Technical Change And Human Capital Acquisition In Japanese And U S Labor Markets
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Technical Change And Human Capital Acquisition In Japanese And U S Labor Markets
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Author : Hong W. Tan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Technical Change And Human Capital Acquisition In Japanese And U S Labor Markets written by Hong W. Tan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Employees categories.
Technical Change And Human Capital Acquisition In Japanese And U S Labor Markets
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Author : Hong W. Tan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Technical Change And Human Capital Acquisition In Japanese And U S Labor Markets written by Hong W. Tan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Employees categories.
The Changing Japanese Labor Market
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Author : Akiomi Kitagawa
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-03-15
The Changing Japanese Labor Market written by Akiomi Kitagawa and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-15 with Business & Economics categories.
This book reappraises the Japanese employment system, characterized by such practices as the periodic recruiting of new graduates, lifetime employment and seniority-based wages, which were praised as sources of high productivity and flexibility for Japanese firms during the period of high economic growth from the middle of the 1950s until the burst of bubbles in the early 1990s. The prolonged stagnation after the bubble burst induced an increasing number of people to criticize the Japanese employment system as a barrier to the structural changes needed to allow the economy to adjust to the new environment, with detractors suggesting that such a system only serves to protect the vested interests of incumbent workers and firms. By investigating what caused the long stagnation of the Japanese economy, this book examines the validity of this currently dominant view about the Japanese employment system. The rigorous theoretical and empirical analyses presented in this book provide readers with deep insights into the nature of the current Japanese labor market and its macroeconomic impacts.
Internal Labour Markets In Japan
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Author : Kenn Ariga
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2000-06-29
Internal Labour Markets In Japan written by Kenn Ariga and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-06-29 with Business & Economics categories.
Japanese labour market practices have attracted considerable attention in the West for two reasons. Firstly, innovative human resource management (HRM) is responsible for the development of competitive industrial sectors. Secondly, inner flexibility of the labour market has produced low unemployment and wage flexibility. This study, originally published in 2000, provides a thorough investigation of the distinctive features of Japanese internal labour markets (ILM) and occupational labour markets (OLM), closely analyses important changes in ILM and considers future developments. It combines a mixture both of descriptive and of theoretical and econometric work and builds on the authors' wel- known previous research in this area. Also contains a detailed case study and the econometric analysis of HRM policies used by a large Japanese firm. Although the focus is on Japanese ILM, international comparisons are made throughout, mainly with reference to Europe and the United States.
Education Human Capital Investment And Innovation In The Contemporary Japanese Economy
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Author : Tamotsu Nakamura
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-01-18
Education Human Capital Investment And Innovation In The Contemporary Japanese Economy written by Tamotsu Nakamura and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-18 with Business & Economics categories.
This book analyzes education in Japan from the viewpoint of “the stagnant current Japanese economy”. Tomoyuki Tamagawa, a long-time mathematics teacher in junior high school, is now a vice principal. He and Tamotsu Nakamura have written Chapter 1 of this book together because they believe that the loss of vitality in the Japanese economy is due to the problem of human capital formation in school education. Shinji Oi has worked for many years at a Japanese broadcasting station and has extensive experience in human resource development. In Chapter 2, he analyzes the relationship between optimal human capital investment and labor market mobility, based on his recognition of the importance of vocational training, or human capital investment at the firm and the necessity for good allocation of human resources. Tokuji Saita is well versed not only in the realities and practices in the financial industry but also in the financial system as a whole. In Chapter 3, based on his long experience in the financial industry, he analyzes and points out the importance of “openness” of innovation from a macroeconomic point of view.
Essays On The Japanese Labor Market
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Author : Jess Diamond
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Essays On The Japanese Labor Market written by Jess Diamond and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Corporations categories.
