Syntax In The Treetops
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Syntax In The Treetops
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Author : Shigeru Miyagawa
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2022-05-03
Syntax In The Treetops written by Shigeru Miyagawa and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-03 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
A proposal that syntax extends to the domain of discourse in making core syntax link to the conversational context. In Syntax in the Treetops, Shigeru Miyagawa proposes that syntax extends into the domain of discourse by making linkages between core syntax and the conversational participants. Miyagawa draws on evidence for this extended syntactic structure from a wide variety of languages, including Basque, Japanese, Italian, Magahi, Newari, Romanian, and Spanish, as well as the language of children with autism. His proposal for what happens at the highest level of the tree structure used by linguists to represent the hierarchical relationships within sentences—“in the treetops”—offers a unique contribution to the new area of study sometimes known as “syntacticization of discourse.” Miyagawa’s main point is that syntax provides the basic framework that makes possible the performance of a speech act and the conveyance of meaning; although the role that syntax plays for speech acts is modest, it is critical. He proposes that the speaker-addressee layer and the Commitment Phrase (the speaker’s commitment to the addressee of the truthfulness of the proposition) occur together in the syntactic treetops. In each succeeding chapter, Miyagawa examines the working of each layer of the tree and how they interact.
Mathematical Structure Of Syntactic Merge
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Author : Matilde Marcolli
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2025-08-05
Mathematical Structure Of Syntactic Merge written by Matilde Marcolli and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-08-05 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
A mathematical formalization of Chomsky’s theory of Merge in generative linguistics. The Minimalist Program advanced by Noam Chomsky thirty years ago, focusing on the biological nature of human language, has played a central role in our modern understanding of syntax. One key to this program is the notion that the hierarchical structure of human language syntax consists of a single operation Merge. For the first time, Mathematical Structure of Syntactic Merge presents a complete and precise mathematical formalization of Chomsky’s most recent theory of Merge. It both furnishes a new way to explore Merge’s important linguistic implications clearly while also laying to rest any fears that the Minimalist framework based on Merge might itself prove to be formally incoherent. In this book, Matilde Marcolli, Noam Chomsky, and Robert C. Berwick prove that Merge can be described as a very particular kind of highly structured algebra. Additionally, the book shows how Merge can be placed within a consistent framework that includes both a syntactic-semantic interface that realizes Chomsky’s notion of a conceptual-intentional interface, and an externalization system that realizes language-specific constraints. The syntax-semantics interface encompasses many current semantical theories and offers deep insights into the ways that modern “large language models” work, proving that these do not undermine in any way the scientific theories of language based on generative grammar.
Deconstructing Syntactic Theory
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Author : Peter W. Culicover
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2025-06-12
Deconstructing Syntactic Theory written by Peter W. Culicover and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-06-12 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Deconstructing Syntactic Theory is a critical examination of the assumptions and methodologies of contemporary derivational syntactic theory. The study ranges from the earliest work inspired by Chomsky's Syntactic Structures and Aspects of the Theory of Syntax to the present-day Minimalist Program. The book begins with an examination of the relationship between syntactic structure, linear order, and meaning, and the role of uniformity, in motivating derivational analysis that assume movement and invisible structure. A central property of such analyses is that they are cryptoconstructional: construction-specific stipulations are assumed in order to derive the form and meaning of expressions. The second part looks at a range of technical and empirical problems of derivational syntax, which require theoretical stipulations and devices to properly constrain cryptoconstructional analyses. The focus is particularly on problems relating to movement and problems of invisibility. In Part III, the authors turn to the question of the independent justification of syntactic structure, arguing that much hierarchical structure is not only unnecessary, but also does not yield optimal analyses for a number of grammatical phenomena. Part IV focuses on the use of syntax to account for phenomena that are arguably not syntactic; it concludes that using syntax to model semantic phenomena is at best not necessary, and at worse empirically inadequate. Similarly, using syntax to model morphological relations works only for a narrow subset of cases and cannot be sustained more generally without causing significant internal problems. The book concludes with a review of minimalism, laying out aspects of the logic of the Minimalist Program, its assumptions, and their motivations and consequences. The authors argue that minimalism is best achieved by a leaner theory of linguistic representations, along the lines of the constructional architecture of Simpler Syntax, as proposed by Culicover and Jackendoff (2005).
Principles Of Argument Structure
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Author : Chris Collins
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2024-09-17
Principles Of Argument Structure written by Chris Collins and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-09-17 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
A new theory of argument structure, based on the syntactic operation Merge and presented through an in-depth analysis of properties of the English passive construction. In Principles of Argument Structure, Chris Collins investigates principles of argument structure in minimalist syntax through an in-depth analysis of properties of the English passive construction. He formulates a new theory of argument structure based on the only structure-building operation in minimalist syntax, Merge, which puts together two syntactic objects to form a larger one. This new theory should give rise to detailed cross-linguistic work on the syntactic and semantic properties of implicit arguments. Collins presents an update and defense of his influential 2005 theory of the passive, including a completely original theory of implicit arguments. He makes a direct empirical argument for the Theta-Criterion against various claims that it should be eliminated. He also discusses the conception of voice in syntactic theory, arguing that VoiceP does not introduce external arguments, a position otherwise widely accepted in the field. He shows how the ”smuggling” approach to the passive extends naturally to the dative alternation accounting for a number of striking c-command asymmetries. He compares syntactic and semantic approaches to argument structure, outlining conceptual problems with adopting formal semantics as the basis for a theory of argument structure. The book will be of interest not only to syntacticians and semanticists, but also to typologists investigating the cross-linguistic properties of the passive, psycholinguists and computer scientists working on natural language understanding, and philosophers thinking about the issue of “implicit content.” It includes an appendix that provides common-sense guidelines for doing syntactic research using internet data.
