T1 Mapping In Myocardial Disease
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T1 Mapping In Myocardial Disease
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Author : Phillip C. Yang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
T1 Mapping In Myocardial Disease written by Phillip C. Yang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Heart categories.
This book details the advances in cardiac MRI that have enabled quantitative tissue characterization of the myocardium using myocardial and blood T1 measurements, which have enabled reliable detection of diffuse pathological processes in both the cardiomyocytes and the interstitial cells of the myocardium. Evaluation of the native myocardial and interstitial fibrosis, and measurement of the extracellular volume fraction has allowed an unprecedented opportunity to elucidate the pathology, diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular disease. T1-Mapping in Myocardial Disease: Principles and Applications reviews a wide spectrum of significant cardiovascular disease and provides relevant guidance for the clinical implementation of this innovative technique. The specific topics covered include principles of T1-mapping in cardiovascular disease and the role of T1-mapping in hypertensive heart disease and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, cardiotoxicity from cancer treatment, cardiacfibrosis, left ventricular hypertrophy in aortic stenosis, peri-infarct injury in ischemic cardiomyopathy, and stem cell therapy. This comprehensive coverage of the utility of T1-mapping in cardiovascular diseases will greatly appeal to the entire cardiovascular medicine and imaging communities.
Myocardial T1 Mapping Techniques For Quantification Of Myocardial Fibrosis
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Author : Xiaopeng Zhou
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Myocardial T1 Mapping Techniques For Quantification Of Myocardial Fibrosis written by Xiaopeng Zhou and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Heart categories.
Identifying and quantifying diffuse myocardial fibrosis is important to provide insights into the relationship between myocardial fibrosis, diastolic and systolic dysfunction, as well as clinical outcomes. T1 mapping is a promising technique for noninvasively identifying diffuse myocardial fibrosis in heart failure. A quantitative T1 map provides sensitivity to the full range of T1 values and is advantageous over the traditional T1-weighted imaging by reducing the reliance on visual interpretation of the signal intensity in the myocardium. However, in-vivo myocardial T1 quantification is challenging because of cardiac and respiratory motion. During the past few years, a variety of T1 mapping techniques, including the modified Look Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) sequence, have been developed and optimized to measure the myocardial T1 value. Importantly, there have been significant differences between the T1 values determined by various methods, and several aspects of T1 mapping are incompletely understood. The accuracy of T1 mapping is sensitive to several confounding factors, such as the types of T1 mapping acquisition sequence and individual physiologic parameters. It also remains unclear if myocardial T1 values are constant throughout the cardiac cycle or the cyclic variation from the error of the variable flip angle (VFA) technique. Lastly, it is necessary to validate these techniques against the endomyocardial biopsy. The work intends to validate several aspects of T1 mapping. Firstly, whether there is significant cyclic variation of myocardial T1 at 1.5T was assessed in healthy volunteers and patients without myocardial disease. Secondly, a fast 3D DFA technique with B1 correction was developed to measure T1 comparably with gold standard in a wide range of T1 values, which showed it is necessary to incorporate B1 correction at 3T. Thirdly, Look Locker and MOLLI were compared to evaluate their agreement and difference in 3 patient groups precontrast and postcontrast situations. Finally, the T1 mapping technique was applied in a group of patients with diffuse myocardial fibrosis eligible for myectomy surgery. Precontrast and postcontrast myocardial T1 values were assessed to identify and quantify myocardial fibrosis, with subsequent histological validation based on intraoperative biopsies. The extracelluar volume calculated from T1 values positively correlated with histological analysis, which can help to guide the decision-making regarding when to send patients for invasive surgery and follow changes of fibrosis in the myocardium over time with noninvasive assessment.
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
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Author : Gianfranco Sinagra
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-05-17
Dilated Cardiomyopathy written by Gianfranco Sinagra and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-17 with Medical categories.
This open access book presents a comprehensive overview of dilated cardiomyopathy, providing readers with practical guidelines for its clinical management. The first part of the book analyzes in detail the disease’s pathophysiology, its diagnostic work up as well as the prognostic stratification, and illustrates the role of genetics and gene-environment interaction. The second part presents current and future treatment options, highlighting the importance of long-term and individualized treatments and follow-up. Furthermore, it discusses open issues, such as the apparent healing phenomenon, the early prognosis of arrhythmic events or the use of genetic testing in clinical practice. Offering a multidisciplinary approach for optimizing the clinical management of DCM, this book is an invaluable aid not only for the clinical cardiologists, but for all physicians involved in the care of this challenging disease.
Diseases Of The Chest Breast Heart And Vessels 2019 2022
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Author : Juerg Hodler
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-02-19
Diseases Of The Chest Breast Heart And Vessels 2019 2022 written by Juerg Hodler and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-19 with Medical categories.
