Teacher Labour Markets During An Era Of Economic Boom
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Teacher Labour Markets During An Era Of Economic Boom
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Author : Ji Liu
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-09-26
Teacher Labour Markets During An Era Of Economic Boom written by Ji Liu and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-26 with Business & Economics categories.
This book sets out to examine the underlying educational implications of rapid economic transformation, using illustrative analyses of teacher labour markets during the years of unprecedented economic growth in China. Combining historic document archive and empirical micro-level quantitative data, the book examines trends in teacher labour market and their relevant consequences by investigating wage-attractiveness of the teaching profession, consequential shifts in the composition of the teacher force, implications for student learning, and emerging alternative career destinations for teacher exits. While this book focuses on a specific country case, its analytic context is broadly relevant for a range of developing countries that aspire to better understand, through an occupational choice lens, how shifting economic landscapes influence teacher career decisions and consequentially teacher quality and student learning. Teacher policy scholars, comparative education researchers, labour economists, economic and education historians, teacher union researchers, and education policy makers will find this volume of interest.
Teacher Labor Markets During An Era Of Economic Boom
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Author : Ji Liu
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-09
Teacher Labor Markets During An Era Of Economic Boom written by Ji Liu and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09 with Business & Economics categories.
"This book sets out to examine the underlying educational implications of rapid economic transformation, using illustrative analyses of teacher labor markets during the years of unprecedented economic growth in China. Combining historic document analysis and empirical micro-level quantitative data, the book examines trends in teacher labor market and their relevant consequences by investigating wage-attractiveness of the teaching profession, consequential shifts in the composition of the teacher force, implications for student learning, and emerging alternative career destinations for teacher exits. While this book focuses on a specific country case, its analytic context is broadly relevant for a range of developing countries that aspire to better understand, through an occupational choice lens, how shifting economic landscape influences teacher career decisions and consequentially teacher quality and student learning. Teacher policy scholars, comparative education researchers, labor economists, economic and education historians, teacher union researchers and education policy makers will find this volume of interest"--
Linking Education Policy To Labor Market Outcomes
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Author : Tazeen Fasih
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2008-04-09
Linking Education Policy To Labor Market Outcomes written by Tazeen Fasih and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04-09 with Business & Economics categories.
'Linking Education Policy to Labor Market Outcomes' examines current research and new evidence from Ghana and Pakistan representative of two of the poorest regions of the world to assess how education can increase income and help people move out of poverty. This study indicates that in addition to early investments in cognitive and noncognitive skills which produce a high return and lower the cost of later educational investment by making learning at later ages more efficient quality, efficiency, and linkages to the broader macro-economic context also matter. Education and relevant skills are still the key determinants of good labor market outcomes for individuals. However, education policies aimed at improving skills will have a limited effect on the incomes of that skilled workforce or on the performance of a national economy if other policies that increase the demand for these skills are not in place. For education to contribute to national economic growth, policies should aim at improving the quality of education by spending efficiently and by adapting the basic and postbasic curricula to develop the skills increasingly demanded on the global labor market, including critical thinking, problem solving, social behavior, and information technology.
Economics Of The Labour Market
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Author : P. N. (Raja) Junankar
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-01-12
Economics Of The Labour Market written by P. N. (Raja) Junankar and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-12 with Business & Economics categories.
The global crisis has led to dramatic increases in unemployment rates over most of the countries of the OECD. This book provides alternative explanations of this phenomenon. Junankar begins with surveys of the labour market: labour demand, labour supply, and labour force participation. He argues that the growth of unemployment and long-term unemployment is mainly due to a lack of aggregated demand and not due to high unemployment benefits. Economics of the Labour Market shows that unemployment and long-term unemployment impose serious and significant costs on individuals, families, and society in general. Raja Junankar focuses on vital social issues arising from the malfunctioning of economies and this collection of essays tackles the real cost of unemployment.
How Will Baby Boomer Retirements Affect Teacher Labor Markets
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Author : Daniel Aaronson
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 2010-10
How Will Baby Boomer Retirements Affect Teacher Labor Markets written by Daniel Aaronson and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-10 with Education categories.