On Linearization
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Author : Guglielmo Cinque
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2023-03-07
On Linearization written by Guglielmo Cinque and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-03-07 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The first attempt at a restrictive theory of the linear order of sentences and phrases of the world's languages, by one of the founders of cartographic syntax. Linearization, or the typical sequence of words in a sentence, varies tremendously from language to language. Why, for example, does the English phrase “a white table” need a different word order from the French phrase “une table blanche,” even though both refer to the same object? Guglielmo Cinque challenges the current understanding of word order variation, which assumes that word order can be dealt with simply by putting a head either before or after its complements and modifiers. The subtle variations in word order, he says, can provide a window into understanding the deeper structure of language and are in need of a sophisticated explanation. The bewildering variation in word order among the languages of the world, says Cinque, should not dissuade us from researching what, if anything, determines which orders are possible (and attested/attestable) and which orders are impossible (and not attested/nonattestable), both when they maximally conform to the “head-final” or “head-initial” types and when they depart from them to varying degrees. His aim is to develop a restrictive theory of word order variation—not just a way to derive the ideal head-initial and head-final word orders but also the mixed cases. In the absence of an explicit theory of linearization, Cinque provides a general approach to derive linear order from a hierarchical arrangement of constituents, specifically, by assuming a restrictive movement analysis that creates structures that can then be linearized by Richard S. Kayne's Linear Correspondence Axiom.
When Arguments Merge
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Author : Elise Newman
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2024-10-15
When Arguments Merge written by Elise Newman and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-10-15 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
A novel theory of argument structure based on the order in which verbs and their arguments combine across a variety of languages and language families. Merge is the structure-building operation in Chomsky’s Minimalist Program. In When Arguments Merge, Elise Newman develops a new Merge-based theory of the syntax of argument structure, taking inspiration from wh- questions. She uncovers new connections between disparate empirical phenomena and provides a unified analysis of patterns across many languages and language families, from Mayan to Bantu to Indo-European languages (among others). The result is a syntactic theory with a small inventory of features and categories that can combine in a limited number of ways, capturing the range of argument configurations that we find cross-linguistically in both declarative and interrogative contexts. Newman’s novel approach to argument structure is based on the time at which different kinds of arguments merge and move in the verbal domain. Assuming that all kinds of Merge are driven by features, she proposes that subset relationships between elements bearing different sets of features can constrain the distribution of arguments in unexpected ways and that different feature bundles can predict unusual interactions between arguments in many contexts. The positions of arguments in different contexts have consequences for agreement alignment and case assignment, which are reflected in the Voice of the clause. Examining the order in which verbs and their arguments are combined, she explores the consequences of different orders of combination for the kinds of utterances observed across languages.
Interaction Between Linguistic And Nonlinguistic Factors
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Author : Masatoshi Koizumi
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2023-12-04
Interaction Between Linguistic And Nonlinguistic Factors written by Masatoshi Koizumi and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-04 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Issues in Japanese Psycholinguistics from Comparative Perspectives compiles over 30 state-of-the-art articles on Japanese psycholinguistics. It emphasizes the importance of using comparative perspectives when conducting psycholinguistic research. Psycholinguistic studies of Japanese have contributed greatly to the field from a cross-linguistic perspective. However, the target languages for comparison have been limited. Most research focuses on English and a few other typologically similar languages. As a result, many current theories of psycholinguistics fail to acknowledge the nature of ergative-absolutive and/or object-before-subject languages. The cross-linguistic approach is not the only method of comparison in psycholinguistics. Other prominent comparative aspects include comprehension vs. production, native speakers vs. second language learners, typical vs. aphasic language development. Many of these approaches are underrepresented in Japanese psycholinguistics. The studies reported in the volumes attempt to bridge these gaps. Using various experimental and/or computational methods, they address issues of the universality/diversity of the human language and the nature of the relationship between human cognitive modules. Volume 2, Interaction Between Linguistic and Nonlinguistic Factors, provides studies on the interaction between linguistic and non-linguistic factors.
Competition In Word Formation
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Author : Alexandra Bagasheva
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Release Date : 2024-05-15
Competition In Word Formation written by Alexandra Bagasheva and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-05-15 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This volume focuses on a number of interrelated issues in the theorizing and interpretation of morphological rivalry, including the differences between a semasiological and an onomasiological approach to competition phenomena in word-formation, the scope of such phenomena (micro-level rivalry between individual affixes, as well as macro-level competition between different processes), the different sources of competition, and the possible resolutions of competitive situations. An overview of existing research in the field is provided, as well as new, cutting-edge findings and proposals for analytical innovation. Linguistic data are drawn from European and Asian languages, and morphologists, semanticists, and anyone interested in the dynamics of language will be stimulated by the analytical models and explanations offered in the 11 chapters.
Syntax 2 Halbband
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Author : Joachim Jacobs
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Release Date : 1995
Syntax 2 Halbband written by Joachim Jacobs and has been published by Walter de Gruyter this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Foreign Language Study categories.
No detailed description available for "SYNTAX (JACOBS U.A.) HSK 9.2".
Non Canonical Questions
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Author : Andreas Trotzke
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2024-02-08
Non Canonical Questions written by Andreas Trotzke and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-02-08 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
In this book, Andreas Trotzke presents a comprehensive theory of non-canonical questions - question types that additionally tell us something about the speaker's epistemic or emotional state. His account dramatically simplifies the syntactic analysis of non-canonical questions and explains some previously unobserved discourse behavior.