The Austro Prussian War
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The Austro Prussian War
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Author : Geoffrey Wawro
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1996
The Austro Prussian War written by Geoffrey Wawro and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with History categories.
This is a history of the Austro-Prussian-Italian War of 1866, which paved the way for German and Italian unification. It is based upon extensive new research in the state and military archives of Austria, Germany, and Italy. Geoffrey Wawro describes Prussia's successful invasion of Habsburg Venetia, and the wretched collapse of the Austrian army in July 1866. Although the book gives a thorough accounting of both the Prussian and Italian war efforts, it is most notable for the light it sheds on the Austrians. Through painstaking archival research, Wawro reconstructs the Austrian campaign, blow-by-blow, hour-by-hour. Blending military and social history, he describes the terror and panic that overtook Austria's regiments of the line in each clash with the Prussians. He reveals the unconscionable blundering of the Austrian commandant and his chief deputies who fumbled away key strategic advantages and ultimately lost a war - crucial to the fortunes of the Habsburg Monarchy - that most European pundits had predicted they would win.
The Austro Prussian War
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Author : Charles River Charles River Editors
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2018-04
The Austro Prussian War written by Charles River Charles River Editors and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04 with categories.
*Includes pictures *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading The most famous battle of the 19th century was undoubtedly Waterloo, and the biggest battle of the Napoleonic Wars was Leipzig, but neither one of those legendary battles was the biggest of the century. That distinction instead belongs to the Battle of Königgrätz, a little known, but decisive conflict in a war between Prussia and Austria. Though it lasted only seven weeks and only had one truly decisive battle, the Austro-Prussian War nonetheless changed the political outlook in Europe forever. Locked in a balance of power since the 1815 Congress of Vienna, the world was dominated by the great European powers of Britain, France, Russia, and Austria, and at the Congress of Vienna itself, Prussia had been a minor concern. Though the Prussians had come through in time to assist the Duke of Wellington at Waterloo, they were nevertheless taken for granted at the conference, with the major powers instead preferring to deal with the more historically powerful Austrian Hapsburgs. In his scathing commentary on Prussian culture, When Blood is Their Argument, Ford Maddox Ford attempted to explain the sudden rise of Prussian political and economic status from 1849-1880, writing, "She [Prussia] had pushed herself from being a bad second in the comity of Germanism into a position of equality with, if not of predominance over, Austria, amongst the German peoples." Prussian leaders, especially Otto von Bismarck, the chancellor and advisor to Prussia's king, believed Prussia could be a united and respected power, but only without the traditional Austrian dominance. At the time, the Austrian empire was a collection of ethnically diverse peoples and had been dominated by a socio-political conservatism that sought to keep the empire ruled in Hapsburg tradition. Though Prussia's leadership had its share of liberals and socialists to keep at bay, Prussia's relatively shorter history meant it was capable of change, and while Prussia's more ethnically unified population and its use of the Zollverein to exclude Austria from economic competition certainly played a role in the Prussians' victory, it took a seven-week military campaign to seal Austria's fate. Writing in 1872, the German General Staff (Grosser Generalstab) called the Austro-Prussian conflict a "necessity of the history of the world." Since Austria and Prussia were "each too strong to submit to the other," there would be, of necessity, a conflict between the two that allowed for the formation of a modern German state. Due to its short duration and the fact the war pit longstanding allies against one another, the war has alternately been known as the Seven Weeks' War and the Brothers War, but in the end, the Austro-Prussian War severely reduced Austria's status as a Germanic power and added territories to Prussia, resulting in a growth of population from 19 million to almost 24 million. Not only did the war vault Prussia to unquestioned leadership in the North German Confederation, it set a military precedent and proved "that preparation for war is a more potent factor than mere numbers in computing the strength of a nation." For military strategists and future combatants, the Austro-Prussian War was a precursor to a style of fighting which every major European power adopted in some form within a few years. The Austro-Prussian War: The History and Legacy of the Conflict that Resulted in Prussian Dominance over Germany looks at the short but momentous conflict and its geopolitical ramifications. Along with pictures of important people, places, and events, you will learn about the Austro-Prussian War like never before.
The Austro Prussian War And Franco Prussian War
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Author : Charles River Charles River Editors
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2018-09-14
The Austro Prussian War And Franco Prussian War written by Charles River Charles River Editors and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-14 with categories.
