Technology In Postwar America
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Technology In Postwar America
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Author : Carroll Pursell
language : en
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Release Date : 2007-06-29
Technology In Postwar America written by Carroll Pursell and has been published by Columbia University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-06-29 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Carroll Pursell tells the story of the evolution of American technology since World War II. His fascinating and surprising history links pop culture icons with landmarks in technological innovation and shows how postwar politics left their mark on everything from television, automobiles, and genetically engineered crops to contraceptives, Tupperware, and the Veg-O-Matic. Just as America's domestic and international policies became inextricably linked during the Cold War, so did the nation's public and private technologies. The spread of the suburbs fed into demands for an interstate highway system, which itself became implicated in urban renewal projects. Fear of slipping into a postwar economic depression was offset by the creation of "a consumers' republic" in which buying and using consumer goods became the ultimate act of citizenship and a symbol of an "American Way of Life." Pursell begins with the events of World War II and the increasing belief that technological progress and the science that supported it held the key to a stronger, richer, and happier America. He looks at the effect of returning American servicemen and servicewomen and the Marshall Plan, which sought to integrate Western Europe into America's economic, business, and technological structure. He considers the accumulating "problems" associated with American technological supremacy, which, by the end of the 1960s, led to a crisis of confidence. Pursell concludes with an analysis of how consumer technologies create a cultural understanding that makes political technologies acceptable and even seem inevitable, while those same political technologies provide both form and content for the technologies found at home and at work. By understanding this history, Pursell hopes to advance a better understanding of the postwar American self.
Knowledge Regulation And National Security In Postwar America
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Author : Mario Daniels
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2022-04-25
Knowledge Regulation And National Security In Postwar America written by Mario Daniels and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04-25 with History categories.
The first historical study of export control regulations as a tool for the sharing and withholding of knowledge. In this groundbreaking book, Mario Daniels and John Krige set out to show the enormous political relevance that export control regulations have had for American debates about national security, foreign policy, and trade policy since 1945. Indeed, they argue that from the 1940s to today the issue of how to control the transnational movement of information has been central to the thinking and actions of the guardians of the American national security state. The expansion of control over knowledge and know-how is apparent from the increasingly systematic inclusion of universities and research institutions into a system that in the 1950s and 1960s mainly targeted business activities. As this book vividly reveals, classification was not the only—and not even the most important—regulatory instrument that came into being in the postwar era.
American Hegemony And The Postwar Reconstruction Of Science In Europe
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Author : John Krige
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2008-08-29
American Hegemony And The Postwar Reconstruction Of Science In Europe written by John Krige and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-08-29 with Science categories.
In 1945, the United States was not only the strongest economic and military power in the world; it was also the world's leader in science and technology. In American Hegemony and the Postwar Reconstruction of Science in Europe, John Krige describes the efforts of influential figures in the United States to model postwar scientific practices and institutions in Western Europe on those in America. They mobilized political and financial support to promote not just America's scientific and technological agendas in Western Europe but its Cold War political and ideological agendas as well. Drawing on the work of diplomatic and cultural historians, Krige argues that this attempt at scientific dominance by the United States can be seen as a form of "consensual hegemony," involving the collaboration of influential local elites who shared American values. He uses this notion to analyze a series of case studies that describe how the U.S. administration, senior officers in the Rockefeller and Ford Foundations, the NATO Science Committee, and influential members of the scientific establishment—notably Isidor I. Rabi of Columbia University and Vannevar Bush of MIT—tried to Americanize scientific practices in such fields as physics, molecular biology, and operations research. He details U.S. support for institutions including CERN, the Niels Bohr Institute, the French CNRS and its laboratories at Gif near Paris, and the never-established "European MIT." Krige's study shows how consensual hegemony in science not only served the interests of postwar European reconstruction but became another way of maintaining American leadership and "making the world safe for democracy."
The Meaning Of Technology Selected Readings From American Sources
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Author : Montserrat Ginés Gibert
language : en
Publisher: Univ. Politèc. de Catalunya
Release Date : 2010-09
The Meaning Of Technology Selected Readings From American Sources written by Montserrat Ginés Gibert and has been published by Univ. Politèc. de Catalunya this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09 with Foreign Language Study categories.
The significance of "technology" has been subject of continuous discussion. This selection of readings, ranging from primary sources to scholarly and critical works and literary renderings, is intended to furnish elements for that discussion. The history of the United States began with the advent of the industrial revolution, which, in turn, became an integral part of American national and cultural identity. Accordingly, that country provides an appropriate setting in which to examine the debate on technology. The reader is asked to relate the selected views herein included to his or her own notion of technology and progress as they both relate to the also controversial terms of culture, ideology, nature and gender
Paths Of Innovation
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Author : David C. Mowery
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1999-10-28
Paths Of Innovation written by David C. Mowery and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-10-28 with Business & Economics categories.
