Taming The Unknown
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Taming The Unknown
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Author : Victor J. Katz
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2020-04-07
Taming The Unknown written by Victor J. Katz and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-04-07 with Mathematics categories.
What is algebra? For some, it is an abstract language of x's and y’s. For mathematics majors and professional mathematicians, it is a world of axiomatically defined constructs like groups, rings, and fields. Taming the Unknown considers how these two seemingly different types of algebra evolved and how they relate. Victor Katz and Karen Parshall explore the history of algebra, from its roots in the ancient civilizations of Egypt, Mesopotamia, Greece, China, and India, through its development in the medieval Islamic world and medieval and early modern Europe, to its modern form in the early twentieth century. Defining algebra originally as a collection of techniques for determining unknowns, the authors trace the development of these techniques from geometric beginnings in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia and classical Greece. They show how similar problems were tackled in Alexandrian Greece, in China, and in India, then look at how medieval Islamic scholars shifted to an algorithmic stage, which was further developed by medieval and early modern European mathematicians. With the introduction of a flexible and operative symbolism in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, algebra entered into a dynamic period characterized by the analytic geometry that could evaluate curves represented by equations in two variables, thereby solving problems in the physics of motion. This new symbolism freed mathematicians to study equations of degrees higher than two and three, ultimately leading to the present abstract era. Taming the Unknown follows algebra’s remarkable growth through different epochs around the globe.
Language And The Rise Of The Algorithm
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Author : Jeffrey M. Binder
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2022-12-06
Language And The Rise Of The Algorithm written by Jeffrey M. Binder and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
A wide-ranging history of the algorithm. Bringing together the histories of mathematics, computer science, and linguistic thought, Language and the Rise of the Algorithm reveals how recent developments in artificial intelligence are reopening an issue that troubled mathematicians well before the computer age: How do you draw the line between computational rules and the complexities of making systems comprehensible to people? By attending to this question, we come to see that the modern idea of the algorithm is implicated in a long history of attempts to maintain a disciplinary boundary separating technical knowledge from the languages people speak day to day. Here Jeffrey M. Binder offers a compelling tour of four visions of universal computation that addressed this issue in very different ways: G. W. Leibniz’s calculus ratiocinator; a universal algebra scheme Nicolas de Condorcet designed during the French Revolution; George Boole’s nineteenth-century logic system; and the early programming language ALGOL, short for algorithmic language. These episodes show that symbolic computation has repeatedly become entangled in debates about the nature of communication. Machine learning, in its increasing dependence on words, erodes the line between technical and everyday language, revealing the urgent stakes underlying this boundary. The idea of the algorithm is a levee holding back the social complexity of language, and it is about to break. This book is about the flood that inspired its construction.
Alas For The Pelicans
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Author : Anne Chittleborough
language : en
Publisher: Wakefield Press
Release Date : 2002
Alas For The Pelicans written by Anne Chittleborough and has been published by Wakefield Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with South Australia categories.
In 1802 a Frenchman and an Englishman famously encountered each other off the shores of South Australia. The voyages of discovery of Nicolas Baudin and Matthew Flinders opened the way for the increasingly rapid colonisation of 'Terra Australis'.
Navigating By The Southern Cross
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Author : Kenneth Morgan
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2021-01-28
Navigating By The Southern Cross written by Kenneth Morgan and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-28 with History categories.
In this comprehensive study, Kenneth Morgan provides an authoritative account of European exploration and discovery in Australia. The book presents a detailed chronological overview of European interests in the Australian continent, from initial speculations about the 'Great Southern Land' to the major hydrographic expeditions of the 19th century. In particular, he analyses the early crossings of the Dutch in the 17th century, the exploits of English 'buccaneer adventurer' William Dampier, the famous voyages of James Cook and Matthew Flinders, and the little-known French annexation of Australia in 1772. Introducing new findings and drawing on the latest in historiographical research, this book situates developments in navigation, nautical astronomy and cartography within the broader contexts of imperial, colonial, and maritime history.
As If Silent And Absent
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Author : Ehud R. Toledano
language : en
Publisher: Yale University Press
Release Date : 2007-07-12
As If Silent And Absent written by Ehud R. Toledano and has been published by Yale University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-07-12 with Social Science categories.
This groundbreaking book reconceptualizes slavery through the voices of enslaved persons themselves, voices that have remained silent in the narratives of conventional history. Focusing in particular on the Islamic Middle East from the late eighteenth to the early twentieth century, Ehud R. Toledano examines how bonded persons experienced enslavement in Ottoman societies. He draws on court records and a variety of other unexamined primary sources to uncover important new information about the Africans and Circassians who were forcibly removed from their own societies and transplanted to Middle East cultures that were alien to them. Toledano also considers the experiences of these enslaved people within the context of the global history of slavery. The book looks at the bonds of slavery from an original perspective, moving away from the traditional master/slave domination paradigm toward the point of view of the enslaved and their responses to their plight. With keen and original insights, Toledano suggests new ways of thinking about enslavement.
A Cold War Exodus
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Author : Shaul Kelner
language : en
Publisher: NYU Press
Release Date : 2024-04-23
A Cold War Exodus written by Shaul Kelner and has been published by NYU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-04-23 with Social Science categories.
