Technology Growth And The Labor Market
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Technology Growth And The Labor Market
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Author : Donna K. Ginther
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Technology Growth And The Labor Market written by Donna K. Ginther and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Business & Economics categories.
Technology, Growth, and the Labor Market brings together research by economists from academia and the Federal Reserve System. The first section of the volume includes discussions by monetary policymakers with firsthand experience in determining how technology affects productivity, inequality, and macroeconomic growth. Papers in the second section discuss the sources of the surge in labor productivity growth during the latter half of the 1990s and present forecasts of labor productivity growth rates during the next few years. In the third section, the papers focus on the role of technological advances in changes in earnings inequality in the labor market. The authors examine whether inequality should be viewed as a causal result of skill-biased technological change or whether there is a missing link - or perhaps no link - between changes in technology and changes in wage inequality. The final section explores the relationships between computer investment, worker skills, human resource practices, and productivity at the industry and firm levels.
The Impact Of Technological Change On Employment And Economic Growth
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Author : Richard Michael Cyert
language : en
Publisher: Ballinger Publishing Company
Release Date : 1988
The Impact Of Technological Change On Employment And Economic Growth written by Richard Michael Cyert and has been published by Ballinger Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Labor supply categories.
Job desplacement; The employment and labor market adjustment: evidence from the displaced worker surveys; Technological change and the extent of frictional and structural unemployment; The effects of technological change on skills and the distribution of earnings and income; Sectoral patterns of technology adoption; Trade, tax, and diffusion policy issues.
Technology And Employment
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Author : Richard Michael Cyert
language : en
Publisher: Washington, D.C. (2101 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington 20418) : National Academy Press
Release Date : 1987
Technology And Employment written by Richard Michael Cyert and has been published by Washington, D.C. (2101 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington 20418) : National Academy Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Electronic books categories.
This report addresses a number of issues that have surfaced in the debates over the impact of technological change on employment. These issues include the effects of technological change on levels of employment and unemployment within the economy; on the displacement of workers in specific industries or sectors of the economy; on skill requirements; on the welfare of women, minorities, and labor force entrants in a technologically transformed economy; and on the organization of the firm and the workplace. It concludes that technological change will contribute significantly to growth in employment opportunities and wages, although workers in specific occupations and industries may have to move among jobs and careers. Recommends initiatives and options to assist workers in making such transitions. ISBN 0-309-03744-1 (pbk.).
The European Labor Market And Technology
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Author : Artur Usanov
language : en
Publisher: The Hague Centre for Strategic Studies
Release Date : 2014-07-09
The European Labor Market And Technology written by Artur Usanov and has been published by The Hague Centre for Strategic Studies this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-09 with categories.
In recent years, rapid technological progress has led to a wholesale destruction of middle-level jobs and a substantial rise in income inequality. It could also bring an era of high structural unemployment. These impacts constitute a major challenge that cannot be ignored by policymakers. They affect the fundamentals of our labor market – and might severely shake the social structure and stability of our society. This new report examines the impacts of technology on the European labor market. The report documents that technological innovation brings not only immense benefits but also significant dislocations in the labor market by making many jobs redundant. HCSS calls upon policymakers to take the risks of job polarization, increased inequality and potentially high technological unemployment quite seriously and suggests some policy measures that could mitigate these risks.The study was conducted in the context of the TNO Strategy & Change program. To download the report, please click on the button on the right.
The Jobs Of Tomorrow
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Author : Mark A. Dutz
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2018-04-10
The Jobs Of Tomorrow written by Mark A. Dutz and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-10 with Technology & Engineering categories.
While adoption of new technologies is understood to enhance long-term growth and average per-capita incomes, its impact on lower-skilled workers is more complex and merits clarification. Concerns abound that advanced technologies developed in high-income countries would inexorably lead to job losses of lower-skilled, less well-off workers and exacerbate inequality. Conversely, there are countervailing concerns that policies intended to protect jobs from technology advancement would themselves stultify progress and depress productivity. This book squarely addresses both sets of concerns with new research showing that adoption of digital technologies offers a pathway to more inclusive growth by increasing adopting firms’ outputs, with the jobs-enhancing impact of technology adoption assisted by growth-enhancing policies that foster sizable output expansion. The research reported here demonstrates with economic theory and data from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Mexico that lower-skilled workers can benefit from adoption of productivity-enhancing technologies biased towards skilled workers, and often do. The inclusive jobs outcomes arise when the effects of increased productivity and expanding output overcome the substitution of workers for technology. While the substitution effect replaces some lower-skilled workers with new technology and more highly-skilled labor, the output effect can lead to an increase in the total number of jobs for less-skilled workers. Critically, output can increase sufficiently to increase jobs across all tasks and skill types within adopting firms, including jobs for lower-skilled workers, as long as lower-skilled task content remains complementary to new technologies and related occupations are not completely automated and replaced by machines. It is this channel for inclusive growth that underlies the power of pro-competitive enabling policies and institutions—such as regulations encouraging firms to compete and policies supporting the development of skills that technology augments rather than replaces—to ensure that the positive impact of technology adoption on productivity and lower-skilled workers is realized.
Boosting Productivity Via Innovation And Adoption Of New Technologies
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Author : Thierry Tressel
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2004
Boosting Productivity Via Innovation And Adoption Of New Technologies written by Thierry Tressel and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Industrial productivity categories.