This open access book focuses on diagnostic and interventional imaging of the chest, breast, heart, and vessels. It consists of a remarkable collection of contributions authored by internationally respected experts, featuring the most recent diagnostic developments and technological advances with a highly didactical approach. The chapters are disease-oriented and cover all the relevant imaging modalities, including standard radiography, CT, nuclear medicine with PET, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, as well as imaging-guided interventions. As such, it presents a comprehensive review of current knowledge on imaging of the heart and chest, as well as thoracic interventions and a selection of "hot topics". The book is intended for radiologists, however, it is also of interest to clinicians in oncology, cardiology, and pulmonology.
Free Breathing Non Ecg T1 Mapping In The Heart
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Author : Jaime Shaw
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Free Breathing Non Ecg T1 Mapping In The Heart written by Jaime Shaw and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the United States, translating to a high cost burden on the healthcare system. Noninvasive imaging can play a significant role in the diagnosis and triaging of cardiovascular diseases. Cardiac MRI is a noninvasive imaging technique becoming more prevalent due to its advantage of providing excellent soft-tissue contrast and high spatial resolution without the use of ionizing radiation; however, major challenges exist including respiratory and cardiac motion. One emerging application of cardiac MRI is myocardial tissue characterization using quantitative mapping techniques. Current mapping techniques rely on electrocardiogram (ECG)-gating which assumes normal sinus rhythm, as well as breath-holds or respiratory monitoring which preclude some patients from scans or prolong scan time. Quantification of spin-lattice relaxation times (or T1 mapping) of the myocardium has been shown to enable detection of diffuse myocardial fibrosis, a key feature in the progression of many cardiac diseases. The main focus of this dissertation is to remove the limitations of ECGs and respiratory monitoring from cardiac MRI to enable free-breathing, non-ECG T1 mapping. The first objective of this dissertation was to develop a two-dimensional, free-breathing, non-ECG, continuous T1 mapping technique and validate it in imaging phantoms using a gold-standard technique. We compare the T1 and extracellular volume (ECV) values to a conventional breath-hold, ECG-gated, T1 mapping technique in healthy subjects. The repeatability and accuracy of the technique were assessed for different length scans. The second objective was to demonstrate the feasibility of quantifying T1 values throughout the cardiac cycle and to assess cardiac function simultaneously with a method free of ECG and prospective respiratory monitoring. The third objective of this dissertation was to develop a three-dimensional free-breathing, non-ECG T1 mapping technique capable of providing T1 and ECV maps with full coverage of the left ventricle. This dissertation lays the groundwork for quantitative cardiac MRI with no reliance on prospective respiratory monitoring or ECGs. The removal of these limitations makes cardiac MRI accessible to all types of patients and provides a comfortable scan environment with no breath-holding. This dissertation represents a move toward a "push-button" cardiac MRI paradigm, wherein one scan with minimal setup can provide information comparable to a complex standard-of-care cardiac MRI scan.
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Author : Raymond Y. Kwong
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-01-31
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Raymond Y. Kwong and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-01-31 with Medical categories.
The significantly updated second edition of this important work provides an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), a rapidly evolving tool for diagnosis and intervention of cardiovascular disease. New and updated chapters focus on recent applications of CMR such as electrophysiological ablative treatment of arrhythmias, targeted molecular MRI, and T1 mapping methods. The book presents a state-of-the-art compilation of expert contributions to the field, each examining normal and pathologic anatomy of the cardiovascular system as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. Functional techniques such as myocardial perfusion imaging and assessment of flow velocity are emphasized, along with the exciting areas of artherosclerosis plaque imaging and targeted MRI. This cutting-edge volume represents a multi-disciplinary approach to the field, with contributions from experts in cardiology, radiology, physics, engineering, physiology and biochemistry, and offers new directions in noninvasive imaging. The Second Edition of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging is an essential resource for cardiologists and radiologists striving to lead the way into the future of this important field.
T1 Mapping In Myocardial Disease
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Author : Phillip C. Yang
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-08-28
T1 Mapping In Myocardial Disease written by Phillip C. Yang and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-28 with Medical categories.
This book details the advances in cardiac MRI that have enabled quantitative tissue characterization of the myocardium using myocardial and blood T1 measurements, which have enabled reliable detection of diffuse pathological processes in both the cardiomyocytes and the interstitial cells of the myocardium. Evaluation of the native myocardial and interstitial fibrosis, and measurement of the extracellular volume fraction has allowed an unprecedented opportunity to elucidate the pathology, diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular disease. T1-Mapping in Myocardial Disease: Principles and Applications reviews a wide spectrum of significant cardiovascular disease and provides relevant guidance for the clinical implementation of this innovative technique. The specific topics covered include principles of T1-mapping in cardiovascular disease and the role of T1-mapping in hypertensive heart disease and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, cardiotoxicity from cancer treatment, cardiacfibrosis, left ventricular hypertrophy in aortic stenosis, peri-infarct injury in ischemic cardiomyopathy, and stem cell therapy. This comprehensive coverage of the utility of T1-mapping in cardiovascular diseases will greatly appeal to the entire cardiovascular medicine and imaging communities.
