Surface Modifications For Enhanced Immobilization Of Biomolecules
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Surface Modifications For Enhanced Immobilization Of Biomolecules
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Author : Yunling Bai
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Surface Modifications For Enhanced Immobilization Of Biomolecules written by Yunling Bai and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Biochips categories.
Abstract: The goal of this study is to investigate the application of immobilization technology in various systems: immobilized cell/enzyme bioreactors, affinity chromatography, and BioMEM surface modification. These systems were investigated to solve a particular problem. A novel method for the co-immobilization of whole cells and LDH enzyme on cotton cloth was developed using poly (ethyleneimine) (PEI), which induced the formation of PEI-enzyme-cell aggregates and their adsorption onto cotton cloth, leading to multilayer co-immobilization of cells and enzyme with a high loading amount (0.5 g cell and 8 mg LDH per gram of cotton cloth) and activity yield (>95%). A fibrous bed bioreactor with cells and enzyme co-immobilized on the cotton cloth was then evaluated for R-HPBA production in fed-batch and repeated batch modes, which gave relatively stable reactor productivity. A novel surface treatment method using poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI), an amine-bearing polymer, was developed to enhance antibody binding on the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microfluidic immunoassay device. By treating the PMMA surface of the microchannel on the microfluidic device with PEI, 10 times more active antibodies can be bound to the microchannel surface as compared to those without treatment or treated with the small amine-bearing molecule, hexamethylene diamine (HMD). Consequently, PEI surface modification greatly improved the immunoassay performance of the microfluidic device, making it more sensitive and reliable in the detection of IgG. The surface modification method was further simplified and optimized to enhance polymer-based microchannel ELISA for E. coli O157:H7 detection. By applying an amine-bearing polymer, poly (ethyleneimine) (PEI), onto a poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) surface at pH higher than 11, PEI molecules were covalently attached and their amine groups were introduced to the PMMA surface. Zeta potential analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) demonstrated that the alkaline condition is preferable for PEI attachment onto the PMMA surface. Compared to untreated PMMA microchannels, ~45 times higher signal and 3 times higher signal/noise ratio were achieved with the PEI surface treatment, which also shortened the time required for cells to bind to the microchannel surface to ~2 minutes, much less than that usually required for the same ELISA carried out in 96-well plates.
Surface Chemical Modification For The Immobilization Of Biomolecules
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Author : Taewoon Cha
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Surface Chemical Modification For The Immobilization Of Biomolecules written by Taewoon Cha and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.
Polymer Surface Modification To Enhance Adhesion
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Author : K. L. Mittal
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2024-04-02
Polymer Surface Modification To Enhance Adhesion written by K. L. Mittal and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-04-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
POLYMER SURFACE MODIFICATION TO ENHANCE ADHESION This unique, comprehensive and groundbreaking book is the first on this important subject. Polymer Surface Modification to Enhance Adhesion comprises 13 chapters and is divided into two parts: Part 1: Energetic Treatments; and Part 2: Chemical Treatments. Topics covered include atmospheric pressure plasma treatment of polymers to enhance adhesion; corona treatment of polymer surfaces to enhance adhesion; flame surface treatment of polymers to enhance adhesion; vacuum UV photo-oxidation of polymer surfaces to enhance adhesion; optimization of adhesion of polymers using photochemical surface modification UV/Ozone surface treatment of polymers to enhance adhesion; adhesion enhancement of polymer surfaces by ion beam treatment; polymer surface modification by charged particles; laser surface modification of polymeric materials; competition in adhesion between polysort and monosort functionalized polyolefinic surfaces; amine-terminated dendritic materials for polymer surface modification; arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) modification of polymer surfaces; and adhesion promoters for polymer surfaces. Audience The book will be of great interest to polymer scientists, surface scientists, adhesionists, materials scientists, plastics engineers, and to those involved in adhesive bonding, packaging, printing, painting, metallization, biological adhesion, biomedical devices, and polymer composites.