*Includes pictures *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading Locked in a balance of power since the 1815 Congress of Vienna, the world was dominated by the great European powers of Britain, France, Russia, and Austria, and at the Congress of Vienna itself, Prussia had been a minor concern. Though the Prussians had come through in time to assist the Duke of Wellington at Waterloo, they were nevertheless taken for granted at the conference, with the major powers instead preferring to deal with the more historically powerful Austrian Hapsburgs. In his scathing commentary on Prussian culture, When Blood is Their Argument, Ford Maddox Ford attempted to explain the sudden rise of Prussian political and economic status from 1849-1880, writing, "She [Prussia] had pushed herself from being a bad second in the comity of Germanism into a position of equality with, if not of predominance over, Austria, amongst the German peoples." Prussian leaders, especially Otto von Bismarck, the chancellor and advisor to Prussia's king, believed Prussia could be a united and respected power, but only without the traditional Austrian dominance. At the time, the Austrian empire was a collection of ethnically diverse peoples and had been dominated by a socio-political conservatism that sought to keep the empire ruled in Hapsburg tradition. After Prussia was victorious in the Austro-Prussian War, Bismarck played a waiting game where the unification of Germany was concerned, as the joining of the southern states - initially resistant to Prussian rule, friendly with Austria, and bent on independence - would have to be overcome. What was needed was "a clear case of French aggression" toward either Prussia or the southern states. Not only would such a move by Emperor Napoleon III trigger the terms of the treaty between the German states, but it would keep the remaining world powers out of the conflict. The Franco-Prussian War started in August 1870, and a number of victories followed for the Prussians in battles in northeast France. By September, the strategic city of Metz was under siege, and forces fought a major battle at Sedan. Led by Field Marshal Helmuth von Moltke, the Prussians forced the French to surrender at Metz, and then at Sedan. Emperor Napoleon III, commanding his country's forces at Sedan, was taken prisoner, humiliating France and its impetuous leader. The Prussians immediately marched on Paris, but the capital refused to submit, and a separate siege was mounted that ended up lasting 130 days. Obviously, French society was in tumult, but a Third Republic and Government of National Defence was pronounced in place of the French Empire. An uprising subsequently took place in the stricken city, dubbed the "Paris Commune," which sought to establish a radical alternative to the status quo and was itself put down by French troops. On January 18, 1871, King Wilhelm I was crowned Kaiser of the German Empire, and though the Franco-Prussian War was still taking place, this moment was essentially the point at which Germany was unified. The other German states had to agree to this profound constitutional change, but they acquiesced after the clear victory of the Prussian-led forces. German unification was the territorial expansion of Prussia by another name, but Berlin demonstrated it could protect the interests, or at least the safety, of German-speakers under their watch. Despite the campaigns of nationalists and liberals over the previous decades, it was ultimately a victory on the battlefield that united the German states. This was the real-world application of Bismarck's "Blood and Iron" concept. From this position of strength during war, Prussia achieved an unassailable position. During the relatively short wars of 1864, 1866, and 1870-71, Bismarck roused nationalist sentiment, and in so doing, he achieved the long awaited goal of German unification.
The Campaign Of K Niggr Tz
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Author : Arthur Lockwood Wagner
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1889
The Campaign Of K Niggr Tz written by Arthur Lockwood Wagner and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1889 with Königgrätz, Battle of, Sadová, Czech Republic, 1866 categories.
The Seven Weeks War
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Author : H. M. Hozier
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012-12
The Seven Weeks War written by H. M. Hozier and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12 with Austro-Prussian War, 1866 categories.
The creation of a new Europe in fire and blood Europe during the second half of the nineteenth century was in turmoil. Ancient empires sought to hold and consolidate their power, smaller states struggled to forge themselves into new nations and old enmities fanned the fires of conflict. The Seven Weeks War of 1866, the subject of this book, was also known as the Austro-Prussian War, the German War, the Unification War, the German Civil War and the Fraternal War-and when considered as part of the process which brought about the unification of Italy, the Third Independence War. A substantial confederation of German states under the influence of the Austrian empire fought Prussia supported by its own German allies and the kingdom of Italy. The outcome was a decisive victory for Prussia and Italy that ensured future Prussian dominance over the states of Germany; Austria's power over Italy was further destabilised by territorial gains achieved by Italy in Venetia. Eight significant battles on land and sea were fought between the 24th June and the 22nd July 1866. Koniggratz, fought on the 3rd July, 1866, was probably the most decisive Prussian victory and is the battle most remembered today, although 17 days later the Austrian fleet inflicted a significant defeat upon the Italian navy at Lissa. The Austro-German alliance acquitted itself well in battle but was significantly outnumbered by its opponents and suffered almost twice as many casualties. This book is a thorough and scholarly examination of this European war which was fought while the British Empire was preoccupied with consolidation of its territories or the fighting of comparatively small colonial wars. It was one of the earliest wars of the industrial age and will interest all those fascinated by the history of the creation of modern Europe. Leonaur editions are newly typeset and are not facsimiles; each title is available in softcover and hardback with dustjacket; our hardbacks are cloth bound and feature gold foil lettering on their spines and fabric head and tail bands.
