Taming The System
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Taming The System
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Author : Samuel Walker
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 1993-05-20
Taming The System written by Samuel Walker and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993-05-20 with History categories.
It is a truism that the administration of criminal justice consists of a series of discretionary decisions by police, prosecutors, judges, and other officials. Taming the System is a history of the forty-year effort to control the discretion. It examines the discretion problem from the initial "discovery" of the phenomenon by the American Bar Foundation in the 1950s through to the most recent evaluation research on reform measures. Of enormous value to scholars, reformers, and criminal justice professionals, this book approaches the discretion problem through a detailed examination of four decision points: policing, bail setting, plea bargaining, and sentencing. In a field which largely produces short-ranged "evaluation research," this study, in taking a wider approach, distinguishes between the role of administrative bodies (the police) and evaluates the longer-term trends and the successful reforms in criminal justice history.
Taming The Presumption Of Innocence
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Author : Richard L. Lippke
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2016-02-01
Taming The Presumption Of Innocence written by Richard L. Lippke and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-01 with Social Science categories.
The notion that an individual accused of a crime is presumed innocent until proven guilty is one of the cornerstones of the American criminal justice system. However, the presumption of innocence creates a number of practical and theoretical issues, particularly regarding pre-trial and post-trial processes. In Taming the Presumption of Innocence, Richard L. Lippke argues that the presumption of innocence should be contained to the criminal trial. Beyond the realm of the trial, legal professionals, investigators, and the general public should carry out their respective roles in the criminal justice process without making any presumptions about guilt or innocence whatsoever. Rather than eschewing the significance of the presumption of innocence, the book defends its role within its proper context, the criminal trial. According to Lippke, other aspects of the criminal justice system such as investigation, lawmaking, and treatment of ex-offenders should be conducted in such a way that reflects the fallibility and unpredictability of the system without involving the issue of presumed guilt or innocence. Lippke dispels the idea that the presumption of innocence can be used to remedy some of the current issues in the practice of criminal justice, and instead proposes engaging in deeper, more substantive reforms of the American criminal justice system. The first monograph dedicated exclusively to the presumption of innocence, Taming the Presumption of Innocence will be an ideal text for students and scholars of criminology, criminal justice, and legal theory.
Taming Information Technology
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Author : Eser Kandogan
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2012-07-17
Taming Information Technology written by Eser Kandogan and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-07-17 with Psychology categories.
Information technology is at the center of modern life. It supports most day-to-day activities: talking on the phone, getting money from an ATM, or working in the office. Whether for work, commerce, or fun, we interact with computers, networks, and databases -- all sorts of information technology. How does it work? Certainly, technological advances helped create this world. But what keeps it running? The answer is people. These people -- computer system administrators -- are the unsung heroes of the modern age. This book, ten years in the making, is the result. It tells the story of system administration through the narratives of real system administrators. It documents dynamic systems of people and machines, of specialists working together to tame hugely complex information technology infrastructures, developing and adapting their own tools and practices over time to create productive work environments. The authors hope Taming Information Technology will lead the way to a future in which the important work of these IT workers is better appreciated, better understood, and better supported.
Taming The Beloved Beast
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Author : Daniel Callahan
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2009-08-17
Taming The Beloved Beast written by Daniel Callahan and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-08-17 with Political Science categories.
Technological innovation is deeply woven into the fabric of American culture, and is no less a basic feature of American health care. Medical technology saves lives and relieves suffering, and is enormously popular with the public, profitable for doctors, and a source of great wealth for industry. Yet its costs are rising at a dangerously unsustainable rate. The control of technology costs poses a terrible ethical and policy dilemma. How can we deny people what they may need to live and flourish? Yet is it not also harmful to let rising costs strangle our health care system, eventually harming everyone? In Taming the Beloved Beast, esteemed medical ethicist Daniel Callahan confronts this dilemma head-on. He argues that we can't escape it by organizational changes alone. Nothing less than a fundamental transformation of our thinking about health care is needed to achieve lasting and economically sustainable reform. The technology bubble, he contends, is beginning to burst. Callahan weighs the ethical arguments for and against limiting the use of medical technologies, and he argues that reining in health care costs requires us to change entrenched values about progress and technological innovation. Taming the Beloved Beast shows that the cost crisis is as great as that of the uninsured. Only a government-regulated universal health care system can offer the hope of managing technology and making it affordable for all.
