Susceptibility Effects In Ultra High Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging Of The Human Brain
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Susceptibility Effects In Ultra High Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging Of The Human Brain
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Author : Trong-Kha Truong
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Susceptibility Effects In Ultra High Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging Of The Human Brain written by Trong-Kha Truong and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Brain categories.
Abstract: In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), susceptibility differences between deoxygenated blood or iron and surrounding tissue induce mesoscopic static magnetic field (B0) inhomogeneities that provide a valuable contrast mechanism for imaging of the vasculature, functional MRI, and assessment of iron content. On the other hand, susceptibility differences at air/tissue interfaces induce macroscopic B0 inhomogeneities resulting in image artifacts. Ultra-high field (greater than or equal to 7 tesla) MRI benefits from an enhanced susceptibility contrast, but also suffers from more severe susceptibility artifacts. The development of methods to reduce such artifacts while maintaining susceptibility contrast is the objective of this research. Development of susceptibility artifact correction methods requires knowledge of the macroscopic susceptibility effects, which can be quantified by mapping B0, whereas optimization of methods sensitive to susceptibility contrast requires understanding of the mesoscopic susceptibility effects, which can be characterized by relaxation time measurements. We first developed various methods for B0 numerical simulations and experimental mapping. Our simulations showed that air/tissue interfaces at the shoulders induce substantial B0 inhomogeneities in the brain, and that tilting the head backwards can significantly reduce some of these inhomogeneities. We used the B0 simulations and experimental mapping as well as radiofrequency magnetic field (B1) mapping to correlate the B0 and B1 inhomogeneity with the artifacts observed on images of the human brain acquired at 8 T. We then evaluated different susceptibility artifact correction methods at ultra-high field strength using B0 maps, including passive shimming, post-processing, and gradient compensation, and found the latter to be the most effective. Finally, we developed various methods for T2 and T2* relaxation time measurements at ultra-high field strength that are faster and less sensitive to B0 and/or B1 inhomogeneity than existing methods, and demonstrated these advantages in phantom and human studies. New findings obtained in this work will be used to improve ultra-high field MRI of the human brain, particularly for imaging of the venous microvasculature and assessment of iron content.
Ultra High Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Author : Pierre-Marie Robitaille
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-12-31
Ultra High Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Pierre-Marie Robitaille and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-12-31 with Medical categories.
The foundation for understanding the function and dynamics of biological systems is not only knowledge of their structure, but the new methodologies and applications used to determine that structure. This volume in Biological Magnetic Resonance emphasizes the methods that involve Ultra High Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging. It will interest researchers working in the field of imaging.
Biological Magnetic Resonance
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Author : Lawrence Berliner
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
Biological Magnetic Resonance written by Lawrence Berliner and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Science categories.
Biological magnetic resonance (NMR and EPR) is a rapidly expanding area of research with much activity in most universities and research institutions. International conferences are held biennially with an increasing number of participants. With the introduction of sophisticated and continuously im proving instrumentation, biological magnetic resonance is approaching the state of a common physical method in biochemical, biomedical, and bio logical research. The lack of monograpbs on the subject had been con spicuous for a long time. This gap started to close only recently. However, because of the rapid expansion and intensive research, many texts are dated by the time of their appearance. Therefore we have undertaken the editing of a series that is intended to provide the practicing chemist, biochemist, or biologist with the advances and progress in selected contemporary topics. In seeking to make the series as authoritative as possible, we have invited authors who have not only made significant contributions but who are also currently active in their fields. We hope that their expertise as well as their first hand experience as reflected in the chapters of this volume will be of benefit to the reader, inter alia, in planning his own experiments and in critically evaluating the current literature.
Electromagnetics In Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Author : Christopher M. Collins
language : en
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Release Date : 2016-03-01
Electromagnetics In Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Christopher M. Collins and has been published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-01 with Medical categories.
In the past few decades, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has become an indispensable tool in modern medicine, with MRI systems now available at every major hospital in the developed world. But for all its utility and prevalence, it is much less commonly understood and less readily explained than other common medical imaging techniques. Unlike optical, ultrasonic, X-ray (including CT), and nuclear medicine-based imaging, MRI does not rely primarily on simple transmission and/or reflection of energy, and the highest achievable resolution in MRI is orders of magnitude smaller that the smallest wavelength involved. In this book, MRI will be explained with emphasis on the magnetic fields required, their generation, their concomitant electric fields, the various interactions of all these fields with the subject being imaged, and the implications of these interactions to image quality and patient safety. Classical electromagnetics will be used to describe aspects from the fundamental phenomenon of nuclear precession through signal detection and MRI safety. Simple explanations and Illustrations combined with pertinent equations are designed to help the reader rapidly gain a fundamental understanding and an appreciation of this technology as it is used today, as well as ongoing advances that will increase its value in the future. Numerous references are included to facilitate further study with an emphasis on areas most directly related to electromagnetics.
Ultra High Field Neuro Mri
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Author : Karin Markenroth Bloch
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2023-08-21
Ultra High Field Neuro Mri written by Karin Markenroth Bloch and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-08-21 with Computers categories.