Engineering Substrates To Enhance Cell Material Interactions And Nonviral Gene Delivery
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Author : Tadas Kasputis
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Engineering Substrates To Enhance Cell Material Interactions And Nonviral Gene Delivery written by Tadas Kasputis and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Understanding the relationship between material surface properties and cellular responses to these properties is essential to designing biomaterial surfaces that are biocompatible, capable of promoting cell adhesion, spreading, and proliferation, and enhancing the delivery of therapeutics, such as DNA, for gene delivery and tissue engineering applications. Chemical and physical techniques to fabricate uniform or non- uniform surface modifications presenting distinct chemical functional groups or nanotopographies are effective strategies to enhance biomolecule immobilization and cell-material interactions. In this dissertation, both chemical and physical surface modifications were investigated for their potential to influence biomolecule adsorption and cell-material interactions. Alkanethiol self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) were used to provide surfaces with highly defined surface chemistries to evaluate the influence of substrate characteristics, such as substrate hydrophobicity and charge, on cell-material interactions, such as cell adhesion, spreading, viability, and proliferation in the context of enhancing nonviral gene delivery. Alkanethiol SAMs were also used to provide chemically defined surfaces to study the immobilization of electrostatically complexed DNA to substrates for substrate-mediated gene delivery applications. In addition to chemical surface modifications, sculptured thin films (STFs), which provide uniform columnar nanotopographies, were used to examine the effects of physical modifications of surface nanotopography on cell-material interactions (adhesion, spreading, proliferation) and for their ability to load biomolecules, such as proteins and polymers. Additionally, a combinatorial generalized ellipsometry and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation analytical technique was extensively used to examine the immobilization and loading of polymers, DNA, and proteins to both flat and three-dimensional nanostructured surfaces. The investigations presented in this dissertation reveal both chemical and physical surface characteristics that are conducive to promoting cell- material interactions, demonstrate the ability of biomolecule loading within nanostructured thin films, and develop new substrates for enhancing cell-material interactions with the potential to deliver therapeutic biomolecules for biomaterial, tissue engineering, and nonviral gene delivery applications.
Immobilized Biomolecules In Analysis
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Author : Tony Cass
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 1999-01-28
Immobilized Biomolecules In Analysis written by Tony Cass and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-01-28 with Science categories.
Biomolecules and cells are critical components of biosensors and biomaterials, but in order to function in an artificial environment, they must be immobilized in a manner that does not affect their interaction with target analytes. Biosensors demonstrate that we can harness the incredible functions of living molecules and cells for our own purposes and are therefore at the forefront of technology. Moreover the applications of immobilized biomolecules and cells are expected to expand far beyond biosensor applications and indeed are already used for pharmaceutical production and testing. Biomaterials will become increasing common as they are being developed into toxic filters, artificial organs, and even silicon chips. This book provides a selection of methods for the immobilization of biomolecules and cells on a variety of surface with different geometries and chemistries so that they retain their function and guidelines on which method to use. Also included are the analytical techniques to measure the functionality of immobilized biomolecules. All the protocols have been tried and validated by the authors. Immobilized Biomolecules in Analysis: A Practical Approach is an invaluable guide to all researchers in the fields of biosensors and biomaterials. Research in biosensors is carried out in a wide variety of fields including biochemistry, chemistry, engineering, laboratory medicine, environmental and defence research. The protocols are written so that an extensive prior knowledge of biochemistry is not required to use them.
Development Of Methods For Directed And Structured Immobilization Of Biomolecules
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Author : Björn Waterkotte
language : en
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
Release Date : 2013-11-07
Development Of Methods For Directed And Structured Immobilization Of Biomolecules written by Björn Waterkotte and has been published by Cuvillier Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-07 with Science categories.
Surface immobilized molecules play a crucial role in applied as well as in basic research. They can be found in DNA or protein-array as well as in cell-migration or biochemical interaction experiments. Especially for proteins the immobilization can critically affect molecule accessibility and activity. In this work two essential aspects of protein immobilization were investigated: the identification of suitable surface functionalization by two array approaches and the generation of laterally structured gray scale protein patterns by projection lithography. In proof-of-concept experiments a new strategy to create an array of different, neighboring functionalizations on the same surface was successfully tested. In "mechanical protection" inert plungers were applied to protect distinct surface areas from the surface functionalization reagents and allowed a selective modification of individual regions in serial reactions. In a particle based alternative approach a high spot density surface array was fabricated using functionalized, polyvinyl acetate, melamine and silicon oxide-based particles. The in situ encoded bead-based array (IEBA) allowed the study of immobilization conditions and the effect of protein adhesion. For the reliable and fast analysis of array-images with several thousand individual particles a custom open-source evaluation software was developed. To create protein patterns a custom-built projection lithography device was utilized to generate high definition protein patterns. Patterning conditions were optimized with respect to deposition speed and signal to noise ratio while retaining a biocompatible process flow. The established technology provides protein patterns with great control over the deposited surface density, patterns were transferred within seconds to minutes to functionalized glass slides. To obtain three-dimensional, surface-functionalized surfaces this approach was transferred to thin polymer films. The substrates were demonstrated to be biocompatible with mouse fibroblasts. These surfaces allow a novel level of control addressing both the chemical surrounding and the shape of a cell microenvironment.
