The Avars And Magyars
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The Avars And Magyars
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Author : Charles River
language : en
Publisher: Independently Published
Release Date : 2022-11-29
The Avars And Magyars written by Charles River and has been published by Independently Published this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-29 with categories.
During the period after the collapse of the Roman Empire and the establishment of medieval Europe, which was once commonly referred to as the Dark Ages, many different tribes migrated across Europe, feeding on what was left of Rome and attempting to establish new kingdoms in the vacuum. Most of these tribes were Germanic in ethnicity and language and shared the same goals of either entering Roman territory to become Roman citizens or tearing down Rome completely. These tribes caused havoc on the edge of Roman territory in Europe, and Rome's cultural and political power gradually transferred to Constantinople, which became the seat of the Byzantine Empire. The Germanic tribes eventually coalesced into kingdoms and laid the foundation for the Middle Ages in Western Europe, while the Byzantine Empire carried on many Roman traditions and extended its influence into Eastern Europe. The road to the Middle Ages, though, was uneven and often quite violent. Many peoples and kingdoms collapsed at the hands of groups in their earliest stages of development, one of which was the Avars. The Avars entered Eastern Europe from the Central Asian steppes in the 6th century, and like the Huns before them and the Cumans and Magyars after them, the Avars were raiders and warriors who lived on their horses. The Avars' impact on Europe was immediately felt, and from the Byzantine Empire to the Merovingian Kingdom in Gaul, some of Europe's strongest powers had to learn how to deal with these new people through a combination of diplomacy and warfare. Eventually, the Avars established themselves in what is today Hungary and played an important role in the development of European history during its transitional period by earning a reputation as a fearsome and sometimes avaricious group. The medieval sources described the Avars as efficient and brutal horseback warriors who could devastate entire kingdoms in a matter of days and leave just as quickly, usually with the region's women and treasures. The chroniclers, who were usually members of the Church, related how brutal the Avars were and the apparent supernatural powers they had. Of all the steppe peoples in the medieval period, perhaps none were more important to European history than the Magyars. Like the Huns and Avars before them and the Cumans and Mongols after them, the Magyars burst into Europe as a destructive, unstoppable horde, taking whatever they wanted and leaving a steady stream of misery in their wake. They used much of the same tactics as the other steppe peoples and lived a similar, nomadic lifestyle. The Magyars also had many early cultural affinities with other steppe peoples, following a similar religion and ideas of kingship and nobility, among other things. That said, as similar as the Magyars may have been to other steppe nomads before and after them, they were noticeably different in one way: the Magyars settled down and became a part of Europe and Western Civilization in the Middle Ages. The Magyars exploded onto the European cultural scene in the late 9th century as foreign marauders, but they made alliances with many important kingdoms in less than a century and established their own dynasty in the area, roughly equivalent to the modern nation-state of Hungary. After establishing themselves as a legitimate dynasty among their European peers, the Magyars formed a sort of cultural bridge between the Roman Catholic kingdoms of Western Europe and the Orthodox Christian kingdoms of Eastern Europe. Ultimately, the Magyars chose the Roman Catholic Church, thereby becoming a part of the West and tying their fate to it for the remainder of the Middle Ages.
Avars Bulgars And Magyars On The Middle And Lower Danube
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Author : Lyudmila Doncheva-Petkova
language : en
Publisher: Archaeolingua
Release Date : 2014
Avars Bulgars And Magyars On The Middle And Lower Danube written by Lyudmila Doncheva-Petkova and has been published by Archaeolingua this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Avars categories.
The most recent result of the study of the relationship between the Bulgars and Hungarians, which has a long history in the research of the early Middle Ages, is the volume of archaeological essays entitled Avars, Bulgars and Magyars on the Middle and Lower Danube, which contains the written versions of the presentations from the Bulgarian-Hungarian international archaeological conference held in Sofia on the 27th-28th of May, 2009, supplemented by a few more essays. The 264-page work presents the reader with 16 papers written by a total of 9 Bulgarian and 8 Hungarian authors and is richly illustrated with more than 40 color tables. The book sums up the most recent research results from the last couple of decades in the light of the historical/archaeological problems in the Balkans and the Carpathian Basin from the 7th-11th centuries and the relationships between the two regions as well as all of eastern Europe. A virtue of the book is that in addition to the issues of research history and theories, the majority of the essays provide the reader with a systematic cataloguing of objects in English based on extensive collections, which is without precedent.
