The Atomic Nucleus As A Relativistic System
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The Atomic Nucleus As A Relativistic System
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Author : Lev N. Savushkin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
The Atomic Nucleus As A Relativistic System written by Lev N. Savushkin and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Science categories.
Relativity plays an important role in atomic nuclei, and, since the early 1970s, there has been increasing interest in, and literature on, the nucleus as a relativistic system. In fact, the relativistic treatment provides a powerful method to describe nuclear structure and reactions. It is thus an ideal time to collect and review the important landmarks in this book. Directed to advanced students and researchers, it explains both the underlying relativistic theory and compares predictions with actual experiments.
Exciting Interdisciplinary Physics
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Author : Walter Greiner
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2014-07-08
Exciting Interdisciplinary Physics written by Walter Greiner and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-08 with Science categories.
Nuclear physics is an exciting, broadly faceted field. It spans a wide range of topics, reaching from nuclear structure physics to high-energy physics, astrophysics and medical physics (heavy ion tumor therapy). New developments are presented in this volume and the status of research is reviewed. A major focus is put on nuclear structure physics, dealing with superheavy elements and with various forms of exotic nuclei: strange nuclei, very neutron rich nuclei, nuclei of antimatter. Also quantum electrodynamics of strong fields is addressed, which is linked to the occurrence of giant nuclear systems in, e.g., U+U collisions. At high energies nuclear physics joins with elementary particle physics. Various chapters address the theory of elementary matter at high densities and temperature, in particular the quark gluon plasma which is predicted by quantum chromodynamics (QCD) to occur in high-energy heavy ion collisions. In the field of nuclear astrophysics, the properties of neutron stars and quark stars are discussed. A topic which transcends nuclear physics is discussed in two chapters: The proposed pseudo-complex extension of Einstein's General Relativity leads to the prediction that there are no black holes and that big bang cosmology has to be revised. Finally, the interdisciplinary nature of this volume is further accentuated by chapters on protein folding and on magnetoreception in birds and many other animals.
Relativistic Collisions Of Structured Atomic Particles
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Author : Alexander Voitkiv
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-07-20
Relativistic Collisions Of Structured Atomic Particles written by Alexander Voitkiv and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-07-20 with Science categories.
During the last two decades the explorations of di?erent processes accom- nyingion–atom collisions athigh-impactenergieshavebeenasubjectofmuch interest. This interest was generated not only by the advent of accelerators of relativistic heavy ions which enabled one to investigate these collisions in an experiment and possible applications of obtained results in other ?elds of physics, but also by the variety of physical mechanisms underlying the atomic collisional phenomena at high impact energies. Often highly charged projectiles produced at accelerators of heavy ions are not fully stripped ions but carry one or more very tightly bound el- trons. In collisions with atomic targets, these electrons can be excited or lost and this may occur simultaneously with electronic transitions in the target. The present book concentrates on, and may serve as an introduction to, th- retical methods which are used to describe the projectile–electron transitions occurringinhigh-energycollisionsbetweenionsandneutralatoms.Special- tention is given to relativistic impact energies and highly charged projectiles. Experimental results are used merely as illustrations and tests for theory. This book will be useful to graduate students and professional scientists who are interested in studying atomic collisions occurring at high-impact - ergies. It assumes that the reader possesses the basic knowledge in classical electrodynamics and nonrelativistic and relativistic quantum mechanics.
The Atomic Nucleus
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Author : Robley Dunglison Evans
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1955
The Atomic Nucleus written by Robley Dunglison Evans and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1955 with Science categories.
