Terahertz Thz Mid Infrared Mir And Near Infrared Nir Technologies For Protection Of Critical Infrastructures Against Explosives And Cbrn
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Terahertz Thz Mid Infrared Mir And Near Infrared Nir Technologies For Protection Of Critical Infrastructures Against Explosives And Cbrn
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Author : Mauro Fernandes Pereira
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-04-30
Terahertz Thz Mid Infrared Mir And Near Infrared Nir Technologies For Protection Of Critical Infrastructures Against Explosives And Cbrn written by Mauro Fernandes Pereira and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-30 with Science categories.
Critical infrastructures are targets for terrorism and deliver a valuable vector through which the proliferation of CBRN and explosive precursors can be detected. Recent technological breakthroughs, notably in the field of near infrared (NIR), mid infrared (MIR), Terahertz (THz) and Gigahertz (GHz) sources and detectors, have led to rugged commercial devices, capable of standoff sensing a range of these dangerous substances. However, at the same time criminal and terrorist organizations have also benefited from the availability of technologies to increase the threat they pose to the security of citizens and a concerted effort is needed to improve early detection measures to identify activities, such as the production of homemade explosives or CBRN that can be potentially dangerous to society. The key global technological bottleneck to be overcome is the current lack of integration and networking of mature detection technology into early warning systems for critical infrastructures. Thus, this book brings together complementary information connecting the research of leading teams working on critical Infrastructure protection with academic developers and industrial producers of state of the art sensors.
Terahertz Technology
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Author : T. Anukiruthika
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2023-08-22
Terahertz Technology written by T. Anukiruthika and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-08-22 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Terahertz (THz) technology is an active area of research, but only in recent years has the application of THz waves (T waves) in food and agricultural industries been explored. Terahertz Technology: Principles and Applications in the Agri-Food Industry describes the operating principles of THz technology and discusses applications and advantages of the THz regime of the electromagnetic spectrum for use in the agri-food industry. The agri-food industry is focusing on the development of non-destructive quality evaluation techniques that can provide accurate analysis quickly and are environmentally friendly. Among such techniques is THz technology that provides a novel noninvasive approach to quality assessment and safety assurance of agri-food products. The low energy of T waves is best suited for the analysis of sensitive biomaterials and does not cause photoionization. Therefore, THz imaging is complementary to X-ray imaging. Although accessing the THz spectrum is tedious by conventional devices, the combination of optics and electronics principles has opened a dimension of research in this field. This book provides an overview of THz spectroscopy and imaging, system components, types of THz systems, and applications and advantages of THz for applications in the agri-food industry. It describes the basic working mechanism, operating principle, operation modes, and system components of THz spectroscopy and imaging. Various advancements in THz technology related to agricultural and food applications are discussed that could serve as a guidebook for all those working and interested in non-destructive food assessment techniques. Key Features: Explores broader applications of the THz regime in the agri-food sector Describes system components, different forms of THz systems, and the working principle of T waves for spectroscopic and imaging techniques Provides insights on future research needs for industrial implementation of THz technology Complements the knowledge of other existing non-destructive spectroscopy and imaging techniques for food analysis Although books on biomedical applications of THz have been published, no book is available that deals with applications in the agri-food industry. Hence, Terahertz Technology is beneficial for undergraduate and graduate students and those food industry professionals involved in research related to non-destructive quality assessment and imaging techniques.
Under An Ionized Sky
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Author : Elana Freeland
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018-03-06
Under An Ionized Sky written by Elana Freeland and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-06 with Nature categories.
Radio and micro waves are the next phase of ionizing our atmosphere to create the method to control human DNA.
Greening The Alliance
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Author : Simone Turchetti
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2018-12-17
Greening The Alliance written by Simone Turchetti and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-17 with Science categories.