Ultra-High Field Neuro MRI is a comprehensive reference and educational resource on the current state of neuroimaging at ultra-high field (UHF), with an emphasis on 7T. Sections cover the MR physics aspects of UHF, including the technical challenges and practical solutions that have enabled the rapid growth of 7T MRI. Individual chapters are dedicated to the different techniques that most strongly benefit from UHF, as well as chapters with a focus on different application areas in anatomical, functional and metabolic imaging. Finally, several chapters highlight the neurological and psychiatric applications for which 7T has shown benefits. The book is aimed at scientists who develop MR technologies and support clinical and neuroscience research, as well as users who want to benefit from UHF neuro MR techniques in their work. It also provides a comprehensive introduction to the field. Presents the opportunities and technical challenges presented by MRI at ultra-high field Describes advanced ultra-high field neuro MR techniques for clinical and neuroscience applications Enables the reader to critically assess the specific UHF advantages over currently available techniques at clinical field strengths
Introduction To Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Author : Richard B. Buxton
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2009-08-27
Introduction To Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Richard B. Buxton and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-08-27 with Medical categories.
This is the second edition of a useful introductory book on a technique that has revolutionized neuroscience, specifically cognitive neuroscience. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has now become the standard tool for studying the brain systems involved in cognitive and emotional processing. It has also been a major factor in the consilience of the fields of neurobiology, cognitive psychology, social psychology, radiology, physics, mathematics, engineering, and even philosophy. Written and edited by a clinician-scientist in the field, this book remains an excellent user's guide to t
Handbook Of Neuro Oncology Neuroimaging
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Author : Herbert B. Newton
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2022-08-25
Handbook Of Neuro Oncology Neuroimaging written by Herbert B. Newton and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-08-25 with Medical categories.
With treatment approaches and the field of neuro-oncology neuroimaging changing rapidly, this third edition of the Handbook of Neuro-Oncology Neuroimaging is very relevant to those in the field, providing a single-source, comprehensive, reference handbook of the most up-to-date clinical and technical information regarding the application of neuroimaging techniques to brain tumor and neuro-oncology patients. This new volume will have updates on all of the material from the second edition, and in addition features several new important chapters covering diverse topics such as imaging for the use of Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy, advanced imaging techniques in radiation therapy, therapeutic treatment fields, response assessment in clinical trials, surgical planning of neoplastic disease of the spine, and more. Sections first overview neuro-oncological disorders before delving into the physics and basic science of neuroimaging and great focus on CT and MRI. The book then focuses on advances in the neuroimaging of brain tumors and neuroimaging of specific tumor types. There is also discussion of neuroimaging of other neuro-oncological syndromes. This book will serve as a resource of background information to neuroimaging researchers and basic scientists with an interest in brain tumors and neuro-oncology. Summarizes translational research on brain imaging for brain tumors Discusses limitations of neuroimaging for diagnosis and treatment Presents advanced imaging technologies, including CT, MRI, and PET Contains new coverage on Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy, radiation therapy, clinical trials, and more
Functional Mri
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Author : Scott H. Faro
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-11-22
Functional Mri written by Scott H. Faro and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-11-22 with Medical categories.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measures quick, tiny metabolic changes that take place in the brain, providing the most sensitive method currently available for identifying, investigating, and monitoring brain tumors, stroke, and chronic disorders of the nervous system like multiple sclerosis, and brain abnormalities related to dementia or seizures. This overview explores experimental research design, outlines challenges and limitations of fMRI, provides a detailed neuroanatomic atlas, and describes clinical applications of fMRI in cognitive, sensory, motor, and pharmacological cases, translating research into clinical application.
Brain Neurotrauma
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Author : Firas H. Kobeissy
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2015-02-25
Brain Neurotrauma written by Firas H. Kobeissy and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-02-25 with Science categories.
Every year, an estimated 1.7 million Americans sustain brain injury. Long-term disabilities impact nearly half of moderate brain injury survivors and nearly 50,000 of these cases result in death. Brain Neurotrauma: Molecular, Neuropsychological, and Rehabilitation Aspects provides a comprehensive and up-to-date account on the latest developments in the area of neurotrauma, including brain injury pathophysiology, biomarker research, experimental models of CNS injury, diagnostic methods, and neurotherapeutic interventions as well as neurorehabilitation strategies in the field of neurotraum research. The book includes several sections on neurotrauma mechanisms, biomarker discovery, neurocognitive/neurobehavioral deficits, and neurorehabilitation and treatment approaches. It also contains a section devoted to models of mild CNS injury, including blast and sport-related injuries. Over the last decade, the field of neurotrauma has witnessed significant advances, especially at the molecular, cellular, and behavioral levels. This progress is largely due to the introduction of novel techniques, as well as the development of new animal models of central nervous system (CNS) injury. This book, with its diverse coherent content, gives you insight into the diverse and heterogeneous aspects of CNS pathology and/or rehabilitation needs.
Mathematics And Physics Of Emerging Biomedical Imaging
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Author : Committee on the Mathematics and Physics of Emerging Dynamic Biomedical Imaging
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1996-03-13
Mathematics And Physics Of Emerging Biomedical Imaging written by Committee on the Mathematics and Physics of Emerging Dynamic Biomedical Imaging and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-03-13 with Science categories.
This cross-disciplinary book documents the key research challenges in the mathematical sciences and physics that could enable the economical development of novel biomedical imaging devices. It is hoped that the infusion of new insights from mathematical scientists and physicists will accelerate progress in imaging. Incorporating input from dozens of biomedical researchers who described what they perceived as key open problems of imaging that are amenable to attack by mathematical scientists and physicists, this book introduces the frontiers of biomedical imaging, especially the imaging of dynamic physiological functions, to the educated nonspecialist. Ten imaging modalities are covered, from the well-established (e.g., CAT scanning, MRI) to the more speculative (e.g., electrical and magnetic source imaging). For each modality, mathematics and physics research challenges are identified and a short list of suggested reading offered. Two additional chapters offer visions of the next generation of surgical and interventional techniques and of image processing. A final chapter provides an overview of mathematical issues that cut across the various modalities.