Taxation And Pricing Of Petroleum Products In Developing Countries
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Taxation And Pricing Of Petroleum Products In Developing Countries
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Author : Mr.Shahabuddin Mosherraf Hossain
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2003-02-01
Taxation And Pricing Of Petroleum Products In Developing Countries written by Mr.Shahabuddin Mosherraf Hossain and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-02-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Using the modern theory of public economics as the point of departure, this paper outlines a basic principle for setting taxes and/or prices of commodities based on two key criteria, efficiency and equity. The paper shows that for petroleum products, the basic principle needs modification in the presence of various externalities and market imperfections in a setting where the instruments to address the externalities and imperfections are limited. Drawing from theoretical and empirical literature, the paper provides an operational framework and then illustrates how, for a country like Nigeria, the relevant taxes/subsidies to correct the externalities and to address equity and revenue considerations can be measured with a view to setting prices of petroleum products. However, the paper refrains from making any specific suggestion for policy reform in Nigeria. The framework outlined in the paper can be applied to the analysis of petroleum product taxes and prices in other developing countries.
Taxation And Pricing Of Petroleum Products In Developing Countries
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Author : Shahabuddin Hossain
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Taxation And Pricing Of Petroleum Products In Developing Countries written by Shahabuddin Hossain and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
Using the modern theory of public economics as the point of departure, this paper outlines a basic principle for setting taxes and/or prices of commodities based on two key criteria, efficiency and equity. The paper shows that for petroleum products, the basic principle needs modification in the presence of various externalities and market imperfections in a setting where the instruments to address the externalities and imperfections are limited. Drawing from theoretical and empirical literature, the paper provides an operational framework and then illustrates how, for a country like Nigeria, the relevant taxes/subsidies to correct the externalities and to address equity and revenue considerations can be measured with a view to setting prices of petroleum products. However, the paper refrains from making any specific suggestion for policy reform in Nigeria. The framework outlined in the paper can be applied to the analysis of petroleum product taxes and prices in other developing countries.
Taxation Of Petroleum Products
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Author : Mrs.Poonam Gupta
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 1994-03-01
Taxation Of Petroleum Products written by Mrs.Poonam Gupta and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-03-01 with Business & Economics categories.
The domestic taxation of petroleum products is an important source of revenue in most countries. However, there is a wide variation of tax rates on petroleum products across countries, which cannot be explained by economic theory alone. This paper surveys different considerations advanced for taxing petroleum and presents petroleum tax rate data in 120 countries. It concludes that a significant reduction in the present extremely wide variation in petroleum prices and tax rates appears warranted.
Automatic Fuel Pricing Mechanisms With Price Smoothing
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Author : Mr.David Coady
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2013-02-05
Automatic Fuel Pricing Mechanisms With Price Smoothing written by Mr.David Coady and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-05 with Business & Economics categories.
Many developing and emerging countries do not fully pass-through increases in international fuel prices to domestic retail prices, with adverse consequences for fuel tax revenues and tax volatility. The adoption of an automatic fuel pricing mechanism can help to address this problem, and the incorporation of a price smoothing mechanism can ensure pass-through over the medium term but also avoid sharp increases (and decreases) in domestic prices. This technical note addresses the following issues: (i) the design of an automatic fuel pricing mechanism; (ii) the incorporation of domestic price smoothing and resulting tradeoffs; (iii) the transition from ad hoc pricing adjustments to an automatic mechanism; and (iv) policies to support this transition and the maintenance of an automatic mechanism. A standardized template for simulating and evaluating the implications of alternative pricing mechanisms for price and fiscal volatility is available on request.
Petroleum Marketing In Africa
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Author : M. R. Bhagavan
language : en
Publisher: Zed Books
Release Date : 1999
Petroleum Marketing In Africa written by M. R. Bhagavan and has been published by Zed Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Business & Economics categories.