The Austro Prussian War In Bohemia 1866 Otherwise Known As The Seven Weeks War Or Needle Gun War
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Author : John H. Anderson
language : en
Publisher: London : Rees 1908.
Release Date : 1908
The Austro Prussian War In Bohemia 1866 Otherwise Known As The Seven Weeks War Or Needle Gun War written by John H. Anderson and has been published by London : Rees 1908. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1908 with Austria categories.
Useful and reliable primer that was designed for use of Staff College students sitting exams in 1908, and as such gives a clear analytical account of this mid-19th century conflict. The Seven Weeks' War was the first war between two major continental powers in seven years, and used many of the same technologies as the American Civil War. The Prussian Army used von Dreyse's breech-loading needle gun, which could be rapidly loaded while the soldier was seeking cover on the ground, whereas the Austrian muzzleloading rifles could only be loaded slowly, and generally from a standing position. Superior Prussian organization and élan decided the battle against Austrian numerical superiority, the victory was near total, with Austrian battle deaths nearly seven times the Prussian figure. --
The Campaign Of K Niggr Tz A Study Of The Austro Prussian Conflict In The Light Of The American Civil War
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Author : Arthur Lockwood Wagner
language : en
Publisher: Library of Alexandria
Release Date : 2020-09-28
The Campaign Of K Niggr Tz A Study Of The Austro Prussian Conflict In The Light Of The American Civil War written by Arthur Lockwood Wagner and has been published by Library of Alexandria this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-28 with History categories.
The German war of 1866, generally known as “the Seven Weeks’ War,” presents many features of interest to the student, the statesman and the soldier. It closed a strife of centuries between opposing nations and antagonistic political ideas. It resulted in the formation of the North German Confederation, and thus planted the seeds of a nation, which germinated four years later, during the bloody war with France. It banished Austria from all participation in the affairs of Germany, expelled her from Italy, and deflected her policy thenceforth towards the east and south. It demonstrated that preparation for war is a more potent factor than mere numbers in computing the strength of a nation; and it gave an illustration on a grand scale of the new conditions of war resulting from the use of the telegraph, the railroad and breech-loading firearms. It is not the intention here to consider any but the military features of the great Germanic contest. Beginning the subject at the period when the quarrel between Austria and Prussia over the provinces that they had wrested from Denmark, passed from the tortuous paths of diplomacy to the direct road of war, we will consider the relative strength of the combatant nations. As the advocate of the admission of Schleswig-Holstein as a sovereign state in the Germanic Confederation, Austria gained first the sympathy, and then the active alliance, of Bavaria, Hanover, Saxony, Hesse-Cassel, Würtemberg, Baden, Hesse-Darmstadt and Nassau. Prussia aimed at the incorporation of the duchies within her own territory; and, though loudly championing the cause of German unity, her course was so manifestly inspired by designs for her own aggrandizement, that she could count on the support of only a few petty duchies, whose aggregate military strength did not exceed 28,000 men. As an offset to Austria’s formidable German allies, Prussia had concluded an offensive and defensive alliance with Italy, whose army, though new and inferior in organization, armament and equipment, to that of her antagonist, might be relied upon to “contain” at least three Austrian army corps in Venetia. The main struggle was certain to be between the two great Germanic nations.
British Opinion And The Austro Prussian War
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Author : Hazel H. Reinhardt
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1965
British Opinion And The Austro Prussian War written by Hazel H. Reinhardt and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1965 with Austro-Russian War, 1866 categories.
The Emperor S Diary Of The Austro German War 1866 And The Franco German War 1870 71
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Author : Frederick III (German Emperor)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1888
The Emperor S Diary Of The Austro German War 1866 And The Franco German War 1870 71 written by Frederick III (German Emperor) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1888 with Austro-Prussian War, 1866 categories.
The Franco Prussian War
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Author : Geoffrey Wawro
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2003-08-25
The Franco Prussian War written by Geoffrey Wawro and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-08-25 with History categories.
Wawro describes the Franco-Prussian War, 1870-1, that violently changed the course of European history.