When And How To End Shelter In Place Protection From A Release Of Airborne Hazardous Material
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When And How To End Shelter In Place Protection From A Release Of Airborne Hazardous Material
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
When And How To End Shelter In Place Protection From A Release Of Airborne Hazardous Material written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.
Shelter-in-place (SIP) is considered a credible alternative to immediate evacuation to protect the population on and around Army chemical warfare agent stockpile storage sites from accidental agent releases of short duration. To be effective, this strategy requires immediate SIP to minimize initial exposure to agent vapor, followed by timely and appropriate termination of SIP to minimize additional exposure to agent vapor accumulations in the shelter when the air outside becomes less hazardous. However, a major challenge facing emergency managers has been how to decide the best time and way to end SIP to obtain this ideal. This report describes a concept to make this decision, and suggests a methodology to apply the concept as a site-specific response tool. The major conditions that influence the exposure of a population are the source term values of the agent that is released, meteorological conditions, shelter air change rates, the distance of the shelter from the source, and th e dose-response relationship of the hazardous material. The circumstances that contribute to overall exposure associated with a SIP strategy involve exposure during the time before taking shelter, exposure while sheltered due to vapor infiltration, and additional exposure (if any) following the termination of SIP. Options to end SIP are to resume normal activities with no restrictions, to ventilate the shelter but remain indoors, to exit from the shelter and remain nearby, or to relocate to a designated facility. The optimal time and way to end SIP involves examining the relationships among the conditions and circumstances listed above to find the combination of these variables that gives the smallest area where a sheltered population might receive a certain level of toxic effect. For example, find the combination of times, conditions, and circumstances that produce the smallest area where fatalities are possible. In this case, the best time and action to end SIP to minimize fatalities is that combination of variables which produces the smallest area where this level of effect is expected. The methodology to apply the concept is to use a computer model to examine the relationships among these conditions and circumstances (many of which are pre-planned default inputs), and display the best time and action to end SIP quickly, in a user-friendly format. A computer model that was developed to prove the concept and demonstrate the methodology (called the TSIP Model) is described in the report, and the use of the TSIP Model is illustrated in a case study in an appendix to the report. The report also discusses public education and emergency instructions essential for implementing this concept, and makes recommendations for agreements, plans, and exercises relevant to deciding when and how to end SIP. This concept and methodology is independent of the atmospheric dispersion model used, and is not limited to chemical warfare agent vapor hazards. Thus it can help make decisions on when and how to end SIP following the accidental release of many other non-flammable non-reactive hazardous vapors if sufficient information is available about the characteristics of the material and the circumstances of the release.
Temporary Shelter In Place As Protection Against A Release Of Airborne Hazardous Material
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Temporary Shelter In Place As Protection Against A Release Of Airborne Hazardous Material written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.
''Temporary shelter-in place'' is the combination of prompt shelter-in-place (SIP) to minimize initial exposure to airborne hazardous material, followed by timely action to terminate this protection to minimize exposure to hazardous vapor accumulations in the shelter once the air outside becomes less hazardous than the air inside the shelter. Temporary SIP, if properly executed, is considered to be an effective way to protect populations from hazardous chemical vapors, especially from high concentrations for short periods. This is supported by laboratory and field experiments. The need for timely termination of temporary SIP as protection from infiltrated vapors is an integral component of a temporary SIP strategy. It was from this premise that Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) was asked to develop methodologies for deciding when and how to terminate SIP. These methodologies, in turn, could be the basis for site-specific operational guidelines (e.g., decision matrix, decision-tree, or algorithm) for terminating SIP on each of the eight Army chemical stockpile storage sites, and in the off-post communities surrounding them. This project consists of two tasks. Task 1 was to collect and analyze existing literature that might be relevant to the termination of temporary SIP. This report is the product of Task 1. Task 2, which will begin on 2 February 2001, will use the results of the literature search as the baseline to investigate the concepts associated with temporary SIP, and to develop methodologies for termination of temporary SIP that can be incorporated in site-specific operational guidelines. It is understood that these methods will be consistent with Chemical Stockpile Emergency Preparedness Program (CSEPP) policy that ''the most important objective of the emergency preparedness and implementation process is the avoidance of fatalities to the maximum extent practicable, should an accidental release of chemical agent occur.'' It is also anticipated that these methods will be consistent with approved dispersion models and compatible with the approved emergency management information systems and alert and notification protocols.