The International Monetary System
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Author : E. Hoffmeyer
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2016-01-26
The International Monetary System written by E. Hoffmeyer and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-26 with Business & Economics categories.
This book interprets the historical evolution of how and why the international monetary system has been transformed. The strategies of the major decision-makers are defined and described, and an analysis made of how these strategies were adapted. The structure of the analysis differs from other such contributions, in that it does not concentrate on the way in which disturbances have developed, but rather on describing the pattern of reaction of policy makers to disturbances, and in particular on the political element in the decisions. This structure of analysis makes relevance criteria somewhat different from most academic literature on the international monetary system. A substantial amount of evidence is presented that has hitherto been largely neglected by experts; for example the sterling support schemes, the gold pool transactions, the use of the swap network, Schiller's preparation of the German block floating, the intervention pattern among key currencies, and the views arising from the minutes of the Federal Open Market Committee. In order to facilitate comparison with other presentations careful documentation is provided of the points made. Apart from the literature referred to in the Bibliography, all material used - comprising documents, memoranda, publications and communiqués - has been organized in a computer index containing about 500 entries. Background material covered by one or more of these entries is available to the interested reader.
Decision Making In Criminal Justice
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Author : Michael R. Gottfredson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-11
Decision Making In Criminal Justice written by Michael R. Gottfredson and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-11 with Social Science categories.
The study of decisions in the criminal justice process provides a useful focus for the examination of many fundamental aspects of criminal jus tice. These decisions are not always highly visible. They are made, or dinarily, within wide areas of discretion. The aims of the decisions are not always clear, and, indeed, the principal objectives of these decisions are often the subject of much debate. Usually they are not guided by explicit decision policies. Often the participants are unable to verbalize the basis for the selection of decision alternatives. Adequate information for the decisions is usually unavailable. Rarely can the decisions be demonstrated to be rational. By a rationaldecision we mean "that decision among those possible for the decisionmaker which, in the light of the information available, maximizes the probability of the achievement of the purpose of the decisionmaker in that specific and particular case" (Wilkins, 1974a: 70; also 1969). This definition, which stems from statistical decision theory, points to three fundamental characteristics of decisions. First, it is as sumed that a choice of possible decisions (or, more precisely, of possible alternatives) is available. If only one choice is possible, there is no de cision problem, and the question of rationality does not arise. Usually, of course, there will be a choice, even if the alternative is to decide not to decide-a choice that, of course, often has profound consequences.
The Streets Of San Francisco
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Author : Christopher Lowen Agee
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2014-03-31
The Streets Of San Francisco written by Christopher Lowen Agee and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-31 with Political Science categories.
During the Sixties the nation turned its eyes to San Francisco as the city's police force clashed with movements for free speech, civil rights, and sexual liberation. These conflicts on the street forced Americans to reconsider the role of the police officer in a democracy. In The Streets of San Francisco Christopher Lowen Agee explores the surprising and influential ways in which San Francisco liberals answered that question, ultimately turning to the police as partners, and reshaping understandings of crime, policing, and democracy. The Streets of San Francisco uncovers the seldom reported, street-level interactions between police officers and San Francisco residents and finds that police discretion was the defining feature of mid-century law enforcement. Postwar police officers enjoyed great autonomy when dealing with North Beach beats, African American gang leaders, gay and lesbian bar owners, Haight-Ashbury hippies, artists who created sexually explicit works, Chinese American entrepreneurs, and a wide range of other San Franciscans. Unexpectedly, this police independence grew into a source of both concern and inspiration for the thousands of young professionals streaming into the city's growing financial district. These young professionals ultimately used the issue of police discretion to forge a new cosmopolitan liberal coalition that incorporated both marginalized San Franciscans and rank-and-file police officers. The success of this model in San Francisco resulted in the rise of cosmopolitan liberal coalitions throughout the country, and today, liberal cities across America ground themselves in similar understandings of democracy, emphasizing both broad diversity and strong policing.
