Temporary Shelter In Place As Protection Against A Release Of Airborne Hazardous Material
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Temporary Shelter In Place As Protection Against A Release Of Airborne Hazardous Material
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Temporary Shelter In Place As Protection Against A Release Of Airborne Hazardous Material written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.
''Temporary shelter-in place'' is the combination of prompt shelter-in-place (SIP) to minimize initial exposure to airborne hazardous material, followed by timely action to terminate this protection to minimize exposure to hazardous vapor accumulations in the shelter once the air outside becomes less hazardous than the air inside the shelter. Temporary SIP, if properly executed, is considered to be an effective way to protect populations from hazardous chemical vapors, especially from high concentrations for short periods. This is supported by laboratory and field experiments. The need for timely termination of temporary SIP as protection from infiltrated vapors is an integral component of a temporary SIP strategy. It was from this premise that Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) was asked to develop methodologies for deciding when and how to terminate SIP. These methodologies, in turn, could be the basis for site-specific operational guidelines (e.g., decision matrix, decision-tree, or algorithm) for terminating SIP on each of the eight Army chemical stockpile storage sites, and in the off-post communities surrounding them. This project consists of two tasks. Task 1 was to collect and analyze existing literature that might be relevant to the termination of temporary SIP. This report is the product of Task 1. Task 2, which will begin on 2 February 2001, will use the results of the literature search as the baseline to investigate the concepts associated with temporary SIP, and to develop methodologies for termination of temporary SIP that can be incorporated in site-specific operational guidelines. It is understood that these methods will be consistent with Chemical Stockpile Emergency Preparedness Program (CSEPP) policy that ''the most important objective of the emergency preparedness and implementation process is the avoidance of fatalities to the maximum extent practicable, should an accidental release of chemical agent occur.'' It is also anticipated that these methods will be consistent with approved dispersion models and compatible with the approved emergency management information systems and alert and notification protocols.
When And How To End Shelter In Place Protection From A Release Of Airborne Hazardous Material
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
When And How To End Shelter In Place Protection From A Release Of Airborne Hazardous Material written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.
Shelter-in-place (SIP) is considered a credible alternative to immediate evacuation to protect the population on and around Army chemical warfare agent stockpile storage sites from accidental agent releases of short duration. To be effective, this strategy requires immediate SIP to minimize initial exposure to agent vapor, followed by timely and appropriate termination of SIP to minimize additional exposure to agent vapor accumulations in the shelter when the air outside becomes less hazardous. However, a major challenge facing emergency managers has been how to decide the best time and way to end SIP to obtain this ideal. This report describes a concept to make this decision, and suggests a methodology to apply the concept as a site-specific response tool. The major conditions that influence the exposure of a population are the source term values of the agent that is released, meteorological conditions, shelter air change rates, the distance of the shelter from the source, and th e dose-response relationship of the hazardous material. The circumstances that contribute to overall exposure associated with a SIP strategy involve exposure during the time before taking shelter, exposure while sheltered due to vapor infiltration, and additional exposure (if any) following the termination of SIP. Options to end SIP are to resume normal activities with no restrictions, to ventilate the shelter but remain indoors, to exit from the shelter and remain nearby, or to relocate to a designated facility. The optimal time and way to end SIP involves examining the relationships among the conditions and circumstances listed above to find the combination of these variables that gives the smallest area where a sheltered population might receive a certain level of toxic effect. For example, find the combination of times, conditions, and circumstances that produce the smallest area where fatalities are possible. In this case, the best time and action to end SIP to minimize fatalities is that combination of variables which produces the smallest area where this level of effect is expected. The methodology to apply the concept is to use a computer model to examine the relationships among these conditions and circumstances (many of which are pre-planned default inputs), and display the best time and action to end SIP quickly, in a user-friendly format. A computer model that was developed to prove the concept and demonstrate the methodology (called the TSIP Model) is described in the report, and the use of the TSIP Model is illustrated in a case study in an appendix to the report. The report also discusses public education and emergency instructions essential for implementing this concept, and makes recommendations for agreements, plans, and exercises relevant to deciding when and how to end SIP. This concept and methodology is independent of the atmospheric dispersion model used, and is not limited to chemical warfare agent vapor hazards. Thus it can help make decisions on when and how to end SIP following the accidental release of many other non-flammable non-reactive hazardous vapors if sufficient information is available about the characteristics of the material and the circumstances of the release.
The Mobility Forum
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
The Mobility Forum written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Aeronautics, Military categories.
Guidelines For Integrating Process Safety Into Engineering Projects
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Author : CCPS (Center for Chemical Process Safety)
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2018-11-12
Guidelines For Integrating Process Safety Into Engineering Projects written by CCPS (Center for Chemical Process Safety) and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-12 with Science categories.
There is much industry guidance on implementing engineering projects and a similar amount of guidance on Process Safety Management (PSM). However, there is a gap in transferring the key deliverables from the engineering group to the operations group, where PSM is implemented. This book provides the engineering and process safety deliverables for each project phase along with the impacts to the project budget, timeline and the safety and operability of the delivered equipment.