Glossary of principal symbols
The Effects Of Relativity In Atoms Molecules And The Solid State
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Author : Stephen Wilson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
The Effects Of Relativity In Atoms Molecules And The Solid State written by Stephen Wilson and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Recent years have seen a growing interest in the effects of relativity in atoms, molecules and solids. On the one hand, this can be seen as result of the growing awareness of the importance of relativity in describing the properties of heavy atoms and systems containing them. This has been fueled by the inadequacy of physical models which either neglect relativity or which treat it as a small perturbation. On the other hand, it is dependent upon the technological developments which have resulted in computers powerful enough to make calculations on heavy atoms and on systems containing heavy atoms meaningful. Vector processing and, more recently, parallel processing techniques are playing an increasingly vital role in rendering the algorithms which arise in relativistic studies tractable. This has been exemplified in atomic structure theory, where the dominant role of the central nuclear charge simplifies the problem enough to permit some prediction to be made with high precision, especially for the highly ionized atoms of importance in plasma physics and in laser confinement studies. Today's sophisticated physical models of the atom derived from quantum electrodynamics would be intractable without recourse to modern computational machinery. Relativistic atomic structure calculations have a history dating from the early attempts of Swirles in the mid 1930's but continue to provide one of the primary test beds of modern theoretical physics.
New Horizons In Fundamental Physics
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Author : Stefan Schramm
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-11-11
New Horizons In Fundamental Physics written by Stefan Schramm and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-11-11 with Science categories.
This volume presents the state-of-the-art in selected topics across modern nuclear physics, covering fields of central importance to research and illustrating their connection to many different areas of physics. It describes recent progress in the study of superheavy and exotic nuclei, which is pushing our knowledge to ever heavier elements and neutron-richer isotopes. Extending nuclear physics to systems that are many times denser than even the core of an atomic nucleus, one enters the realm of the physics of neutron stars and possibly quark stars, a topic that is intensively investigated with many ground-based and outer-space research missions as well as numerous theoretical works. By colliding two nuclei at very high ultra-relativistic energies one can create a fireball of extremely hot matter, reminiscent of the universe very shortly after the big bang, leading to a phase of melted hadrons and free quarks and gluons, the so-called quark-gluon plasma. These studies tie up with effects of crucial importance in other fields. During the collision of heavy ions, electric fields of extreme strength are produced, potentially destabilizing the vacuum of the atomic physics system, subsequently leading to the decay of the vacuum state and the emission of positrons. In neutron stars the ultra-dense matter might support extremely high magnetic fields, far beyond anything that can be produced in the laboratory, significantly affecting the stellar properties. At very high densities general relativity predicts the stellar collapse to a black hole. However, a number of current theoretical activities, modifying Einstein’s theory, point to possible alternative scenarios, where this collapse might be avoided. These and related topics are addressed in this book in a series of highly readable chapters. In addition, the book includes fundamental analyses of the practicalities involved in transiting to an electricity supply mainly based on renewable energies, investigating this scenario less from an engineering and more from a physics point of view. While the topics comprise a large scope of activities, the contributions also show an extensive overlap in the methodology and in the analytical and numerical tools involved in tackling these diverse research fields that are the forefront of modern science.
Relativistic Effects In The Spectra Of Atomic Systems
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Author : Leontiĭ Nakhimovich Labzovskiĭ
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1993
Relativistic Effects In The Spectra Of Atomic Systems written by Leontiĭ Nakhimovich Labzovskiĭ and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Atomic spectra categories.
Written by one of the field's leading researchers and his colleagues, this unique book presents an account of the relativistic theory of atomic spectra, based on the adiabatic S-matrix formalism of Gell-Mann and Low. Topics addressed are QED theory, applications of S-matrix QED calculations to energy levels, transition probabilities, parity non-conservation in spectra, influence of external fields on spectra and the overall theoretical background. Relativistic Effects in the Spectra of Atomic Systems will be an important book for theoreticians working in the area of many-electron systems and experimentalist working with optical properties of atoms and heavy ions, as well as being a valuable teaching text for graduate level students of these research methods.
Relativistic Density Functional For Nuclear Structure
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Author : Jie Meng
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2016-01-11
Relativistic Density Functional For Nuclear Structure written by Jie Meng and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-11 with Science categories.