Assessing The Effectiveness Of Shelter In Place As An Emergency Response To Large Scale Outdoor Chemical Releases
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Author : Wanyu Rengie Chan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Assessing The Effectiveness Of Shelter In Place As An Emergency Response To Large Scale Outdoor Chemical Releases written by Wanyu Rengie Chan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
Hazardous Materials Awareness And Operations
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Author : Rob Schnepp
language : en
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning
Release Date : 2009
Hazardous Materials Awareness And Operations written by Rob Schnepp and has been published by Jones & Bartlett Learning this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations meets and exceeds the requirements for Fire Fighter I and II certification and satisfies the core competencies for operations level responders including the eight mission-specific responsibilities for first responders within the 2008 Edition of NFPA 472, Standard for Competence of Responders to Hazardous Materials/Weapons of Mass Destruction Incidents. Additionally, the material presented also exceeds the hazardous materials response requirements of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Manual Of School Health E Book
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Author : Keeta DeStefano Lewis
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
Release Date : 2008-06-23
Manual Of School Health E Book written by Keeta DeStefano Lewis and has been published by Elsevier Health Sciences this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-06-23 with Medical categories.
Completely updated, the 3rd edition of this practical, highly portable manual offers quick access to the most relevant health and wellness information for children -- from birth through age 21 – in the school setting. You’ll find valuable guidance on developmental stages, learning domains, acute and chronic illnesses, first aid, medical syndromes, special education, and emergency illness. This edition also addresses the growing array of issues affecting today’s children, including mental health disorders, disaster management, substance abuse, and school violence, as well as new threats such as West Nile virus, dermatological conditions, and the reemergence of tuberculosis. Ideal for use in school and community settings, this manual is a must-have resource for anyone who works with children. A best practice approach to health issues and concerns helps you provide the best possible care to students. A clear, consistent outline format and straightforward writing style make it easy to locate and apply essential information. Updated content includes important contemporary issues in schools, such as body piercing, backpack syndrome, and computer ergonomics. Brain Findings section offers relevant information about recent brain and neurology research, with insights on how it relates to childhood development and health. Numerous appendices, including the latest growth charts and immunization schedules, provide essential information for assessing school age children. English-Spanish translation guide for common health terms and phrases helps you communicate more effectively with Hispanic students. Web site resources at the end of each chapter provide reliable sources for further information and research. A convenient Glossary familiarizes you with important terminology and definitions used throughout the book. New, user-friendly design helps you find key information quickly with helpful boxes, tables, and headings. New 8-page color insert serves as an instant visual reference to help you identify rashes, skin lesions, and other dermatological conditions that are common among school-age children. A separate chapter on first aid walks you through the management of common injuries and emergency situations. Revised mental health chapter presents current, detailed information on the major mental disorders that affect school-age children such as depression, autism, and Asperger's, with an extensive psychotropic medication table. A new chapter devoted to disaster management includes the latest information on bioterrorism and homeland security threats to help you create an action plan for disaster situations. A revised chapter on violence addresses sexual assault, self-mutilation, suicide, domestic violence, and violence in the schools, to help you stay informed about current societal trends, issues, and developments. New information on teen pregnancy offers helpful guidelines on communicating with students about this important issue.
Hazardous Materials Awareness And Operations
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Author : Iafc
language : en
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Publishers
Release Date : 2010-03-10
Hazardous Materials Awareness And Operations written by Iafc and has been published by Jones & Bartlett Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-03-10 with Technology & Engineering categories.
