The Age Of Electroacoustics
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The Age Of Electroacoustics
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Author : Roland Wittje
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2016-11-11
The Age Of Electroacoustics written by Roland Wittje and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-11-11 with Science categories.
The transformation of acoustics into electro-acoustics, a field at the intersection of science and technology, guided by electrical engineering, industry, and the military. At the end of the nineteenth century, acoustics was a science of musical sounds; the musically trained ear was the ultimate reference. Just a few decades into the twentieth century, acoustics had undergone a transformation from a scientific field based on the understanding of classical music to one guided by electrical engineering, with industrial and military applications. In this book, Roland Wittje traces this transition, from the late nineteenth-century work of Hermann Helmholtz to the militarized research of World War I and media technology in the 1930s. Wittje shows that physics in the early twentieth century was not only about relativity and atomic structure but encompassed a range of experimental, applied, and industrial research fields. The emergence of technical acoustics and electroacoustics illustrates a scientific field at the intersection of science and technology. Wittje starts with Helmholtz's and Rayleigh's work and its intersection with telegraphy and early wireless, and continues with the industrialization of acoustics during World War I, when sound measurement was automated and electrical engineering and radio took over the concept of noise. Researchers no longer appealed to the musically trained ear to understand sound but to the thinking and practices of electrical engineering. Finally, Wittje covers the demilitarization of acoustics during the Weimar Republic and its remilitarization at the beginning of the Third Reich. He shows how technical acoustics fit well with the Nazi dismissal of pure science, representing everything that “German Physics” under National Socialism should be: experimental, applied, and relevant to the military.
Acoustics And Electroacoustics
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Author : Mario Rossi
language : en
Publisher: Artech House Publishers
Release Date : 1988
Acoustics And Electroacoustics written by Mario Rossi and has been published by Artech House Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Science categories.
Translation of a French textbook published in 1986 (Presses Polytechniques Romandes, Switzerland). Takes a practical approach to describe fundamentals, sound theory, propagation media and systems, analogies of mechanical and acoustical circuits, and modern methods of designing electroacoustic transd
Theory Of Electroacoustics
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Author : Josef Merhaut
language : en
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Companies
Release Date : 1981
Theory Of Electroacoustics written by Josef Merhaut and has been published by McGraw-Hill Companies this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with Science categories.
Electroacoustical Reference Data
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Author : John Eargle
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1995-05-01
Electroacoustical Reference Data written by John Eargle and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-05-01 with Science categories.
The need for a general collection of electroacoustical reference and design data in graphical form has been felt by acousticians and engineers for some time. This type of data can otherwise only be found in a collection of handbooks. Therefore, it is the author's intention that this book serve as a single source for many electroacoustical reference and system design requirements. In form, the volume closely resembles Frank Massa's Acoustic Design Charts, a handy book dating from 1942 that has long been out of print. The basic format of Massa's book has been followed here: For each entry, graphical data are presented on the right page, while text, examples, and refer ences appear on the left page. In this manner, the user can solve a given problem without thumbing from one page to the next. All graphs and charts have been scaled for ease in data entry and reading. The book is divided into the following sections: A. General Acoustical Relationships. This section covers the behavior of sound transmis sion in reverberant and free fields, sound absorption and diffraction, and directional characteris tics of basic sound radiators. B. Loudspeakers. Loudspeakers are discussed in terms of basic relationships regarding cone excursion, sensitivity, efficiency, and directivity index, power ratings, and architectural layout. c. Microphones. The topics in this section include microphone sensitivity and noise rating, analysis of directional properties, stereo microphone array characteristics, proximity effects, and boundary conditions. D. Signal Transmission.
Electroacoustics
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Author : Mendel Kleiner
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2013-02-26
Electroacoustics written by Mendel Kleiner and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-26 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Electroacoustic devices such as microphones and loudspeakers are used everywhere from cars and mobile phones to homes, places of worship, and sports arenas. They are a key part of the modern communication society, helping to transmit information to our ears. A contemporary introduction to the subject, Electroacoustics explains the scientific and engineering principles behind the design of these sound transducers. It also examines the compromises that are necessary when designing transducers for use in the real world. Learn about Ultrasonic Transducers, Loudspeaker Enclosure Design, and More This accessible textbook book is based on the author’s extensive experience teaching electroacoustics to advanced graduate and graduate students. He uses the concept of electrical circuit analogies to help readers quickly grasp the fundamentals of acoustical and mechanical systems. The book covers both traditional electrodynamic audio and ultrasonic transducers and includes up-to-date material on arrays, planar transducers, loudspeaker enclosure design, and more. To meet the needs of a broad range of readers, the book also includes background material on room acoustics, electrical circuits, and electrical filters. Electroacoustic theory is explained in an easy-to-read style without resorting to matrix theory. Throughout, a wealth of illustrations and exercises make the ideas more concrete. Get a Solid Foundation in Electroacoustic Engineering Principles The book emphasizes multidisciplinary engineering principles, preparing students for the broad range of applications they may encounter in their research as well as later in their careers. The modern treatment of transducers also makes this a valuable reference for transducer designers, acoustical consultants, hobbyists, and anyone involved in electroacoustic design.
Tuning The World
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Author : Fanny Gribenski
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2023-01-26
Tuning The World written by Fanny Gribenski and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-26 with Music categories.
