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Author : Jennifer Maria Wing
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Supercritical Fluid Extraction written by Jennifer Maria Wing and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with categories.
Systematic Approach To On Line Supercritical Fluid Extraction Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method Development
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Author : Alison Paige Wicker
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Systematic Approach To On Line Supercritical Fluid Extraction Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method Development written by Alison Paige Wicker and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Chromatographic analysis categories.
Coupling supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) on-line with supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) - tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) provides a platform for extraction, separation, and detection in a single analysis. Utilization of this technique simplifies sample preparation while limiting sample loss and/or contamination and significantly decreases total analysis time. SFE-SFC-MS/MS requires consideration of many extraction and chromatographic variables to not only provide the most efficient extraction, but to analytically transfer the extracted analytes to the column for separation. There is a fundamental lack of understanding of how the variables in SFE affect those in SFC. In the first study, on-line SFE-SFC-MS/MS was applied for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the first on-line SFE-SFC-MS/MS method for the quantification of PAHs in various types of soil. Parameters for on-line extraction coupled to chromatographic analysis were optimized. The method was validated for concentrations of 10-1500 ng of PAHs per gram of soil in Certified Reference Material (CRM) sediment, clay, and sand with R2≥0.99. Limits of detection (LOD) were found in the range of 0.001-5 ng/g, and limits of quantification (LOQ) in the range of 5-15 ng/g. The method developed in this study can be effectively applied to the study of PAHs in the environment, and lays the foundation for further applications of on-line SFE-SFC-MS. Typically, a univariate approach is taken in on-line SFE-SFC-MS/MS method development which provides little insight into how the variables work together. In the second study, a multivariate approach was used to develop a better understanding of the synergistic relationship between the extraction and separation processes by focusing on the optimization of extraction parameters for target analytes with a wide range of physicochemical properties in matrices of variable retentivity. Optimal extraction parameters were determined for 18 analytes in three variable sample types. Compromise in optimal extraction parameters must be made when simultaneously extracting and analyzing a significantly wide range of analytes. Detection of drugs of abuse (DoA) in hair; being a convenient and noninvasive technique for the determination of controlled substances, is important in forensics and toxicology. SFE-SFC-MS/MS being ideal for DoA determination in complex matrices, provides a highly specific and sensitive chemical analysis while limiting the need for extensive manual sample preparation. Supercritical fluid extraction of seventeen DoAs from human hair was performed on-line using carbon dioxide (CO2) with 5 mM ammonium formate in methanol. Optimal conditions for simultaneously extracting 17 drugs of abuse were predicted using models developed by response surface methodology. Multivariate analysis was used to optimize extraction parameters, including time (static and dynamic), modifier concentration, flow rate and extraction pressure. It was determined that a compromise between flow rate and concentration was required. Optimal extraction occurred using 15% modifier at 5.00 mL/min for an 8 minute static extraction followed by 15 minutes of dynamic flow at 2 % modifier with a 30 °C extraction vessel temperature and dual backpressures of 10.0 MPa. Significant performance differences were observed between the extraction of standard analytes spiked onto blank hair samples and extraction of a known drug user's hair where the analytes of interest were incorporated into hair growth. The known drug user's hair required multiple extractions to liberate the illicit substance from the complex hair matrix. The amount of analyte extracted during a third round of extractions was observed at double the amount extracted in the first extraction. In samples with spiked on analytes, the amount of extracted analyte decreased with each consecutive extraction. More work is needed to address the matrix effects of drugs incorporated into hair. Most methods developed for hair analysis rely upon spiked samples; however, it appears that a spiked sample versus an incorporated sample may not be comparable. Determining a better method for incorporating standards into hair will provide the basis for an improved extraction and quantification.