Reveals the mass mobilization tactics that helped free Soviet Jews and reshaped the Jewish American experience from the Johnson era through the Reagan–Bush years What do these things have in common? Ingrid Bergman, Passover matzoh, Banana Republic®, the fitness craze, the Philadelphia Flyers, B-grade spy movies, and ten thousand Bar and Bat Mitzvah sermons? Nothing, except that social movement activists enlisted them all into the most effective human rights campaign of the Cold War. The plight of Jews in the USSR was marked by systemic antisemitism, a problem largely ignored by Western policymakers trying to improve relations with the Soviets. In the face of governmental apathy, activists in the United States hatched a bold plan: unite Jewish Americans to demand that Washington exert pressure on Moscow for change. A Cold War Exodus delves into the gripping narrative of how these men and women, through ingenuity and determination, devised mass mobilization tactics during a three-decade-long campaign to liberate Soviet Jews—an endeavor that would ultimately lead to one of the most significant mass emigrations in Jewish history. Drawing from a wealth of archival sources including the travelogues of thousands of American tourists who smuggled aid to Russian Jews, Shaul Kelner offers a compelling tale of activism and its profound impact, revealing how a seemingly disparate array of elements could be woven together to forge a movement and achieve the seemingly impossible. It is a testament to the power of unity, creativity, and the unwavering dedication of those who believe in the cause of human rights.
The New Era In American Mathematics 1920 1950
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Author : Karen Hunger Parshall
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2022-02-22
The New Era In American Mathematics 1920 1950 written by Karen Hunger Parshall and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-02-22 with History categories.
"The 1920s witnessed the birth of a serious mathematical research community in America. Prior to this, mathematical research was dominated by scholars based in Europe-but World War I had made the importance of scientific and technological development clear to the American research community, resulting in the establishment of new scientific initiatives and infrastructure. Physics and chemistry were the beneficiaries of this renewed scientific focus, but the mathematical community also benefitted, and over time, began to flourish. Over the course of the next two decades, despite significant obstacles, this constellation of mathematical researchers, programs, and government infrastructure would become one of the strongest in the world. In this meticulously-researched book, Karen Parshall documents the uncertain, but ultimately successful, rise of American mathematics during this time. Drawing on research carried out in archives around the country and around the world, as well as on the secondary literature, she reveals how geopolitical circumstances shifted the course of international mathematics. She provides surveys of the mathematical research landscape in the 1920s, 30s, and 40s, introduces the key players and institutions in mathematics at that time, and documents the effect of the Great Depression and the second world war on the international mathematical community. The result is a comprehensive account of the shift of mathematics' "center of gravity" to the American stage"--
The Complete Concordance To Shakespeare
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Author : Mary Cowden Clarke
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1878
The Complete Concordance To Shakespeare written by Mary Cowden Clarke and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1878 with English language categories.
Heaven Taming Saint Lord
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Author : Jiang NanFeng
language : en
Publisher: Funstory
Release Date : 2020-02-19
Heaven Taming Saint Lord written by Jiang NanFeng and has been published by Funstory this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-02-19 with Fiction categories.
'You're very weak! ' Ever since Li Qingniu could remember, the Grandma Long had always told him this. Regarding this, Li Qingniu had always deeply understood it as well. Because he was not as fast as the Grandpa Quezi, not even as far as the Blind Crutch. Not as good as the Medicinal Residue, not even as far as the Great Black Cow at the entrance of the village, until one day, Li Qingniu walked out of the village ...
The Taming Of Fibromyalgia
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Author : Tina Hammett
language : en
Publisher: Autharium
Release Date : 2014-05-19
The Taming Of Fibromyalgia written by Tina Hammett and has been published by Autharium this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-19 with Medical categories.
With Fibromyalgia affecting the lives of an estimated 4% of the world’s population and with little medical treatments available this approach uses a combination of holistic practices to form a strategy for sufferers to reclaim some semblance of a life back. Hailed ‘an inspiration’ by preview readers it offers practical, everyday lifestyle choices Hypnotherapist Tina Hammett was left suffering Fibromyalgia after a series of medical operations. After losing her career, her partner and her home to this disease she became practically bed bound and in searing pain. Medical Science offered very little hope or treatments and she tired of being told she that her condition was merely a result of her ‘checking out of life’. Determined to fight to regain her life, she set about using her holistic health knowledge and began further research to develop this protocol and strategy. Now back to full health thanks to her intensive research and efforts, she happily shares what she has learned with others who are still suffering chronic pain, exhaustion and a severe interruption to their daily lives, in the hope it offers them a beacon to follow to regain their power and their lives. She is joined in this endeavour by Nutritionist Debbie Best and EFT practitioner Lesley Parker and together they share a multitude of holistic techniques and therapies, including rebuilding a shattered self-esteem resulting from the isolation this disease inflicts. Plus what to eat and what to avoid for minimising joint pain, handling stress and importantly numerous natural pain relieving techniques. Written with often searing honesty and from the perspective of someone who literally lived with this disease, this book offers practical and easy to follow strategies that can be incorporated into life with very little effort but with potentially life enhancing results.