Essays In Labor And Education Economics
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Author : Alexander Lars Philip Willén
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Essays In Labor And Education Economics written by Alexander Lars Philip Willén and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
This dissertation consists of three essays, each using advanced empirical methods to address important questions within the fields of labor and education economics. In Chapter 1, I exploit a Swedish reform that eliminated the fixed national pay scale for teachers to present novel evidence on the labor market effects of wage decentralization. Identification of the causal effect of the reform is achieved by using differences in non-teacher wages across local labor markets prior to the reform as a measure of treatment intensity in a dose-response difference-in-difference framework. I find that decentralization induces large changes in teacher pay, and that these changes are entirely financed through a reallocation of existing education resources. The magnitude of the wage effect is negatively related to teacher age, such that the reform led to a disproportionate increase in entry wage and a flattening of the age-wage relationship. Contrary to the predictions of the Roy model, decentralization does not impact teacher composition or student outcomes. I show that a main reason for this relates to general equilibrium and wage spillover effects to substitute occupations. In Chapter 2, which is joint work with Anders Böhlmark, we examine how ethnic residential segregation affects long-term outcomes of immigrants and natives. The key challenge with identifying neighborhood effects is that individuals sort across regions for reasons that are unobserved by the researcher but relevant as determinants of individual outcomes. Such nonrandom selection leads to invalid inference in correlational studies since individuals in neighborhoods with different population compositions are not comparable even after adjusting for differences in observable characteristics. To overcome this issue, we borrow theoretical insight from the one-sided tipping point model used by Card, Mas and Rothstein (2008). This model predicts that residential segregation can arise due to social interactions in white preferences: once the minority share in a neighborhood passes a certain “tipping point,” the neighborhood will be subject to white flight and avoidance, causing a discontinuity in white population growth. After having found evidence for the tipping phenomenon in Sweden, we use the tipping threshold as a source of exogenous variation in population composition to provide new evidence on the effect of neighborhood segregation on individual outcomes. We find negative effects on the educational attainment of native children. These effects are temporary and do not carry over to the labor market. We show that these transitory education effects are isolated to natives who leave tipped areas, suggesting that they may be driven by short-term disruptions caused by moving. In Chapter 3, which is joint work with Michael Lovenheim, we analyze the effect of teacher collective bargaining laws on long-run labor market and educational attainment outcomes, exploiting the timing of passage of duty-to-bargain (DTB) laws across cohorts within states and across states over time. We find robust evidence that exposure to teacher DTB laws worsens the future labor market outcomes of men: in the first 10 years after passage of a DTB law, male earnings decline by $1,974 (or 3.64%) per year and h.
Teachers Gender And Careers
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Author : Sandra Acker
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 1989
Teachers Gender And Careers written by Sandra Acker and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Career development categories.
Teachers' experiences are seen to be influenced by cultures within educational institutions, labour market conditions and social divisions. This book attempts to move gender from the margins to the centre of debate about their lives and careers.
Teacher Pay And Performance
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Author : Peter Dolton
language : en
Publisher: UCL Institute of Education Press (University College London Institute of Education Press)
Release Date : 2003
Teacher Pay And Performance written by Peter Dolton and has been published by UCL Institute of Education Press (University College London Institute of Education Press) this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Education categories.
In the context of teacher pay and management reforms and the position of the teacher labour market in the UK, Dolton, McIntosh and Chevalier examine international perspectives on performance-related pay for teachers. A brief history of teacher pay over the 1954-2000 period sets the scene, the case for the introduction of performance-related pay (PRP) for teachers is critically examined in terms of economic theory, and a number of issues are raised as to how suitable a tool PRP is for motivating teachers. Having explored possible ways of carrying out an appropriate econometric evaluation of PRP schemes, the review discusses evidence of such payment systems for other public sector professions in the UK, and for teachers in other countries.
Higher Education And Economic Growth
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Author : William E. Becker Jr.
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
Higher Education And Economic Growth written by William E. Becker Jr. and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Business & Economics categories.
After decades of effortless growth and prosperity, America's postsecondary institutions of education have come under increasing financial stress and waning public support. In part, this stress reflects a slowdown in the real rate of national economic growth and the loss of federal and state revenues for education generally. It also reflects a trend of state legislatures simply giving higher education an ever lower ranking on the list of funding priorities. Postsecondary educational institutions in the United States will continue to face increasing financial stress and waning public support as critics question the contribution of higher education to economic growth, which historically has been a major rationale for funding. Unless the trends in education financing can be changed, higher edu cation can be expected to stagnate. What, if anything, can be done? As a starting point, advocates of higher education need to more fully recognize the important ways in which higher education influences technological change and also is influenced by that change. As demonstrated by the chapters in this book, higher education is not a neutral or passive player in economic growth. This volume addresses topics related to the role of postsecondary education in national economic development within the United States.
