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The Andean Cocaine Industry

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The Andean Cocaine Industry

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Author : P. Clawson
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-04-30

The Andean Cocaine Industry written by P. Clawson and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-30 with Political Science categories.

It is commonly known that the Andean nations of Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia are the international centers of cocaine production. But until now, there has been no comprehensive view of this billion dollar industry. Using never-before unearthed information culled from their extensive field research, Patrick Clawson and Rensselaer Lee reveal the configuration of the drug industry, from the original cultivation of coca in the fields of South America to the sale of cocaine on the streets of the United States. The authors analyze the economic and political impact of the drug business on the Andean nations, including such problems as violence and the undermining of legitimate business. Through the ground-breaking work of Clawson and Lee, The Andean Cocaine Industry illuminates one of the most pervasive problems facing the world today.

The Andean Cocaine Industry

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Author : P. Clawson
language : en
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan
Release Date : 1996-08-12

The Andean Cocaine Industry written by P. Clawson and has been published by Palgrave Macmillan this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-08-12 with Political Science categories.

Andean Cocaine

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Author : Paul Gootenberg
language : en
Publisher: Univ of North Carolina Press
Release Date : 2009-06-01

Andean Cocaine written by Paul Gootenberg and has been published by Univ of North Carolina Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-06-01 with History categories.

Illuminating a hidden and fascinating chapter in the history of globalization, Paul Gootenberg chronicles the rise of one of the most spectacular and now illegal Latin American exports: cocaine. Gootenberg traces cocaine's history from its origins as a medical commodity in the nineteenth century to its repression during the early twentieth century and its dramatic reemergence as an illicit good after World War II. Connecting the story of the drug's transformations is a host of people, products, and processes: Sigmund Freud, Coca-Cola, and Pablo Escobar all make appearances, exemplifying the global influences that have shaped the history of cocaine. But Gootenberg decenters the familiar story to uncover the roles played by hitherto obscure but vital Andean actors as well--for example, the Peruvian pharmacist who developed the techniques for refining cocaine on an industrial scale and the creators of the original drug-smuggling networks that decades later would be taken over by Colombian traffickers. Andean Cocaine proves indispensable to understanding one of the most vexing social dilemmas of the late twentieth-century Americas: the American cocaine epidemic of the 1980s and, in its wake, the seemingly endless U.S. drug war in the Andes.

Cocaine Production In The Andes

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Author : United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Narcotics Abuse and Control
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989

Cocaine Production In The Andes written by United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Narcotics Abuse and Control and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Cocaine industry categories.

The Andean Cocaine Industry

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Author : Vanessa Barclay
language : fr
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998

The Andean Cocaine Industry written by Vanessa Barclay and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with categories.

Coca And Cocaine In The Andes

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Author : Robert Mihelli
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2003-11-28

Coca And Cocaine In The Andes written by Robert Mihelli and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-11-28 with Business & Economics categories.

Seminar paper from the year 2002 in the subject Geography / Earth Science - Economic Geography, grade: 1,2 (A+), RWTH Aachen University (Geography Institute), 15 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: Andean farmers have good financial reasons for continuing to grow coca, and it is unlikely that theeconomic equation can be substantially altered. Cocaine is as cheap and plentiful as ever on U.S.streets, the biggest market for cocaine; the State Department estimates that 1999 coca productionincreased. The current U.S. retail cocaine market is somewhere between $30 billion and $150 billion. Efforts at interdiction and crop substitution have failed, the former because the amounts of cocaineimported are so large that seizures have little overall impact, the latter both because alternative cropsare intrinsically less lucrative and because there is no infrastructure to bring such crops to market. TheU.S. General Accounting Office report to Congress argued that crop substitution was unlikely tosucceed, and the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration has calculated the cost of raw coca as makingup less than 1 percent of the retail cost of refined cocaine in the U.S. The latter statistic means thattraffickers could easily afford to increase what they pay for raw coca if a shortage occurred, therebystimulating production. In order to explain why the andean Countries prefer to grow coca, it is important to understand that thecoca plant is a part of the culture, as history shows and there is a difference between the existence ofcoca and cocaine. The usage and the production of the coca plant changed in the last hundred years,and the monocultural development carry tremendous illegal capacities. But on the other hand, it isoriginally a cultural heritage. To explain this issue one must know where it is cultivated, why and whatproblems it causes for the Andean Countries, and not only for these countries, but on a globalscale.

Mountain High White Avalanche

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Author : Scott B. MacDonald
language : en
Publisher: Praeger
Release Date : 1989-06

Mountain High White Avalanche written by Scott B. MacDonald and has been published by Praeger this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989-06 with Education categories.

The Latin Amnerican drug trade has become one of the major problems confronting the United States in the late twentieth century. The key dynamic of that trade is cocaine, which is primarily produced in the Andean nations of Bolivia, Colombia, and Peru. The cocaine trade's influence, however, has spread outwards into other Andean states--Chile, Ecuador, and Venezuela. Moreover, countries on the Andean periphery, such as Panama, have become enmeshed in the trade as transit points and money-lanudering centers. This book examines the cocaine trade in the Andean states and Panana with a special emphasis given to the relationship between cocaine and power. MacDonald examines the linkages between the political and economic power of those in the cocaine trade, the narcotraficantes, and the governments in the region. Important parts of this issue are the drug-insurgency nexus and the significance of the debt crisis. Although the book concentrates on the structure of the cocaine industry in the Andean states and Panama, the final chapters offer policy options on how to contend with the problem.

Illegal Drugs Economy And Society In The Andes

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Author : Francisco E. Thoumi
language : en
Publisher: Woodrow Wilson Center Press
Release Date : 2003

Illegal Drugs Economy And Society In The Andes written by Francisco E. Thoumi and has been published by Woodrow Wilson Center Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Business & Economics categories.

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Snowfields

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Author : Clare Hargreaves
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992

Snowfields written by Clare Hargreaves and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Social Science categories.

British journalist Hargreaves examines the cocaine industry in Bolivia, which has tripled since the US instigated drug-war against Colombians. She interviews dealers, growers, addicts, and officials of both the Bolivian and US government, and concludes that the trade must be stopped at the demand end, not the supply end. Paper edition (unseen), $16.95. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Crop Substitution In The Andes

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Author : Rensselaer W. Lee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993

Crop Substitution In The Andes written by Rensselaer W. Lee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Andes Region categories.

The Andean Cocaine Industry

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