Scarpetta and Tressel present empirical evidence on the determinants of industry-level multifactor productivity growth. They focus on "traditional factors," including the process of technological catch up, human capital, and research and development (R & D), as well as institutional factors affecting labor adjustment costs. Their analysis is based on harmonized data for 17 manufacturing industries in 18 industrial economies over the past two decades. The disaggregated analysis reveals that the process of technological convergence takes place mainly in low-tech industries, while in high-tech industries, country leaders tend to pull ahead of the others. The link between R & D activity and productivity also depends on technological characteristics of the industries: while there is no evidence of R & D boosting productivity in low-tech industries, the effect is strong in high-tech industries, but the technology leaders tend to enjoy higher returns on R & D expenditure compared with followers. There is also evidence in the data that high labor adjustment costs (proxied by the strictness of employment protection legislation) can have a strong negative impact on productivity. In particular, when institutional settings do not allow wages or internal training to offset high hiring and firing costs, the latter reduce incentives for innovation and adoption of new technologies, and lead to lower productivity performance. Albeit drawn from the experience of industrial countries, this result may have relevant implications for many developing economies characterized by low relative wage flexibility and high labor adjustment costs. This paper--a joint product of the Social Protection Team, Human Development Network, World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund--is part of a larger effort to understand what drives productivity growth.
Technology And The Future Of Work
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Author : Adrian Peralta-Alva
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2018-09-28
Technology And The Future Of Work written by Adrian Peralta-Alva and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-28 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper uses a DSGE model to simulate the impact of technological change on labor markets and income distribution. It finds that technological advances offers prospects for stronger productivity and growth, but brings risks of increased income polarization. This calls for inclusive policies tailored to country-specific circumstances and preferences, such as investment in human capital to facilitate retooling of low-skilled workers so that they can partake in the gains of technological change, and redistributive policies (such as differentiated income tax cuts) to help reallocate gains. Policies are also needed to facilitate the process of adjustment.
Forecasting The Impact Of New Technologies On The Future Job Market
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Author : Russell W. Rumberger
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
Forecasting The Impact Of New Technologies On The Future Job Market written by Russell W. Rumberger and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Employment forecasting categories.
The Last Technological Innovations And Its Effects On Growth Process Labor Market And Society
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Author : Gül Ekinci
language : en
Publisher: Livre de Lyon
Release Date : 2020-12-17
The Last Technological Innovations And Its Effects On Growth Process Labor Market And Society written by Gül Ekinci and has been published by Livre de Lyon this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-17 with Business & Economics categories.
Innovation, generally based on curiosity and intuition, is defined as a discovery, invention and an R&D process that brings solutions to a social, environmental and technological problem and also that creates value and meets communal needs in product, process, market, organizational and socialfields. All over the world, investments are based on capital accumulation; the idea of having more output with less input is based on production info; and technologies, production volume, the rise of motivation are based on labor force and therefore, they are all accepted as indicators of economic growth. Capital accumulation, technological developments and increase in labor force constitute the main dynamics of growth of the global world economy. Technological progress doesn’t only provide high output and productivity but it also creates economic growth. Since growth in economic sense corresponds to the rise in tools and products that are used to meet human needs, innovations create new employment and business lines at this point. On the other hand; innovations, in social sense, fight against poverty, inequality and also exclusion being related to them. Innovations offer technological, effective, productive and sustainable solutions to these problems in social sense. While developed countries that are more advanced in technology and economic growth, constitute only one fifth of the world population, they use four of five of the world resources and therefore, the gap between developing countries and them is increasing everyday. This situation is seen as an obstacle in front of the aim of a sustainable world. Since the direction of technological innovation is determined by social and economic needs, innovation types such as radical (disruptive), incremental, contrary, operational and marketing innovations create an effect of leverage with its niche role in sustainable development. Many problems, which are untouched in economic, social and technological senses and also which are seen desperate to solve, can only be solved through paradigm-shifting and disruptive (radical) innovations that should be applied in a way that will break the existing taboos. Disruptive innovations create new business lines by bringing radical solutions for the problems that seem unsolvable and stepwise (incremental, staggered) innovations strenghten the sub-innovations in these new businesslines. At this point; opening the way for innovations, attaching importance to creative ideas to increase efficiency, evaluating the contribution of innovation and also managing the processes well are quite important in innovation management. The authors in this book consider innovations in different fields by evaluating the effects of innovations on labor market, society and economy in order to manage the process well and contribute to it
Digitized Labor
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Author : Lorenzo Pupillo
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-05-04
Digitized Labor written by Lorenzo Pupillo and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-04 with Business & Economics categories.
As with previous technological revolutions, innovations in the online world have triggered transformations in the labor market and the economy. While the Internet is trumpeted as a great job creator, there are also downsides that need to be identified and dealt with. The book discusses the following topics: Is the Internet a net creator of jobs? How are job profiles changed by the digital economy? What are the impacts on income distribution? Is it a winner-takes-all tournament? What models can facilitate adjustment without slowing innovation? This book features essays from major experts in the field coming from academia, international organizations, the private sector, and civil society. It blends theoretical and applied research presenting results from many countries, with particular emphasis on Europe, the USA, Canada and Asia.