Investigation Of The Interactions Between Biomolecules And Mesoporous Inorganic Materials In Biomolecule Immobilization For Bioseparation And Biocatalysis
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Author : Jungseung Kim
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Investigation Of The Interactions Between Biomolecules And Mesoporous Inorganic Materials In Biomolecule Immobilization For Bioseparation And Biocatalysis written by Jungseung Kim and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
The interactions between biomolecules and solid surfaces are complex phenomena. Understanding the nature of these interactions can allow engineering highly efficient systems for bioseparation and biocatalysis. However, there is still a lack of understanding of these fundamental interactions due to the complexity and fragility of biomolecules, especially proteins. The overall goal in this research is to improve the current understanding of these interactions as functions of the properties of mobile phases and stationary phases by investigating adsorption isotherms, adsorption thermodynamics, and biocatalytic activity of immobilized proteins. Mesoporous silica and alumina were used as stationary phases (adsorbents). In particular, mesostructured cellular foam (MCF) silica, which has an open 3-dimensional pore structure with superior physical properties, was used to immobilize biomolecules. The surface chemistry of the synthesized MCF silica was engineered to control the immobilization of biomolecules by grafting functional groups, including charge-terminated (amine-terminated, mecapto-terminated) and hydrophobic-terminated groups (methyl-terminated) groups, to the surface. The interactions between biomolecules and prepared adsorbents were also investigated using flow microcalorimetry (FMC) to reveal the adsorption mechanisms during the immobilization of biomolecules at different levels of pH and ionic strength and several functionalized solid surfaces. Adsorption thermodynamics and mechanism can be modulated by changing ionic strength by adding a neutral salt (sodium sulfate) and by changing the pH. Biomolecule adsorption is a complex phenomenon, exhibiting multiple heat events. However, similar thermograms were observed for the interactions between protein and MCF silicas in most cases. Also, the driving force for protein adsorption was investigated by using semi-empirical analysis. Adsorption energetics were affected significantly by surface modification. Also, the FMC data along with batch adsorption isotherm revealed that aminopropyl-grafted MCF silica has the property of ion-exchanger. The energetics of different biomolecules (tryptophan, lysozyme, and bovine serum albumin) was investigated in different pH. The number of distinct exothermic peaks corresponded to the number of binding sites of biomolecules. And the magnitude of net heat of adsorption was increased according to increasing molecular weight at pH 5.2. However, the energetics of bovine serum albumin was significantly changed from pH 5.2 to pH4. It is attributed to the conformational change of protein as the function of pH. The biocatalytic activity of immobilized enzyme (lipase from Pseudomonas fluorescens) was investigated on different functionalized MCF silicas to understand the effect of surface modification. The amine-terminated long functional group showed the most positive effect to increase the catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) of immobilized enzyme due to the orientation change and the mixed interactions (charged interactions and hydrophobic) interactions. The biocatalytic activity of immobilized enzyme (lipase from Pseudomonas cepacia) was further extended by using functionalized aluminas as enzyme supporting materials. The measurement of the biocatalytic activity of immobilized enzymes showed that the effect of surface modification has important roles for the activation of immobilized enzyme activity and the optimal enzyme supporting material need to be selected. This study provides insights into the natures and mechanisms of biomolecule immobilization on mesoporous silica to design highly efficient systems for biomolecule immobilization for bioseparation and immobilized enzyme technology for biocatalysis.
Surface Modified Nanobiomaterials For Electrochemical And Biomedicine Applications
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Author : Alain R. Puente-Santiago
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-07-27
Surface Modified Nanobiomaterials For Electrochemical And Biomedicine Applications written by Alain R. Puente-Santiago and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-27 with Science categories.
The series Topics in Current Chemistry Collections presents critical reviews from the journal Topics in Current Chemistry organized in topical volumes. The scope of coverage is all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science. The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific audience. Each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years are presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. The coverage is not intended to be an exhaustive summary of the field or include large quantities of data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the methodological thinking that will allow the non-specialist reader to understand the information presented. Contributions also offer an outlook on potential future developments in the field.