Following the launch of Sputnik, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization became a prominent sponsor of scientific research in its member countries, a role it retained until the end of the Cold War. As NATO marks sixty years since the establishment of its Science Committee, the main organizational force promoting its science programs, Greening the Alliance is the first book to chart NATO’s scientific patronage—and the motivations behind it—from the organization’s early days to the dawn of the twenty-first century. Drawing on previously unseen documents from NATO’s own archives, Simone Turchetti reveals how its investments were rooted in the alliance’s defense and surveillance needs, needs that led it to establish a program prioritizing environmental studies. A long-overlooked and effective diplomacy exercise, NATO’s “greening” at one point constituted the organization’s chief conduit for negotiating problematic relations between allies. But while Greening the Alliance explores this surprising coevolution of environmental monitoring and surveillance, tales of science advisers issuing instructions to bomb oil spills with napalm or Dr. Strangelove–like experts eager to divert the path of hurricanes with atomic weapons make it clear: the coexistence of these forces has not always been harmonious. Reflecting on this rich, complicated legacy in light of contemporary global challenges like climate change, Turchetti offers both an eye-opening history of international politics and environmental studies and a thoughtful assessment of NATO’s future.
Terahertz And Mid Infrared Radiation Detection Of Explosives And Cbrn Using Terahertz
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Author : Mauro F. Pereira
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-04-03
Terahertz And Mid Infrared Radiation Detection Of Explosives And Cbrn Using Terahertz written by Mauro F. Pereira and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-03 with Science categories.
The reader will find here a timely update on new THz sources and detection schemes as well as concrete applications to the detection of Explosives and CBRN. Included is a method to identify hidden RDX-based explosives (pure and plastic ones) in the frequency domain study by Fourier Transformation, which has been complemented by the demonstration of improvement of the quality of the images captured commercially available THz passive cameras. The presented examples show large potential for the detection of small hidden objects at long distances (6-10 m). Complementing the results in the short-wavelength range, laser spectroscopy with a mid-infrared, room temperature, continuous wave, DFB laser diode and high performance DFB QCL have been demonstrated to offer excellent enabling sensor technologies for environmental monitoring, medical diagnostics, industrial and security applications. From the new source point of view a number of systems have been presented - From superconductors to semiconductors, e.g. Detection of Terahertz Waves from Superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ Intrinsic Josephson Junctions. The quest for a compact room temperature THz source and the recent advances in high power mid-IR QCLs lead to the development of a semiconductor THz source based on intracavity difference frequency generation. Furthermore, alternative electrically pumped THz sources based on the high emission efficiency predicted for polaritonic states in the ultra-strong coupling regime led to the demonstration of electroluminescent devices. Finally, antipolaritons in dispersive media were discussed and different aspects of the interaction of THz radiation with biomatter were presented.
Terahertz And Mid Infrared Radiation Detection Of Explosives And Cbrn Using Terahertz
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Author : Mauro F. Pereira
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-03-10
Terahertz And Mid Infrared Radiation Detection Of Explosives And Cbrn Using Terahertz written by Mauro F. Pereira and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-10 with Science categories.
The reader will find here a timely update on new THz sources and detection schemes as well as concrete applications to the detection of Explosives and CBRN. Included is a method to identify hidden RDX-based explosives (pure and plastic ones) in the frequency domain study by Fourier Transformation, which has been complemented by the demonstration of improvement of the quality of the images captured commercially available THz passive cameras. The presented examples show large potential for the detection of small hidden objects at long distances (6-10 m). Complementing the results in the short-wavelength range, laser spectroscopy with a mid-infrared, room temperature, continuous wave, DFB laser diode and high performance DFB QCL have been demonstrated to offer excellent enabling sensor technologies for environmental monitoring, medical diagnostics, industrial and security applications. From the new source point of view a number of systems have been presented - From superconductors to semiconductors, e.g. Detection of Terahertz Waves from Superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ Intrinsic Josephson Junctions. The quest for a compact room temperature THz source and the recent advances in high power mid-IR QCLs lead to the development of a semiconductor THz source based on intracavity difference frequency generation. Furthermore, alternative electrically pumped THz sources based on the high emission efficiency predicted for polaritonic states in the ultra-strong coupling regime led to the demonstration of electroluminescent devices. Finally, antipolaritons in dispersive media were discussed and different aspects of the interaction of THz radiation with biomatter were presented.
