Thawing Permafrost
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Thawing Permafrost
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Author : J. van Huissteden
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-01-01
Thawing Permafrost written by J. van Huissteden and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-01 with Science categories.
This book provides a cross-disciplinary overview of permafrost and the carbon cycle by providing an introduction into the geographical distribution of permafrost, with a focus on the distribution of permafrost and its soil carbon reservoirs. The chapters explain the basic physical properties and processes of permafrost soils: ice, mineral and organic components, and how these interact with climate, vegetation and geomorphological processes. In particular, the book covers the role of the large quantities of ice in many permafrost soils which are crucial to understanding carbon cycle processes. An explanation is given on how permafrost becomes loaded with ice and carbon. Gas hydrates are also introduced. Structures and processes formed by the intense freeze-thaw action in the active layer are considered (e.g. ice wedging, cryoturbation), and the processes that occur as the permafrost thaws, (pond and lake formation, erosion). The book introduces soil carbon accumulation and decomposition mechanisms and how these are modified in a permafrost environment. A separate chapter deals with deep permafrost carbon, gas reservoirs and recently discovered methane emission phenomena from regions such as Northwest Siberia and the Siberian yedoma permafrost.
Permafrost And Related Engineering Problems In Alaska
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Author : Oscar John Ferrians
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1969
Permafrost And Related Engineering Problems In Alaska written by Oscar John Ferrians and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1969 with Engineering geology categories.
Earth Ice Bone Blood
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Author : Charlotte Wrigley
language : en
Publisher: U of Minnesota Press
Release Date : 2023-04-04
Earth Ice Bone Blood written by Charlotte Wrigley and has been published by U of Minnesota Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-04-04 with Science categories.
Exploring one of the greatest potential contributors to climate change—thawing permafrost—and the anxiety of extinction on an increasingly hostile planet Climate scientists point to permafrost as a “ticking time bomb” for the planet, and from the Arctic, apocalyptic narratives proliferate on the devastating effects permafrost thaw poses to human survival. In Earth, Ice, Bone, Blood, Charlotte Wrigley considers how permafrost—and its disappearance—redefines extinction to be a lack of continuity, both material and social, and something that affects not only life on earth but nonlife, too. Earth, Ice, Bone, Blood approaches the topic of thawing permafrost and the wild new economies and mitigation strategies forming in the far north through a study of the Sakha Republic, Russia’s largest region, and its capital city Yakutsk, which is the coldest city in the world and built on permafrost. Wrigley examines people who are creating commerce out of thawing permafrost, including scientists wishing to recreate the prehistoric “Mammoth steppe” ecosystem by eventually rewilding resurrected woolly mammoths, Indigenous people who forage the tundra for exposed mammoth bodies to sell their tusks, and government officials hoping to keep their city standing as the ground collapses under it. Warming begets thawing begets economic activity— and as a result, permafrost becomes discontinuous, both as land and as a social category, in ways that have implications for the entire planet. Discontinuity, Wrigley shows, eventually evolves into extinction. Offering a new way of defining extinction through the concept of “discontinuity,” Earth, Ice, Bone, Blood presents a meditative and story-focused engagement with permafrost as more than just frozen ground.
Opportunities To Use Remote Sensing In Understanding Permafrost And Related Ecological Characteristics
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2014-06-04
Opportunities To Use Remote Sensing In Understanding Permafrost And Related Ecological Characteristics written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-04 with Science categories.
Permafrost is a thermal condition -- its formation, persistence and disappearance are highly dependent on climate. General circulation models predict that, for a doubling of atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide, mean annual air temperatures may rise up to several degrees over much of the Arctic. In the discontinuous permafrost region, where ground temperatures are within 1-2 degrees of thawing, permafrost will likely ultimately disappear as a result of ground thermal changes associated with global climate warming. Where ground ice contents are high, permafrost degradation will have associated physical impacts. Permafrost thaw stands to have wide-ranging impacts, such as the draining and drying of the tundra, erosion of riverbanks and coastline, and destabilization of infrastructure (roads, airports, buildings, etc.), and including potential implications for ecosystems and the carbon cycle in the high latitudes. Opportunities to Use Remote Sensing in Understanding Permafrost and Related Ecological Characteristics is the summary of a workshop convened by the National Research Council to explore opportunities for using remote sensing to advance our understanding of permafrost status and trends and the impacts of permafrost change, especially on ecosystems and the carbon cycle in the high latitudes. The workshop brought together experts from the remote sensing community with permafrost and ecosystem scientists. The workshop discussions articulated gaps in current understanding and potential opportunities to harness remote sensing techniques to better understand permafrost, permafrost change, and implications for ecosystems in permafrost areas. This report addresses questions such as how remote sensing might be used in innovative ways, how it might enhance our ability to document long-term trends, and whether it is possible to integrate remote sensing products with the ground-based observations and assimilate them into advanced Arctic system models. Additionally, the report considers the expectations of the quality and spatial and temporal resolution possible through such approaches, and the prototype sensors that are available that could be used for detailed ground calibration of permafrost/high latitude carbon cycle studies.