Hazardous Materials Awareness And Operations
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Author : Rob Schnepp
language : en
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning
Release Date : 2009
Hazardous Materials Awareness And Operations written by Rob Schnepp and has been published by Jones & Bartlett Learning this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations meets and exceeds the requirements for Fire Fighter I and II certification and satisfies the core competencies for operations level responders including the eight mission-specific responsibilities for first responders within the 2008 Edition of NFPA 472, Standard for Competence of Responders to Hazardous Materials/Weapons of Mass Destruction Incidents. Additionally, the material presented also exceeds the hazardous materials response requirements of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Risk Management Series Safe Rooms And Shelters Protecting People Against Terrorist Attacks
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: FEMA
Release Date :
Risk Management Series Safe Rooms And Shelters Protecting People Against Terrorist Attacks written by and has been published by FEMA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Assessing The Effectiveness Of Shelter In Place As An Emergency Response To Large Scale Outdoor Chemical Releases
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Author : Wanyu Rengie Chan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Assessing The Effectiveness Of Shelter In Place As An Emergency Response To Large Scale Outdoor Chemical Releases written by Wanyu Rengie Chan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
Executive S Guide To Personal Security
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Author : David A. Katz
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2020-01-22
Executive S Guide To Personal Security written by David A. Katz and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-22 with Business & Economics categories.
The proven safety tips and techniques for corporate executives, revised and updated The revised and updated second edition of Executive's Guide to Personal Security, 2nd Edition offers a strategic handbook for ensuring safety for executives, their employees, and their corporate assets. The book’s lessons outline the basic rules of personal security; it shows how to recognize and prepare for the real threats faced by executives and ordinary individuals in today’s often hostile world. It is filled with the necessary knowledge that can empower executives to face these threats and deal with them successfully. The methods outlined herein, formerly reserved for security professionals and government employees, are made available to the reader. Executive's Guide to Personal Security will teach you situational awareness which allows you to identify potential dangers before they become serious threats. You will learn how to analyze risks, prepare for emergencies, travel safely, and utilize counter-surveillance techniques to enable you to recognize if you are being followed or targeted. You will gain an understanding of the threats to both personal safety and corporate assets and understand how to implement the appropriate counter-measures to deal with those perceived threats. With Executive’s Guide to Personal Security, you can learn to take necessary actions to reduce your chances of becoming a target and discover how to make yourself less vulnerable. Written by two seasoned security experts, the lessons presented can be used by those in the business world as well as anyone who would like to feel more secure, including those traveling to foreign countries and individuals studying abroad. New to the second edition is: Information for responding to an active shooter incident Enhanced details for protecting IP and computers and smart phones Strategies for planning for emergencies at home and the office Approaches to safety that meet the challenges of today’s world Executive's Guide to Personal Security, 2nd Edition is the comprehensive book that contains information on physical security, principles of route selection, technical security systems, hostage situations, emergency planning, hotel and room selection, armored products, communications, bomb threats, evacuations, and local criminal hazards.
Homeland Security
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Author : James J. F. Forest
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Release Date : 2006-06-30
Homeland Security written by James J. F. Forest and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-06-30 with History categories.
America is a target; the homeland is under threat. While Americans have been targets of terrorist attacks for quite some time, September 11, 2001, awoke the nation to the reality that we are vulnerable in our homes, our places of work and worship, and our means of public transportation. And yet, we must continue to function as best we can as the world's most vibrant economic and political community. The current threat environment requires greater engagement with the public, as the necessary eyes and ears of the nation's homeland security infrastructure. However, to be effective, the public must be equipped with the knowledge of where and why specific locations and activities may be a terrorist target, what is being done to protect those targets, and how they can help. This three-volume set answers that need. The chapters of each volume of Homeland Security revolve around a core of central questions. Are we safer today than we were pre-9/11? What steps have been taken in all these areas to protect ourselves? What are the threats we face, and what new threats have developed since 9/11? Are we staying one step ahead of those who wish to do us harm? In 2002, more than 400 million people, 122 million cars, 11 million trucks, 2.4 million freight cars, and 8 million containers entered the United States. Nearly 60,000 vessels entered the United States at its 301 ports of entry. Clearly the amount of activity this represents will require a long-term commitment to innovation, organizational learning, and public vigilance to complement an already overstretched network of government agencies and security professionals.
Hazardous Materials Incidents
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Author : Steven M. DeLisi
language : en
Publisher: PennWell Books
Release Date : 2006
Hazardous Materials Incidents written by Steven M. DeLisi and has been published by PennWell Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Technology & Engineering categories.
First responders who arrive on scene of a hazardous materials incident may be assigned to an engine, ladder truck, rescue, or ambulance with very little sophisticated HAZMAT equipment. Despite these limitations, their actions during the initial response will often set the stage for the success or failure of the entire event. Many incidents start out as minor "routine" events that suddenly escalate when something goes terribly wrong. Perhaps first responders did not anticipate the involvement of hazardous materials in a response to a rear-end collision involving two passenger vehicles, an EMS call at a residence for difficulty breathing, or a trash fire. That is until it was too late! First responders, despite their best intentions, can quickly become part of any hazardous materials problem. The results can be first responders who are killed or seriously injured, or those who suffer devastating illnesses years after exposure to a hazardous material. Even if you have hours of training on hazardous materials response, this book will provide every reader with... - Practical advice based on the real-life experiences of first responders - A one-stop source on topics such as atmospheric monitors and class B foam - Steps to managing "routine" incidents to prevent them from becoming disasters - Limitations of federal hazardous materials regulations you need to know - Real-world examples of first responders who won (or lost) the battle with hazardous materials