A fire fighter's ability to recognize an incident involving hazardous materials is critical. They must possess the knowledge required to identify the presence of hazardous materials and weapons of mass destruction (WMD), and have an understanding of what their role is within the response plan. Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations will provide fire fighters and first responders with these skills and enable them to keep themselves and others safe while mitigating these potentially deadly incidents.Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations is the center of an integrated teaching and learning system that combines groundbreaking content with dynamic new features to support instructors and to help prepare students for the job. The text meets and exceeds the requirements for Fire Fighter I and II certification and satisfies the core competencies for operations level responders including the eight mission-specific responsibilities for first responders within the 2008 Edition of NFPA 472, Standard for Competence of Responders to Hazardous Materials/Weapons of Mass Destruction Incidents. Additionally, the material presented also exceeds the hazardous materials response requirements of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations provides in-depth coverage of: the properties and effects of hazardous materials and WMDs; how to calculate potential danger and initiate a response plan; selection, use, advantages, and disadvantages of personal protective equipment; performing mass and technical decontamination; performing evidence preservation and sampling; performing product control. Performing air monitoring and sampling; performing victim rescue and recovery; and responding to illicit laboratory incidents. Listen to a Podcast with Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations author Rob Schnepp to learn more about this training program!Rob discusses the NFPA 472 standard, changes in responder training operations, and the importance of writing a "street smart" textbook. To listen now, visit: http://d2jw81rkebrcvk.cloudfront.net/assets.multimedia/audio/HazMat.mp3.
Handbook Of International Electrical Safety Practices
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Author : Princeton Energy Resources International
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2011-01-06
Handbook Of International Electrical Safety Practices written by Princeton Energy Resources International and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-01-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
A valuable and comprehensive safety reference for any organization working with or around electricity. This comprehensive guide informs working professionals in multiple industries, such as manufacturing, processing, or energy, about safety procedures that should be used on the job. It informs the reader about the hazards in the work place and what to do to make sure he/she is protected. The Handbook of International Electrical Safety Practices presents readers with the proper organizational skills needed to avoid hazardous injuries, details environmental monitoring techniques, and discusses how to ensure that proper protection is used on the job. The authors cover not only obvious electrical safety considerations, such as exposed wires and evacuation plans, but everything related to electrical safety, such as air quality, sound level, and radiation. This reference provides the most comprehensive coverage for any company to keep employees informed and to keep their work environment safe. The Handbook of International Electrical Safety Practices: Contains working plans and templates for evaluating safety proceduresand conditions in the plant Covers common hazards and how to avoid them, such as radiation, noise, air quality, fire, and electric shock Gives a comprehensive view of workers' rights and international regulations Goes beyond regulations and laws to provide a workable blueprint for creating a safe industrial environment
Risk Management Series Safe Rooms And Shelters Protecting People Against Terrorist Attacks
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: FEMA
Release Date :
Risk Management Series Safe Rooms And Shelters Protecting People Against Terrorist Attacks written by and has been published by FEMA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Prepare Today Survive Tomorrow
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Author : LG Wellington
language : en
Publisher: Blue Star Books
Release Date : 2014-04-01
Prepare Today Survive Tomorrow written by LG Wellington and has been published by Blue Star Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-01 with Social Science categories.
This book will introduce you to a wealth of information on emergency preparation, and will provide your family or organization with important strategies, insights, tips, guidelines, and lists on how to prepare for a disaster. Survival planning is nothing more than realizing a disaster could happen that would put everyone in a survival situation and, with that in mind, taking steps to increase your chances of survival. Although helping others is certainly meaningful, worthwhile, and in some cases, necessary, the main emphasis of all household or organization team members should be to purchase, gather, and store resources and supplies for your own team members. Everyone must be encouraged and expected to provide for themselves. We have been encouraged through religious, education, scientific, and government media to prepare for these future events.
Emergency Response Guidebook
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Author : U.S. Department of Transportation
language : en
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Release Date : 2013-06-03
Emergency Response Guidebook written by U.S. Department of Transportation and has been published by Simon and Schuster this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-03 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Does the identification number 60 indicate a toxic substance or a flammable solid, in the molten state at an elevated temperature? Does the identification number 1035 indicate ethane or butane? What is the difference between natural gas transmission pipelines and natural gas distribution pipelines? If you came upon an overturned truck on the highway that was leaking, would you be able to identify if it was hazardous and know what steps to take? Questions like these and more are answered in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Learn how to identify symbols for and vehicles carrying toxic, flammable, explosive, radioactive, or otherwise harmful substances and how to respond once an incident involving those substances has been identified. Always be prepared in situations that are unfamiliar and dangerous and know how to rectify them. Keeping this guide around at all times will ensure that, if you were to come upon a transportation situation involving hazardous substances or dangerous goods, you will be able to help keep others and yourself out of danger. With color-coded pages for quick and easy reference, this is the official manual used by first responders in the United States and Canada for transportation incidents involving dangerous goods or hazardous materials.