Settlement Of A Pipeline On Thawing Permafrost
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Author : Andrew Clennel Palmer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1971
Settlement Of A Pipeline On Thawing Permafrost written by Andrew Clennel Palmer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1971 with Frozen ground categories.
Permafrost
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Author : Frederick J. Sanger
language : en
Publisher: National Academies
Release Date : 1978-01-01
Permafrost written by Frederick J. Sanger and has been published by National Academies this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978-01-01 with Science categories.
Organic Matter Stored In Ice Rich Permafrost
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Author : Loeka Laura Jongejans
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022*
Organic Matter Stored In Ice Rich Permafrost written by Loeka Laura Jongejans and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022* with categories.
The Arctic is changing rapidly and permafrost is thawing. Especially ice-rich permafrost, such as the late Pleistocene Yedoma, is vulnerable to rapid and deep thaw processes such as surface subsidence after the melting of ground ice. Due to permafrost thaw, the permafrost carbon pool is becoming increasingly accessible to microbes, leading to increased greenhouse gas emissions, which enhances the climate warming. The assessment of the molecular structure and biodegradability of permafrost organic matter (OM) is highly needed. My research revolves around the question “how does permafrost thaw affect its OM storage?” More specifically, I assessed (1) how molecular biomarkers can be applied to characterize permafrost OM, (2) greenhouse gas production rates from thawing permafrost, and (3) the quality of OM of frozen and (previously) thawed sediments. I studied deep (max. 55 m) Yedoma and thawed Yedoma permafrost sediments from Yakutia (Sakha Republic). I analyzed sediment cores taken below thermokarst lakes on the Bykovsky Peninsula ...
Thawing Time Capsule
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Author : Jimmy Welch
language : en
Publisher: Independently Published
Release Date : 2024-01-21
Thawing Time Capsule written by Jimmy Welch and has been published by Independently Published this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-01-21 with Science categories.
Embark on an unprecedented journey into the heart of a world frozen in time, where the secrets of millennia are awakening, and the future of humanity hangs in the balance. In "Thawing Time: Unveiling the Mysteries of Arctic Permafrost," the chilling reality beneath the surface is brought to life, inviting you to explore a realm where ancient viruses, dormant for thousands of years, may be poised to reshape our world. From the gripping tale of Jean-Michel Claverie, the relentless virus hunter unearthing 'zombie' pathogens, to the startling revelations of permafrost as a time capsule holding both wonders and dangers, this book is a riveting odyssey through the Arctic's icy embrace. Feel the urgency as Arctic warming accelerates the thaw, releasing perils ranging from chemical and radioactive waste to Methuselah microorganisms with unknown consequences. Uncover the threads that connect our past with the present, as traces of human-infecting viruses and bacteria emerge from the frozen abyss. The haunting echoes of anthrax outbreaks and other chilling precedents serve as harbingers of a potential crisis that transcends time. As the narrative unfolds, navigate the challenges of viral spillover and the enigmatic 'Methuselah microorganisms, ' shrouded in mystery. Yet, in the face of these uncertainties, "Thawing Time" does more than reveal the threats-it illuminates the path forward. Delve into cutting-edge research on hazards lurking in permafrost, dissect the timing, depth, and speed of permafrost thaw, and confront the unknown future that awaits. This book goes beyond viruses, uncovering hazards encased in ice, linking permafrost thaw to the broader climate crisis. As the pages turn, the urgency of preserving permafrost becomes palpable. "Thawing Time" concludes with a powerful call to action, imploring readers to become custodians of our planet's frozen legacy. The narrative transcends science and academia, becoming a rallying cry for environmental stewardship, sustainable practices, and global collaboration. Dive into "Thawing Time" and experience the thrill of unraveling the mysteries hidden beneath the icy surface. This is more than a book-it's an immersive exploration that will leave you questioning, reflecting, and ultimately, inspired to safeguard the delicate balance between nature and humanity. The thawing time is now, and the choice is ours: Will we preserve the frozen world beneath for future generations, or allow its mysteries to slip away forever? The answer lies in your hands.