In studying the Japanese economic miracle that occurred after the devastation of World War II, many researchers focused on unique features of the Japanese labor market to explain the country's high and growing productivity. One of the most prominent of these features was regular employment, an arrangement characterized by the twin pillars of lifetime employment and seniority-based wages. At its core was the long-term employment relationship between a worker and his firm that provided heavy investment in the worker's human capital. Over time the Japanese labor market has undergone many changes, but one of the most important has been the rise and apparent decline of regular employment. In its wake a dual labor market has emerged, consisting of a regular employment sector reduced in size and a growing non-standard employment sector. Chapter 1 investigates the impact of the dual labor market on workers' earnings. The theory of human capital predicts that the greater investment in human capital of regular employees should raise the returns to regular employment above those to non-standard employment. This chapter investigates whether or not this is the case by building a model of how the dual labor market impacts incentives to invest in workers' human capital and how such investment affects workers' earnings. I then investigate whether or not this model is supported by the data. I find that tenure in regular employment is a more important factor in wage growth than previous work experience, regardless of whether that experience was in regular or non-standard employment. Not only are returns to tenure in regular employment greater than those to past regular and non-standard employment, by and large, there does not appear to be a difference between the returns to past experience in regular employment and past experience in non-standard employment. Furthermore, although tenure in regular employment is an important determinant of wage growth, tenure in non-standard employment is not. Chapter 2 extends the investigation into the impact on workers of the dual labor market by investigating how workers' future employment opportunities are impacted by their employment histories. Specifically, this chapter uses a probability model to investigate in which sector of the dual labor market an individual worker will most likely be employed given his previous history of employment in the regular and non-standard employment sectors. Using this model, I also investigate how the dual labor market affects the employment opportunities of workers of different ages and how these effects have changed over time. My results suggest that starting one's career in non-standard rather than regular employment reduces one's probability of being in regular employment in the future. I also propose a dynamic unobserved effects model in order to separate the effect of unobserved individual heterogeneity from that of true state dependence and find that there is a large degree of state dependence even after controlling for individual heterogeneity so that people are likely to remain in the whichever employment sector they currently find themselves. Among the most important changes that have occurred in Japanese corporate finance over the past 30 years has been the liberalization and internationalization of capital markets, leaving management less protected from the demands of shareholders. Chapter 3 shifts the focus of analysis from workers to firms and investigates whether or not the capital structure of firms affect their personnel strategies and employment policies. In particular, this chapter asks whether the importance of a particular stakeholder to a firm's financing affects which stakeholders the management of the firm prioritizes and how this affects the firm's views on lifetime employment and employee training. I find that the financial structure of the firm is correlated with which stakeholders are regarded as important or influential by the firm. Similarly, I find longer average lengths of service at older firms and firms with lower rates of profitability. I also find that older firms and firms with lower rates of profitability are more likely to reconsider their policies on lifetime employment. Finally, I find that firms are less likely to report that they will support lifetime employment in the future the higher is the percentage of shares owned by either foreign shareholders or individual shareholders.
The Japanese Labor Market In A Comparative Perspective With The United States
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Author : Masanori Hashimoto
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
The Japanese Labor Market In A Comparative Perspective With The United States written by Masanori Hashimoto and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Human capital categories.
Presents an economic analysis of certain aspects of the Japanese labour market.
Comparison Of The Japanese And The U S Labor Markets
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Author : Tomohiko Inui
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
Comparison Of The Japanese And The U S Labor Markets written by Tomohiko Inui and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Labor market categories.
Work And Pay In Japan
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Author : Robert A. Hart
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1999-08-05
Work And Pay In Japan written by Robert A. Hart and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-08-05 with Business & Economics categories.
This book provides a comprehensive overview of Japanese labour market institutions and practices with respect to employment issues and labour payments. It contains extensive discussion of the effects of industrial relations, small business activity, business cycles and schooling on work and pay. An early chapter is devoted to presenting, in an accessible manner, essential labour market ideas and concepts that recur throughout the text. Important topics covered include (i) unions and wage determination, (ii) the breakdown of total labour costs, (iii) the Japanese bonus system, (iv) the employment life-cycle, (v) small businesses and subcontracting, (vi) pay and productivity over the business cycle. A key feature is that subject areas and themes are examined within a comparative United States/European framework. This allows assessments of whether or not the structure and performance of the Japanese labour market has differed from experience elsewhere.
Wage Structures And Labor Turnover In The U S And In Japan
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Author : Jacob Mincer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987
Wage Structures And Labor Turnover In The U S And In Japan written by Jacob Mincer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Human capital categories.
The starting point of this study is the proposition that intensive formation of human capital on the job is the basic proximate reason for the strong degree of worker attachment to the firm in Japan. The greater emphasis on training and retraining, much of it specific to the firm, results also in steeper wage trajectories, due to growth of skills in the firm. We explore this insight more thoroughly by a detailed use of micro-data for the two countries: We measure wage profiles and turnover in age groups, and we test the inverse relation between the two on industry sectors within each of the countries. Using productivity growth indexes for industries in the U.S. and in Japan we test the hypothesis that rapid technical change which induces greater and continuous training, is responsible for steeper profiles, hence indirectly for lesser turnover. The hypothesis is confirmed on the sectoral level in both countries. Finally, we try to standardize for the cultural background of workers, by observing a sample of Japanese plants in the U.S. which employ American workers, and use Japanese labor policies in recruitment and training. We find that the steeper tenure-wage slopes and lower turnover place this sample closer to Japan than to the U.S.