Higher Education Expansion Market Recognition And Unemployment
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Author : Yu He
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Higher Education Expansion Market Recognition And Unemployment written by Yu He and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
To meet the future demand for highly educated labour, the "College Enrolment Expansion" policy was implemented in China at the end of the 20th century. But after a few years, new college graduates found it hard to get skilled jobs and some of them were unemployed. Many college graduates had to do unskilled work, living in groups, settling on fringes of cities-they are called "Ants".Unlike some scholars who blame the "Ants" problem on market frictions or barriers, this thesis indicates the core reason is that the capability of these graduates was not recognized by employers because they could not match skilled job requirements. Lack of qualified lecturers and resources, and course programs that were out of touch with work requirements led to a quality decline in teaching as colleges expanded, so students could not learn enough skills before graduation. The thesis develops a concept of market recognition to study this phenomenon.Market recognition is the degree of recognition of some group of persons as perceived by employers in the labour market. It is a competitive concept. When persons try to find jobs, they always face competition. Market recognition is a reflection of workers' capabilities in the employers' view and determines the chance for persons to win in the competition for job vacancies. For example, a primary-educated worker cannot get a technician job when competing with a higher-educated worker because his capability is not recognized by the employer when comparing with the higher-educated worker.Many new college graduates' lack of success in finding skilled jobs was due to their failure in competing with other experienced college-educated persons. We develop a labour market module as an extension of the computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to depict this process in history. In the module, workers are classified by six occupation types and three education levels; different types of labour compete with each other when seeking jobs; labour flows between occupations through a dynamic job vacancy chain, in which job vacancies emerge and then are filled by winners in job competition in each time; market recognition will determine who is the winner.We develop a very detailed baseline to replicate the history that the worsening situation for college graduates to find skilled jobs. In this baseline, structural changes in China's GDP components, employment, sectoral output, consumption, imports and exports are captured as well as many macro indicators and price indices. It means our model has traced the features of China's economic growth, which provides an accurate background for labour market transition. Inside the labour market, we inform the model of occupational and educational wage gap changes, numbers of unemployment, numbers of new school graduates and yearly "Ants" entry. Under these constraints, our labour market module draws a potential labour transition matrix for each year, in which labour flows between occupations in each education level are captured as well as changes of the market recognition of new college graduates. In the baseline of history replication, our model reveals a strong positive demand shift for college-educated labour in China since 1998, which is mainly caused by new technology requirements and the rapid expansion of highly-educated-intensive sectors. The baseline also captures the rapid increasing demand for college-educated labour, accompanied by a high unemployment rate of college graduates in these years. Taking account of historical wage adjustment and demand shifts, the baseline clearly reveals that the market recognition of college graduates experienced a continuous decline during college expansion, which explains the increasing number of "Ants" and high college graduate unemployment rates. On one side, new college graduates thought they had college degrees and deserved skilled jobs; on the other side, employers did not recognize capabilities of these graduates and would not provide them skilled jobs. As a result, more and more new college graduates had to do unskilled jobs or became unemployed. For example, the labour transition matrix tells that over 50% of new college graduates could get technician jobs and the unemployment rate of college graduates was below 8% in 1997; while in 2011, only 11% of college graduates became technicians directly and the corresponding unemployment rate was 12%.The plan of college expansion is to increase labour supply of the highly educated to meet the future demand for skilled workers, but the decline of the market recognition of college graduates made it inefficient. "Ants" are considered as a loss in effective highly educated labour supply, and a counterfactual simulation is designed to assess its effect and the corresponding cost to China's economy. In the simulation, the market recognition of college graduates is assumed to decline less than what happened in history. The result indicates the unemployment rate of college graduates would drop sharply due to this reduced decline; the equivalent losses in effective highly educated labour supply are approximately five million persons to 2011; and the corresponding cost to the level of China's annual GDP is above 0.3%.