This book aims to provide a detailed introduction to the state-of-the-art covariant density functional theory, which follows the Lorentz invariance from the very beginning and is able to describe nuclear many-body quantum systems microscopically and self-consistently. Covariant density functional theory was introduced in nuclear physics in the 1970s and has since been developed and used to describe the diversity of nuclear properties and phenomena with great success. In order to provide an advanced and updated textbook of covariant density functional theory for graduate students and nuclear physics researchers, this book summarizes the enormous amount of material that has accumulated in the field of covariant density functional theory over the last few decades as well as the latest developments in this area. Moreover, the book contains enough details for readers to follow the formalism and theoretical results, and provides exhaustive references to explore the research literature. Contents:Concept of Covariant Density Functional Theory (P Ring)Relativistic Mean-Field Theory (J Meng, P Ring and P W Zhao)Relativistic Mean Field Description of Exotic Nuclei (J Meng, P Ring, P W Zhao and S G Zhou)Relativistic Hartree–Fock–Bogoliubov Theory: Ground States and Excitations (W H Long, J Meng and N Van Giai)Superheavy Nuclei and Fission Barriers (B N Lu, J Zhao, E G Zhao and S G Zhou)Relativistic Symmetries in Nuclear Single-Particle Spectra (J Y Guo, H Z Liang, J Meng and S-G Zhou)Structure of Hypernuclei in Relativistic Approaches (K Hagino and J M Yao)Rotating Nuclei: From Ground State to the Extremes of Spin and Deformation (A V Afanasjev)Novel Rotational Excitations (J Meng, S Q Zhang and P W Zhao)Small Amplitude Motion (N Paar and Y Niu)Nuclear Shell Structure and Response with Quasiparticle-Vibration Coupling (E Litvinova and P Ring)Beyond the Relativistic Mean-Field Approximation — Collective Correlations (Z P Li, T Nikšić, D Vretenar and J M Yao)Heavy Element in Astrophysical Nucleosynthesis (B H Sun and Z M Niu)Relativistic Density Functional Theory for Finite Nuclei and Neutron Stars (J Piekarewicz)Relativistic Versus Non-Relativistic Mean Field (P-G Reinhard) Readership: Graduate students in nuclear physics, nuclear physicists; theoretical physicists interested in the study of quantum many body problems. Key Features:This book focuses on the covariant version of density functional theory, summarizes the latest developments as well as the enormous amount of material that has accumulated over the last few decades, and provides a comprehensive overview of its development and applications for nuclear structureThis book contains enough details for a beginner in nuclear physics to follow the formalism and theoretical results, and provides exhaustive references to explore the research literatureThe authors include all the experts in this field including many world-leading scientists from China, Europe, Japan, and United StatesKeywords:Covariant Density Functional Theory;Relativistic Mean-Field;Pairing Correlations;Exotic Nucleus;Hartree(–Fock)–Bogoliubov Theory;Relativistic Symmetries;Superheavy Nuclei;Fission;Hypernuclei;Well-Deformed and Superdeformed Rotational Excitation;Electric and Magnetic Rotation;Collective Excitations;Small Amplitude Motion;Quasiparticle-Vibration Coupling;Beyond Mean-Field Approximation;Astrophysical Nucleosynthesis;Neutron Star
Relativistic Nuclear Physics
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Author : L. S. Celenza
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company Incorporated
Release Date : 1986
Relativistic Nuclear Physics written by L. S. Celenza and has been published by World Scientific Publishing Company Incorporated this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Science categories.
The last decade has seen a revolution in how we think about nuclear structure. It has become clear that the nucleus is a relativistic system and that the motion of nucleons is best described by the Dirac equation. The book describes some of the successes achieved in the relativistic approach with an emphasis on parameter-free models.
From Nucleons To The Atomic Nucleus
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Author : Kris Heyde
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1998
From Nucleons To The Atomic Nucleus written by Kris Heyde and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Science categories.
This monograph originated from various lectures held by the author. It offers a concise overview of modern nuclear research, starting with a discussion of nucleon--nucleon interactions followed by nuclear structure and electromagnetic interactions. The text continues with an exploration of nuclear matter at high densities. The last chapters are devoted to the nucleus as a tiny laboratory where fundamental physical processes are to be investigated. Finally, the cosmic connection between nuclear and astrophysics is established. This short overview gives perspectives for further research at facilities worldwide and can serve as a source for lecturers and graduate students alike.