Taming The Four Headed Dragon
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Author : Bill Walton
language : en
Publisher: iUniverse
Release Date : 2014-03-04
Taming The Four Headed Dragon written by Bill Walton and has been published by iUniverse this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-04 with Business & Economics categories.
A financial advisors job can be one of the most rewarding in todays economy. You follow the markets, help people reach their financial and personal goals, and make a decent living while doing it. But the recent downturn in the global economy and general skepticism regarding Wall Street has advisors working harder than ever to manage and grow their business. Every FA must sign more new clients to keep their practice viable. If you are a financial advisor who is struggling to balance all that it entails to run, market, and administer your business, then Taming the Four-Headed Dragon is the book for you. This phenomenal book, as one reviewer called it, is packed with proven tactics and strategies to help financial advisors be clear on who is an ideal prospect for them and arm their referral sources with relevant messaging to make these connections. Author Bill Walton provides a prospecting system that turns every conversation or meeting into a beneficial next step toward closing business. This must-have guide for all financial professionals who sell reveals how to: set meaningful goals that pull you toward action; profile your ideal client; write a clear and compelling value proposition; craft and share crisp messaging with referral sources and centers of influence; and conduct meetings that always lead to a next step. Bill Waltons sales training programs have been adopted by Wall Streets top firms and high-profile Fortune 500 companies. Drawing on his years of experience and success from the sales forces that he serves, Bill Walton has provided an essential guide for achieving success in the ever-competitive arena of financial sales.
How Do Judges Decide
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Author : Cassia Spohn
language : en
Publisher: SAGE
Release Date : 2002-01-28
How Do Judges Decide written by Cassia Spohn and has been published by SAGE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-01-28 with Law categories.
The appropriate amount of punishment for a given crime is an issue that has been debated by scholars, philosophers and legal professionals since the beginning of civilizations. This book seeks to address this issue in all of its complexity by providing a comprehensive overview of the sentencing process in the United States. The book begins by discussing the overall concept of punishment and then proceeds to dissect individual aspects of punishment. Topics include: the sentencing process; responsibility of the judge; disparity and discrimination in sentencing; and sentencing reform. This book is an ideal text for introductory courses on the judicial system, criminal law, law and society. It can be an essential resource to help students understand patterns in the wide discretion and latitude given to judges when determining punishments within the framework of the United States judicial system.
Taming The Sun
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Author : Varun Sivaram
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2019-02-26
Taming The Sun written by Varun Sivaram and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-26 with Political Science categories.
How solar could spark a clean-energy transition through transformative innovation—creative financing, revolutionary technologies, and flexible energy systems. Solar energy, once a niche application for a limited market, has become the cheapest and fastest-growing power source on earth. What's more, its potential is nearly limitless—every hour the sun beams down more energy than the world uses in a year. But in Taming the Sun, energy expert Varun Sivaram warns that the world is not yet equipped to harness erratic sunshine to meet most of its energy needs. And if solar's current surge peters out, prospects for replacing fossil fuels and averting catastrophic climate change will dim. Innovation can brighten those prospects, Sivaram explains, drawing on firsthand experience and original research spanning science, business, and government. Financial innovation is already enticing deep-pocketed investors to fund solar projects around the world, from the sunniest deserts to the poorest villages. Technological innovation could replace today's solar panels with coatings as cheap as paint and employ artificial photosynthesis to store intermittent sunshine as convenient fuels. And systemic innovation could add flexibility to the world's power grids and other energy systems so they can dependably channel the sun's unreliable energy. Unleashing all this innovation will require visionary public policy: funding researchers developing next-generation solar technologies, refashioning energy systems and economic markets, and putting together a diverse clean energy portfolio. Although solar can't power the planet by itself, it can be the centerpiece of a global clean energy revolution. A Council on Foreign Relations Book