Polymer Surface Modification For Bioengineering Applications
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Author : Qian Cheng
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Polymer Surface Modification For Bioengineering Applications written by Qian Cheng and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Polymers are widely used in bioengineering for a wide range of applications, including substrates for in vitro cell culture and scaffolds for in vivo tissue engineering. Because polymer surfaces are usually non-polar and exhibit low biocompatibility, surface chemical modification must be used to enhance biocompatibility. In this study, biopolymer surfaces were modified by various plasma treatments and the resulting surface properties were characterized in detail by various microanalysis techniques. Although surface chemistry modification of biopolymers is important, modification of the near-surface structure of biopolymers is also critical because it affects cell attachment, proliferation, and infiltration, which is of paramount importance in the fabrication of scaffolds for tissue engineering. Plasma polymerized fluorocarbon (FC) films grafted onto Ar plasma-treated low-density polyethylene surfaces were shown to increase the surface shear strength while maintaining low friction. These surface characteristics illustrate the potential of FC films as coating materials of bioinstruments, such as catheters used for the treatment of diseased arteries where blood flow is restricted by plaque deposits onto the inner wall of the vessel. In addition to FC film grafting, plasma polymerization with diethylene glycol dimethyl ether monomer was used to graft non-fouling polyethylene glycol (PEG)-like films on various substrates to prevent both protein adsorption and cell attachment, which is of great importance to the fabrication of non-clotting artificial grafts for bypass surgery. Non-fouling PEG-like films were used to chemically pattern substrate surfaces for single-cell culture. Polystyrene culture dishes coated with a PEG-like film were chemically patterned using a silicon shadow mask or a poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) membrane mask, fabricated by standard lithography methods, to locally remove the PEG film by Ar plasma etching through the mask windows. Another surface chemical patterning method for long-term single-cell culture was accomplished with polystyrene and parylene C surfaces by taking advantage of the change in surface hydrophilicity induced by plasma treatment. These surface chemical patterning methods were used to regulate the shape and size of smooth muscle cells (SMCs). A strong effect of the shape and size of SMCs on proliferation rate was observed, which was correlated to changes in nuclei shape and volume of the SMCs. In contrast to solid polymers, plasma surface treatment of fibrous polymer materials to improve biocompatibility has received relatively less attention. Thus, another objective of this dissertation was to explore how plasma surface modification with inert (e.g., Ar) and reactive (e.g., NH3) gas plasmas can be used to enhance cell attachment, growth and infiltration into fibrous polymer scaffolds. Poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) microfibrous scaffolds synthesized by electrospinning were plasma treated with Ar and NH3 gases to improve cell affinity and incorporate functional groups for biomolecule immobilization. Both Ar and NH3 plasma treatments were shown to improve the cell attachment and growth onto the fabricated microfibrous scaffolds, while surface functional groups produced by NH3 plasma treatment were also effective in immobilizing biomolecules. In addition to the surface chemistry, the structure of biopolymer materials also impacts the effectiveness of tissue engineering scaffolds. Using microfabrication technology to produce a patterned PDMS template for electrospinning, patterned PLLA microfibrous scaffolds with different structures were fabricated and their potential for tissue engineering was demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo cell culture experiments. The results of this thesis indicate that surface chemistry and structure modification of biopolymers by combining plasma treatment with microfabrication/micropatterning techniques is an effective method of engineering surfaces for single-cell culture and scaffold materials with tailored two- and three-dimensional structures that enhance cell growth and infiltration. The findings of this work have direct application in the development of patterned surfaces for controlled single-cell attachment, which is of particular value to studies of individual cell behavior, and scaffolds for tissue engineering and repair.
Immobilization Strategies
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Author : Anuj Tripathi
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-10-28
Immobilization Strategies written by Anuj Tripathi and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-28 with Medical categories.
This book delves into the field of immobilizing biologically active and non-active molecules. It discusses the designing strategy of immobilization and the current state-of-the-art applications for advancing biomedical, agricultural, environmental and industrial practices. It focuses on aspects ranging from fundamental principles to current technological advances at multi-scale levels (macro, micro, and nano) which are suitable for cell, enzyme, and nano-catalyst based applications. Written by experts from across the globe, the contents deal with illustrated examples of molecular and cellular interactions with materials/scaffolds and discussions on factors that can affect the functionality and yield of the process. With its discussions on material science, design of delivery vehicles, separation science, additive manufacturing, agriculture and environmental science, this book will be a useful reference for researchers across multiple disciplines.