The Nineties saw a fundamental shift in the policy and practice governing the pricing and marketing of petroleum products in Sub-Saharan Africa. Strict government control was replaced by liberalisation. Oil multinationals have been permitted once more to pursue their own strategies in importing and retailing petroleum products. This has profound consequences - for access and affordability by both urban and rural users; for subsidies to ease the price burden on low income groups; for tax revenues; for opportunities for price fixing and oligopoly by multinationals; and most importantly, for generating investment for expanding the retail network beyond the metropolitan areas.In this volume, these issues are examined in depth in the context of two very different cases: Kenya, where full liberalisation has been achieved, and Ethiopia, where the transition from state control to liberalisation has only just begun. A comparative analysis of these two cases yields valuable insights into policies and strategies that African countries need to deploy for ensuring lasting benefits from the imperative of liberalisation.
The Taxation Of Petroleum And Minerals
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Author : Philip Daniel
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2010-04-15
The Taxation Of Petroleum And Minerals written by Philip Daniel and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-04-15 with Business & Economics categories.
Oil, gas and mineral deposits are a substantial part of the wealth of many countries, not least in developing and emerging market economies. Harnessing some part of that wealth for fiscal purposes is critical for economic development: in few areas of economic life are the returns to good policy so large, or mistakes so costly.
Petroleum Investment Policies In Developing Countries
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Author : Nicky Beredjick
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1988
Petroleum Investment Policies In Developing Countries written by Nicky Beredjick and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Business & Economics categories.
Twelve chapters cover a wide variety of topics, including finance, contracts, political risk insurance, legal issues, economics, and technical cooperation. All treatment of these subjects focuses on conditions expected to exist in the mid 1990s. No subject index or bibliography. Annotation copyright
Dynamic Fuel Price Pass Through
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Author : Mr.Kangni R Kpodar
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2017-01-18
Dynamic Fuel Price Pass Through written by Mr.Kangni R Kpodar and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-18 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper assesses the dynamic pass-through of crude oil price shocks to retail fuel prices using a novel database on monthly retail fuel prices for 162 countries. The impulse response functions suggest that on average, a one cent increase in crude oil prices per liter translates into a 1.2 cent increase in the retail gasoline price at peak level six months after the shock. However, the estimates vary significantly across country groups, ranging from about 0.5 cent in MENA countries to two cents in advanced economies. The results also show that positive oil price shocks have a larger impact than negative price shocks on the retail gasoline price. Finally, the paper underscores the importance of the new dataset in refining estimates of the fiscal cost of incomplete pass-through.
Taxation Of Petroleum Products
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Author : Walter Mahler
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Taxation Of Petroleum Products written by Walter Mahler and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
The domestic taxation of petroleum products is an important source of revenue in most countries. However, there is a wide variation of tax rates on petroleum products across countries, which cannot be explained by economic theory alone. This paper surveys different considerations advanced for taxing petroleum and presents petroleum tax rate data in 120 countries. It concludes that a significant reduction in the present extremely wide variation in petroleum prices and tax rates appears warranted.
Fuel Taxes And The Poor
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Author : Thomas Sterner
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2012-03-29
Fuel Taxes And The Poor written by Thomas Sterner and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-03-29 with Law categories.
Fuel Taxes and the Poor challenges the conventional wisdom that gasoline taxation, an important and much-debated instrument of climate policy, has a disproportionately detrimental effect on poor people. Increased fuel taxes carry the potential to mitigate carbon emissions, reduce congestion, and improve local urban environment. As such, higher gasoline taxes could prove to be a fundamental part of any climate action plan. However, they have been resisted by powerful lobbies that have persuaded people that increased fuel taxation would be regressive. Reporting on examples of over two dozen countries, this book sets out to empirically investigate this claim. The authors conclude that while there may be some slight regressivity in some high-income countries, as a general rule, fuel taxation is a progressive policy particularly in low income countries. Rich countries can correct for regressivity by cutting back on other taxes that adversely affect poor people, or by spending more money on services for the poor. Meanwhile, in low-income countries, poor people spend a very small share of their money on fuel for transport. Some costs from fuel taxes may be passed on to poor people through more expensive public transportation and food transport. Nevertheless, in general the authors find that gasoline taxes become more progressive as the income of the country in question decreases. This book provides strong arguments for the proponents of environmental taxation. It has immediate policy implications at the intersection of multiple subject areas, including transportation, environmental regulation, development studies, and climate change. Published with Environment for Development initiative.