Tuning the World tells the unknown story of how the musical pitch A 440 became the global norm. Now commonly accepted as the point of reference for musicians in the Western world, A 440 hertz only became the standard pitch during an international conference held in 1939. The adoption of this norm was the result of decades of negotiations between countries, involving a diverse group of performers, composers, diplomats, physicists, and sound engineers. Although there is widespread awareness of the variability of musical pitches over time, as attested by the use of lower frequencies to perform early music repertoires, no study has fully explained the invention of our current concert pitch. In this book, Fanny Gribenski draws on a rich variety of previously unexplored archival sources and a unique combination of musicological perspectives, transnational history, and science studies to tell the unknown story of how A 440 became the global norm. Tuning the World demonstrates the aesthetic, scientific, industrial, and political contingencies underlying the construction of one of the most “natural” objects of contemporary musical performance and shows how this century-old effort was ultimately determined by the influence of a few powerful nations.
Electronic Inspirations
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Author : Jennifer Iverson
language : en
Publisher: New Cultural History of Music
Release Date : 2018-12-27
Electronic Inspirations written by Jennifer Iverson and has been published by New Cultural History of Music this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-27 with Music categories.
For a decimated post-war West Germany, the electronic music studio at the WDR radio in Cologne was a beacon of hope. Jennifer Iverson's Electronic Inspirations: Technologies of the Cold War Musical Avant-Garde traces the reclamation and repurposing of wartime machines, spaces, and discourses into the new sounds of the mid-century studio. In the 1950s, when technologies were plentiful and the need for reconstruction was great, West Germany began to rebuild its cultural prestige via aesthetic and technical advances. The studio's composers, collaborating with scientists and technicians, coaxed music from sine-tone oscillators, noise generators, band-pass filters, and magnetic tape. Together, they applied core tenets from information theory and phonetics, reclaiming military communication technologies as well as fascist propaganda broadcasting spaces. The electronic studio nurtured a revolutionary synthesis of science, technology, politics, and aesthetics. Its esoteric sounds transformed mid-century music and continue to reverberate today. Electronic music--echoing both cultural anxiety and promise--is a quintessential Cold War innovation.
Radiophilia
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Author : Carolyn Birdsall
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Release Date : 2023-08-24
Radiophilia written by Carolyn Birdsall and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-08-24 with Music categories.
A century ago, the emergence of radio, along with organized systems of broadcasting, sparked a global fascination with the 'wonder' of sound transmission and reception. The thrilling experience of tuning in to the live sounds of this new medium prompted strong affective responses in its listeners. This book introduces a new concept of radiophilia, defined as the attachment to, or even a love of radio. Treating radiophilia as a dynamic cultural phenomenon, it unpacks the various pleasures associated with radio and its sounds, the desire to discover and learn new things via radio, and efforts to record, re-experience, and share radio. Surveying 100 years of radio from early wireless through to digital audio formats like podcasting, the book engages in debates about fandom, audience participation, listening experience, material culture, and how media relate to affect and emotions.
Transforming Noise
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Author : Chen-Pang Yeang
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2023-10-30
Transforming Noise written by Chen-Pang Yeang and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-30 with categories.
Today, the concept of noise is employed to characterize random fluctuations in general. Before the twentieth century, however, noise only meant disturbing sounds. In the 1900s-50s, noise underwent a conceptual transformation from unwanted sounds that needed to be domesticated into a synonym for errors and deviations to be now used as all kinds of signals and information. Transforming Noise examines the historical origin of modern attempts to understand, control, and use noise. Its history sheds light on the interactions between physics, mathematics, mechanical technology, electrical engineering, and information and data sciences in the twentieth century. This book explores the process of engineers and physicists turning noise into an informational concept, starting from the rise of sound reproduction technologies such as the phonograph, telephone, and radio in the 1900s-20s until the theory of Brownian motions for random fluctuations and its application in thermionic tubes of telecommunication systems. These processes produced different theoretical treatments of noise in the 1920s-30s, such as statistical physicists' studies of Brownian fluctuations' temporal evolution, radio engineers' spectral analysis of atmospheric disturbances, and mathematicians' measure-theoretic formulation. Finally, it discusses the period during and after World War II and how researchers have worked on military projects of radar, gunfire control, and secret communications and converted the interwar theoretical studies of noise into tools for statistical detection, estimation, prediction, and information transmission. To physicists, mathematicians, electrical engineers, and computer scientists, this book offers a historical perspective on themes highly relevant in today's science and technology, ranging from Wi-Fi and big data to quantum information and self-organization. This book also appeals to environmental and art historians to modern music scholars as the history of noise constitutes a unique angle to study sound and society. Finally, to researchers in media studies and digital cultures, Transforming Noise demonstrates the deep technoscientific historicity of certain notions - information, channel, noise, equivocation - they have invoked to understand modern media and communication.
Science And Sound In Nineteenth Century Britain
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Author : Edward J. Gillin
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2023-12-22
Science And Sound In Nineteenth Century Britain written by Edward J. Gillin and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-22 with History categories.
Sound and Science in Nineteenth-Century Britain is a four-volume set of primary sources which seeks to define our historical understanding of the relationship between British scientific knowledge and sound between 1815 and 1900. In the context of rapid urbanization and industrialization, as well as a growing overseas empire, Britain was home to a rich scientific culture in which the ear was as valuable an organ as the eye for examining nature. Experiments on how sound behaved informed new understandings of how a diverse array of natural phenomena operated, notably those of heat, light, and electro-magnetism. In nineteenth-century Britain, sound was not just a phenomenon to be studied, but central to the practice of science itself and broader understandings over nature and the universe. This collection, accompanied by extensive editorial commentary, will be of great interest to students and scholars of the History of Science.