Thawing Permafrost And Land Atmosphere Interactions Of Boreal Forest Wetland Landscapes In Northwestern Canada
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Author : Manuel Helbig
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Thawing Permafrost And Land Atmosphere Interactions Of Boreal Forest Wetland Landscapes In Northwestern Canada written by Manuel Helbig and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
Boreal forests store large amounts of organic carbon and are an important component of the regional and global climate systems. Climate and land surface are closely coupled through the land-atmosphere exchange of greenhouse gases, such as CO2 and CH4, and of energy and water vapor. In lowlands of the North American sporadic permafrost region, thaw-induced surface subsidence leads to expansion of permafrost-free wetlands at the expense of boreal forests underlain by permafrost. However, the spatial extent of these land cover changes and their implications for land-atmosphere interactions are unknown. In this study, I analyze eddy covariance flux measurements from an organic-rich boreal forest-wetland landscape in the southern Taiga Plains, NT, Canada. I combine these measurements with flux footprint modeling, satellite remote sensing data, paleoecological records, and downscaled climate projections to characterize how thaw-induced land cover change affects land-atmosphere interactions and climate. In the Taiga Plains ecozone, thaw-induced boreal forest loss currently transforms the composition and structure of the boreal zone in North America and is of equal importance for tree cover dynamics as wildfire disturbance. Forest loss modifies landatmosphere energy fluxes through changes in aerodynamic and ecophysiological land surface properties. On the one hand, increasing albedo decreases total turbulent energy fluxes (i.e., sensible (H) and latent heat (LE) flux), and on the other hand decreasing surface roughness and increasing wetness enhances LE at the expense of H. The resulting maximum summer air temperatures and humidity would be substantially colder (1-2 C) and wetter (2 mmol mol-1) in a hypothetical permafrost-free wetland landscape, as indicated by planetary boundary layer model simulations. In contrast to the regional biophysical climate cooling impact of thaw-induced land cover change, wetland expansion and related increases in landscape CH4 emissions induce a net global biogeochemical climate warming impact. At the current rate of wetland expansion in the southern Taiga Plains of 0.26 % yr-1, landscape CH4 emissions increase by 0.034 g CH4 m-2 yr-1. Typical rates of long-term net CO2 uptake in these landscapes are too small to neutralize the associated climate warming effect until the end of the 21st century. The rapidly thawing boreal forest-wetland landscape still acts as a net CO2 sink taking up 74 g CO2 m-2 yr-1. Wetland expansion does not affect landscape-level net CO2 uptake as changes in gross primary productivity (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER) are of similar magnitude. The negligible thaw-induced effects on net CO2 fluxes are contrasted by larger direct climate change impacts of warming air temperatures and reduced incoming shortwave radiation. For a high warming scenario (RCP8.5), increases in modeled ER outpace the increasing GPP significantly. For a moderate warming scenario (RCP4.5), ER and GPP increase are of similar magnitude. Thaw-induced land cover change in the Taiga Plains causes thus biophysical and biogeochemical climate impacts of opposite sign and at contrasting scales of impacts (regional vs. global). In an increasingly warmer climate, thawing permafrost alters how boreal landscapes interact with climate highlighting the need to incorporate thaw-induced land cover changes into global Earth system models.
Once Upon The Permafrost
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Author : Susan Alexandra Crate
language : en
Publisher: Critical Green Engagements: In
Release Date : 2021-11-30
Once Upon The Permafrost written by Susan Alexandra Crate and has been published by Critical Green Engagements: In this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-30 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
Once Upon the Permafrost is a longitudinal climate ethnography about "knowing" a specific culture and the ecosystem that culture physically and spiritually depends on in the twenty-first-century context of climate change. Through careful integration of contemporary narratives, on-site observations, and document analysis, Susan Alexandra Crate shows how local understandings of change and the vernacular knowledge systems they are founded on provide critical information for interdisciplinary collaboration and effective policy prescriptions.