Taming Financial Dollarization Determinants And Effective Policies The Case Of Uruguay
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Taming Financial Dollarization Determinants And Effective Policies The Case Of Uruguay
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Author : Mr. Mauricio Vargas
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2023-11-24
Taming Financial Dollarization Determinants And Effective Policies The Case Of Uruguay written by Mr. Mauricio Vargas and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-11-24 with Business & Economics categories.
With some of the most significant levels of financial dollarization in the Western Hemisphere, Uruguay is characterized by extensive dollarization in both deposits and loans. While traditional factors like high inflation and substantial devaluations have been associated with such outcome, the enduring nature of dollarization in Uruguay also underscores the importance of structural elements. In formulating a holistic strategy to reduce dollarization, not only should there be an enhancement of the monetary policy framework aimed at maintaining low, stable inflation, but it should also consider the calibration of prudential policies such as currency-differentiated reserve requirements and foreign-currency credit repos.
Macroeconomic Implications Of Financial Dollarization
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Author : Mr.R. Gelos
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2008-07-25
Macroeconomic Implications Of Financial Dollarization written by Mr.R. Gelos and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-07-25 with Business & Economics categories.
Uruguay has experienced a remarkable recovery since the 2002 crisis, supported by sound policies and favorable external conditions. With the framework put in place in 2002, Uruguay abandoned an exchange rate peg in favor of a free float, adoped a monetary regime initially based on money targets, improved financial prudential norms and supervision, and accumulated significant central bank reserves. Against this background, Uruguay now faces issues beyond those addressed to stabilize the economy. As the country pursues key postcrisis monetary and financial reforms, the analysis provided in this paper has a direct bearing on the ongoing efforts to move toward a fully fledged inflation-targeting regime and develop interest rates as monetary instruments, as well as on the preparedness of the financial system to deal with shocks, and the adequacy of current central bank reserves.
Dollarization In Sub Saharan Africa
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Author : Mr.Mauro Mecagni
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2015-05-15
Dollarization In Sub Saharan Africa written by Mr.Mauro Mecagni and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-15 with Business & Economics categories.
Dollarization—the use of foreign currencies as a medium of exchange, store of value, or unit of account—is a notable feature of financial development under macroeconomically fragile conditions. It has emerged as a key factor explaining vulnerabilities and currency crises, which have long been observed in Latin America, parts of Asia, and Eastern Europe. Dollarization is also present, prominently, in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where it remains significant and persistent at over 30 percent rates for both bank loans and deposits—although it has not increased significantly since 2001. However, progress in reducing dollarization has lagged behind other regions and, in this regard, it is legitimate to ask whether this phenomenon is an important concern in SSA. This study fills a gap in the literature by analyzing these issues with specific reference to the SSA region on the basis of the evidence for the past decade.
Central Banking In Latin America
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Author : Mr.Luis Ignacio Jácome
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2015-03-17
Central Banking In Latin America written by Mr.Luis Ignacio Jácome and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-03-17 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper provides a brief historical journey of central banking in Latin America to shed light on the debate about monetary policy in the post-global financial crisis period. The paper distinguishes three periods in Latin America’s central bank history: the early years, when central banks endorsed the gold standard and coped with the collapse of this monetary system; a second period, in which central banks turned into development banks under the aegis of governments at the expense of increasing inflation; and the “golden years,” when central banks succeeded in preserving price stability in an environment of political independence. The paper concludes by cautioning against overburdening central banks in Latin America with multiple mandates as this could end up undermining their hard-won monetary policy credibility.
Monetary Policy Transmission In Emerging Markets And Developing Economies
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Author : Mr.Luis Brandao-Marques
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2020-02-21
Monetary Policy Transmission In Emerging Markets And Developing Economies written by Mr.Luis Brandao-Marques and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-21 with Business & Economics categories.
Central banks in emerging and developing economies (EMDEs) have been modernizing their monetary policy frameworks, often moving toward inflation targeting (IT). However, questions regarding the strength of monetary policy transmission from interest rates to inflation and output have often stalled progress. We conduct a novel empirical analysis using Jordà’s (2005) approach for 40 EMDEs to shed a light on monetary transmission in these countries. We find that interest rate hikes reduce output growth and inflation, once we explicitly account for the behavior of the exchange rate. Having a modern monetary policy framework—adopting IT and independent and transparent central banks—matters more for monetary transmission than financial development.
Dollarization And Financial Development
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Author : Mr.Geoffrey J Bannister
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2018-09-11
Dollarization And Financial Development written by Mr.Geoffrey J Bannister and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-11 with Business & Economics categories.