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance T1 Mapping In Cardiomyopathies
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Author : Christian R. Hamilton-Craig
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance T1 Mapping In Cardiomyopathies written by Christian R. Hamilton-Craig and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Medicine categories.
Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging has been widely used to assess myocardial perfusion and scar and is the noninvasive reference standard for identification of focal myocardial fibrosis. However, the late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) technique is limited in its accuracy for absolute quantification and assessment of diffuse myocardial fibrosis by technical and pathophysiological features. CMR relaxometry, incorporating T1 mapping, has emerged as an accurate, reproducible, highly sensitive, and quantitative technique for the assessment of diffuse myocardial fibrosis in a number of disease states. We comprehensively review the physics behind CMR relaxometry, the evidence base, and the clinical applications of this emerging technique.
Myocardial Tissue Characterization Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Author : Sofia Kvernby
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2019-02-18
Myocardial Tissue Characterization Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Sofia Kvernby and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-18 with categories.
In cardiovascular disease, which is the most common cause of death in the world, early diagnosis is crucial for disease outcome. Diagnosis of cardiovascular disease can be challenging, though. Quantification of myocardial T1 and T2 relaxation times with MRI has demonstrated to be a promising method for characterizing myocardial tissue, but long measurement times have hampered clinical use. The overall aim of this doctoral thesis was to develop, validate and, in patient studies, evaluate a very fast three-dimensional method for simultaneous quantification of myocardial T1 and T2 relaxation times with whole coverage of the left ventricle. The 3D-QALAS method is presented in Paper I of this thesis. It is a method that simultaneous measures both T1 and T2 relaxation times in a three-dimensional volume of the heart. The method requires 15 heartbeats, to produce 13 short-axis slices of the left ventricle with voxelwise information of both T1 and T2 relaxation times. The 3D-QALAS method was validated in phantoms and in 10 healthy volunteers by comparing the method with reference methods and demonstrated good accuracy and robustness both in-vitro and in-vivo. In Paper II, the 3D-QALAS method was carefully validated in-vivo by investigating accuracy and precision in 10 healthy volunteers, while the clinical feasibility of the method was investigated in 23 patients with various cardiac pathologies. Repeated independent and dependent scans together with the intra-scan repeatability, demonstrated all a very good precision for the 3D-QALAS method in healthy volunteers. In Paper III and IV, the 3D-QALAS method was applied and evaluated in patient cohorts where the heart muscle alters over time. In Paper III, patients with severe aortic stenosis underwent MRI examinations with 3D-QALAS before, 3 months after and 12 months after aortic valve surgery. Changes in T1 and T2 were observed, which might be used as markers of myocardial changes with respect to edema and fibrosis, which may develop due to increased workload over a long period of time. In study IV, 3D-QALAS was used to investigate 10 breast cancer patients treated with radiation therapy prior to treatment, 2-3 weeks into treatment, and one and 6 months after completion of treatment, to investigate any changes in T1 and T2 and further if they can be correlated to unwanted irradiation of the heart during radiation therapy.
T1 Mapping In Myocardial Disease
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Author : Phillip C. Yang
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-12-22
T1 Mapping In Myocardial Disease written by Phillip C. Yang and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-22 with Medical categories.
This book details the advances in cardiac MRI that have enabled quantitative tissue characterization of the myocardium using myocardial and blood T1 measurements, which have enabled reliable detection of diffuse pathological processes in both the cardiomyocytes and the interstitial cells of the myocardium. Evaluation of the native myocardial and interstitial fibrosis, and measurement of the extracellular volume fraction has allowed an unprecedented opportunity to elucidate the pathology, diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular disease. T1-Mapping in Myocardial Disease: Principles and Applications reviews a wide spectrum of significant cardiovascular disease and provides relevant guidance for the clinical implementation of this innovative technique. The specific topics covered include principles of T1-mapping in cardiovascular disease and the role of T1-mapping in hypertensive heart disease and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, cardiotoxicity from cancer treatment, cardiacfibrosis, left ventricular hypertrophy in aortic stenosis, peri-infarct injury in ischemic cardiomyopathy, and stem cell therapy. This comprehensive coverage of the utility of T1-mapping in cardiovascular diseases will greatly appeal to the entire cardiovascular medicine and imaging communities.