Strengthening Forensic Science In The United States
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2009-07-29
Strengthening Forensic Science In The United States written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-07-29 with Law categories.
Scores of talented and dedicated people serve the forensic science community, performing vitally important work. However, they are often constrained by lack of adequate resources, sound policies, and national support. It is clear that change and advancements, both systematic and scientific, are needed in a number of forensic science disciplines to ensure the reliability of work, establish enforceable standards, and promote best practices with consistent application. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward provides a detailed plan for addressing these needs and suggests the creation of a new government entity, the National Institute of Forensic Science, to establish and enforce standards within the forensic science community. The benefits of improving and regulating the forensic science disciplines are clear: assisting law enforcement officials, enhancing homeland security, and reducing the risk of wrongful conviction and exoneration. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States gives a full account of what is needed to advance the forensic science disciplines, including upgrading of systems and organizational structures, better training, widespread adoption of uniform and enforceable best practices, and mandatory certification and accreditation programs. While this book provides an essential call-to-action for congress and policy makers, it also serves as a vital tool for law enforcement agencies, criminal prosecutors and attorneys, and forensic science educators.
Chemtrails Haarp And The Full Spectrum Dominance Of Planet Earth
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Author : Elana Freeland
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Chemtrails Haarp And The Full Spectrum Dominance Of Planet Earth written by Elana Freeland and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Soil chemistry categories.
The skies look strange and different. Scientists are discovering heavy metals in the soil. Chemtrails tells us why.
Terahertz And Mid Infrared Radiation
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Author : Mauro F. Pereira
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2011-02-26
Terahertz And Mid Infrared Radiation written by Mauro F. Pereira and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-02-26 with Science categories.
Terahertz (THz) and Mid-Infrared (MIR) radiation (TERA-MIR) can be transmitted through nearly any material without causing biological harm. Novel and rapid methods of detection can be created with devices operation in these spectral ranges allowing scanning for weapons, detecting hidden explosives (including plastic landmines), controlling the quality of food and a host of other exciting applications. This book focuses on mathematical and physical aspects of the field, on unifying these two spectral domains (THz and MIR) with regard to common sources, detectors, materials and applications, and on key interdisciplinary topics. The main THz and MIR source is the quantum cascade laser (QCL). Thus significant attention is paid to the challenge of turning this advanced technology into affordable commercial devices so as to exploit its enormous potential. However other alternatives to THz QCLs are also presented, e.g. sub-terahertz imaging from avalanching GaAs bipolar transistors, Josephson junctions as THz sources, semiconductor materials for pulsed THz sources, superconducting THz electronics with Josephson vortices. In summary this book delivers a global picture of the state of the art in TERA-MIR generation, detection and applications.
Thz For Cbrn And Explosives Detection And Diagnosis
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Author : Mauro F. Pereira
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-08-02
Thz For Cbrn And Explosives Detection And Diagnosis written by Mauro F. Pereira and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-08-02 with Science categories.
This work is intended to jointly address the development, realization and applications of emitters and detectors of terahertz (THz-0.3 THz up to 10 THz) and their application to diagnostics of CBRN effects and detection of explosives and CBRN. Hazardous substances typically exhibit rotational and vibrational transitions in this region, hence giving access to spectroscopic analysis of a large variety of molecules which play a key role in security as well as various other areas, e.g. air pollution, climate research, industrial process control, agriculture, food industry, workplace safety and medical diagnostics can be monitored by sensing and identifying them via THz (0.3 to 10 THz) and mid infrared (MIR-10 THz to 100 THz) absorption “finger prints”. Most plastics, textiles and paper are nearly transparent for THz radiation.