Despite significant strides in financial development over the past decades, financial dollarization, as reflected in elevated shares of foreign currency deposits and credit in the banking system, remains common in developing economies. We study the impact of financial dollarization, differentiating across foreign currency deposits and credit on financial depth, access and efficiency for a large sample of emerging market and developing countries over the past two decades. Panel regressions estimated using system GMM show that deposit dollarization has a negative impact on financial deepening on average. This negative impact is dampened in cases with past periods of high inflation. There is also some evidence that dollarization hampers financial efficiency. The results suggest that policy efforts to reduce dollarization can spur faster and safer financial development.
Dealing With Multiple Currencies In Transitional Economies
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Author : Giovanni Capannelli
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Dealing With Multiple Currencies In Transitional Economies written by Giovanni Capannelli and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Cambodia categories.
In the transitional economies of Cambodia, the Lao People's Democratic Republic, and Viet Nam (the CLV countries), foreign currencies such as the US dollar commonly circulate in addtion to the local currency. National authorities must consider the costs and benefits of such a system, especially in relation to monetary and exchange policies' effect on their development priorities. "This pioneering study is an important contribution to understanding the underpinnings of the Mekong economies' dynamism...Highly recommended." -- Hal Hill, H.W. Arndt Professor of Southeast Asian Economies, Austratlian National University While dealing with multiple currencies is ultimately an issue of national economic policy, the CLV countries could benefit from greater regional cooperation on monetary and financial issues. They would be able to exploit economies of scale, introduce best practices, and facilitate the adoption of common regulatory standards. Greater regional dialogue on monetary policy could also help the CLV countries find a solution to the so-called multiple-currency phenomenon and reap more benefits from their increasing regional economic interdependence. This study, conducted by a team of economists from the Asian Development Bank, academics, and personnel from CLV finance ministries and central banks, explores the issues of multiple currencies and regional monetary cooperation among the economies of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in the context of increasing regional economic interdependence. It reviews the main issues related to the monetary and exchange rate policy decisions taken by CLV national authorities, and discusses the options and opportunities available for enhancing monetary and financial stability in the ASEAN region.
Dollarization In Lebanon
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Author : Mr.Johannes Mueller
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 1994-10-01
Dollarization In Lebanon written by Mr.Johannes Mueller and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-10-01 with Business & Economics categories.
The IMF Working Papers series is designed to make IMF staff research available to a wide audience. Almost 300 Working Papers are released each year, covering a wide range of theoretical and analytical topics, including balance of payments, monetary and fiscal issues, global liquidity, and national and international economic developments.
Carry Trade Vs Deposit Driven Euroization
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Author : Ms.Nan Geng
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2018-03-15
Carry Trade Vs Deposit Driven Euroization written by Ms.Nan Geng and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-15 with Business & Economics categories.
Financial “euroization”—or “dollarization” outside of Central and Eastern Europe—is typically analyzed as a singular phenomenon that can be traced to a common set of factors. This paper argues that two types of euroization need to be distinguished, which have different causes, economic consequences, and policy implications: carry trade euroization that emerges when households and corporations seek to exploit interest rate differentials between foreign currency loans and local currency deposits, and deposit-driven euroization that is rooted in distrust in the local currency as a savings vehicle. We present a theoretical framework that sketches key features of both euroization types, and test it with data from 28 Emerging European and Central Asian economies.
Emerging Market Economies And Financial Globalization
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Author : Leonardo E. Stanley
language : en
Publisher: Anthem Press
Release Date : 2018-03-15
Emerging Market Economies And Financial Globalization written by Leonardo E. Stanley and has been published by Anthem Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-15 with Business & Economics categories.
In the past, foreign shocks arrived to national economies mainly through trade channels, and transmissions of such shocks took time to come into effect. However, after capital globalization, shocks spread to markets almost immediately. Despite the increasing macroeconomic dangers that the situation generated at emerging markets in the South, nobody at the North was ready to acknowledge the pro-cyclicality of the financial system and the inner weakness of “decontrolled” financial innovations because they were enjoying from the “great moderation.” Monetary policy was primarily centered on price stability objectives, without considering the mounting credit and asset price booms being generated by market liquidity and the problems generated by this glut. Mainstream economists, in turn, were not majorly attracted in integrating financial factors in their models. External pressures on emerging market economies (EMEs) were not eliminated after 2008, but even increased as international capital flows augmented in relevance thereafter. Initially economic authorities accurately responded to the challenge, but unconventional monetary policies in the US began to create important spillovers in EMEs. Furthermore, in contrast to a previous surge in liquidity, funds were now transmitted to EMEs throughout the bond market. The perspective of an increase in US interest rates by the FED is generating a reversal of expectations and a sudden flight to quality. Emerging countries’ currencies began to experience higher volatility levels, and depreciation movements against a newly strong US dollar are also increasingly observed. Consequently, there are increasing doubts that the “unexpected” favorable outcome observed in most EMEs at the aftermath of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) would remain.