In 1903 the Wright brothers' airplane travelled a couple of hundred yards. Today fleets of streamlined jets transport millions of people each day to cities worldwide. Between discovery and application, between invention and widespread use, there is a world of innovation, of tinkering, improvement and adaptation. This is the world David Mowery and Nathan Rosenberg map out in Paths of Innovation, a tour of the intersecting routes of technological change. Throughout their book, Mowery and Rosenberg demonstrate that the simultaneous emergence of new engineering and applied science disciplines in the universities, in tandem with growth in the Research and Development industry and scientific research, has been a primary factor in the rapid rate of technological change. Innovation and incentives to develop new, viable processes have led to the creation of new economic resources - which will determine the future of technological innovation and economic growth.
Americanization And Its Limits
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Author : Jonathan Zeitlin
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2000
Americanization And Its Limits written by Jonathan Zeitlin and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Business & Economics categories.
'A major addition to [the] literature... this book is a major enrichment of our understanding of 'Americanization', combining a rich array of new research with a rigourous attention to problems of conceptualization.' -The Historical Journal'This book is essential reading for anyone interested in post-war international economic history and the development of an internationalized business culture. It also provides a salutary reminder about the limited prospects of a national business model being transferred wholesale even in the era of the new economy and revived American dominance.' -English Historical Review'This book will be of great value to economic as well as business historians, particularly those with an interest in the development of globalization... the project is truly international in its scholarly dimensions.' -English Historical Review'The detailed essays provide some fascinating examples of transatlantic interaction... this is an important book bringing together for the first time a great deal of useful information.' -History'This book is the best by far of the recent spate of studies of Americanization, and it will be invaluable to scholars and students in a variety of fields.' -Technology and CultureA new and distinctive analysis of Americanization in European and Japanese industry after the Second World War. The distinguished international contributors analyse the autonomous and creative role of local actors in selectively adapting US technology and management methods to suit local conditions and, strikingly, in creating new hybrid forms that combined indigenous and foreign practices in unforeseen, yet remarkably competitive ways. Of compelling interest in particular to historians and social scientists concerned with the dynamics of post-war economic growth and industrial development.
Mastering A New Role
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Author : National Academy of Engineering
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1993-02-01
Mastering A New Role written by National Academy of Engineering and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993-02-01 with Political Science categories.
This book examines the changing character of commercial technology development and diffusion in an integrated global economy and its implications for U.S. public policies in support of technological innovation. The volume considers the history, current practice, and future prospects for national policies to encourage economic development through both direct and indirect government support of technological advance.
Postwar America
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Postwar America written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with United States--History--20th century categories.
The period following World War II was marked by great social change as a result of the civil rights movement, the feminist movement, and the youth opposition to the Vietnam War.
Engineers For Change
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Author : Matthew Wisnioski
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2012-10-19
Engineers For Change written by Matthew Wisnioski and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-19 with Technology & Engineering categories.
An account of conflicts within engineering in the 1960s that helped shape our dominant contemporary understanding of technological change as the driver of history. In the late 1960s an eclectic group of engineers joined the antiwar and civil rights activists of the time in agitating for change. The engineers were fighting to remake their profession, challenging their fellow engineers to embrace a more humane vision of technology. In Engineers for Change, Matthew Wisnioski offers an account of this conflict within engineering, linking it to deep-seated assumptions about technology and American life. The postwar period in America saw a near-utopian belief in technology's beneficence. Beginning in the mid-1960s, however, society—influenced by the antitechnology writings of such thinkers as Jacques Ellul and Lewis Mumford—began to view technology in a more negative light. Engineers themselves were seen as conformist organization men propping up the military-industrial complex. A dissident minority of engineers offered critiques of their profession that appropriated concepts from technology's critics. These dissidents were criticized in turn by conservatives who regarded them as countercultural Luddites. And yet, as Wisnioski shows, the radical minority spurred the professional elite to promote a new understanding of technology as a rapidly accelerating force that our institutions are ill-equipped to handle. The negative consequences of technology spring from its very nature—and not from engineering's failures. “Sociotechnologists” were recruited to help society adjust to its technology. Wisnioski argues that in responding to the challenges posed by critics within their profession, engineers in the 1960s helped shape our dominant contemporary understanding of technological change as the driver of history.
Weekend Pilots
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Author : Alan Meyer
language : en
Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press
Release Date : 2015-12-30
Weekend Pilots written by Alan Meyer and has been published by Johns Hopkins University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-30 with History categories.
The first scholarly book to examine in detail the role of masculinity in aviation, Weekend Pilots adds new dimensions to our understanding of embedded gender and its long-term effects.