The Magyars
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Author : Charles River Editors
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020-04-06
The Magyars written by Charles River Editors and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-04-06 with categories.
*Includes pictures *Includes excerpts of contemporary accounts *Includes a bibliography for further reading "Having crossed the Danube, they encamped beside the Danube as far as Budafelhévíz. Hearing this, all the Romans living throughout the land of Pannonia, saved their lives by flight. Next day, Prince Árpád and all his leading men with all the warriors of Hungary entered the city of King Attila and they saw all the royal palaces, some ruined to the foundations, others not, and they admired beyond measure the stone buildings and were happier than can be told that they had deserved to take without fighting the city of King Attila, of whose line Prince Árpád descended. They feasted every day with great joy in the palace of King Attila, sitting alongside one another, and all the melodies and sweet sounds of zithers and pipes along with all the songs of minstrels were presented to them ... Prince Árpád gave great lands and properties to the guests staying with them, and, when they heard this, many guests thronged to him and gladly stayed with him." - An excerpt from Gesta Hungarorum Of all the steppe peoples in the medieval period, perhaps none were more important to European history than the Magyars. Like the Huns and Avars before them and the Cumans and Mongols after them, the Magyars burst into Europe as a destructive, unstoppable horde, taking whatever they wanted and leaving a steady stream of misery in their wake. They used much of the same tactics as the other steppe peoples and lived a similar, nomadic lifestyle. The Magyars also had many early cultural affinities with other steppe peoples, following a similar religion and ideas of kingship and nobility, among other things. That said, as similar as the Magyars may have been to other steppe nomads before and after them, they were noticeably different in one way: the Magyars settled down and became a part of Europe and Western Civilization in the Middle Ages. The Magyars exploded onto the European cultural scene in the late 9th century as foreign marauders, but they made alliances with many important kingdoms in less than a century and established their own dynasty in the area, roughly equivalent to the modern nation-state of Hungary. After establishing themselves as a legitimate dynasty among their European peers, the Magyars formed a sort of cultural bridge between the Roman Catholic kingdoms of Western Europe and the Orthodox Christian kingdoms of Eastern Europe. Ultimately, the Magyars chose the Roman Catholic Church, thereby becoming a part of the West and tying their fate to it for the remainder of the Middle Ages. The Magyars: The History and Legacy of the Medieval Tribes that Established the Kingdom of Hungary examines the Magyars and their culture, from their origins through the Arpad Dynasty to their raids on Europe, the establishment of a royal dynasty, and their integration into Western Civilization, marking the transition from the Magyars to Hungarians. Along with pictures and a bibliography for further reading, you will learn about the Magyars like never before.
The Magyars
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Author : György Balázs
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
The Magyars written by György Balázs and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with History categories.
Hungarians And Europe In The Early Middle Ages
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Author : András Róna-Tas
language : en
Publisher: Central European University Press
Release Date : 1999-03-01
Hungarians And Europe In The Early Middle Ages written by András Róna-Tas and has been published by Central European University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-03-01 with History categories.
Lavishly illustrated, the book contains seventy five historical maps and colour plates which visualize the historical background of Hungary and introduces its early history to a broader readership. The early history of Hungarians is embedded into the history of Eurasia and special attention is given to the relationship of the Hungarians with the Khazars and the Bulghar-Turks. The first part deals with methods and sources which can be used for elucidating the ancient history of the Hungarians, relying on research into linguistics, archaeology, anthropology and natural history. The second part traces how the Hungarians came into the Carpathian Basin and answers such questions as: who are the Magyars, from where did they come and how did they conquer the land? It reconstructs and examines their early political and social structure, the economy, and religion, and compares the Hungarian medieval process with the ethnogenetic processes of the Germanic, Slavic and Turkic people.
Byzantium And The Avars 6th 9th Century Ad
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Author : Georgios Kardaras
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2018-10-22
Byzantium And The Avars 6th 9th Century Ad written by Georgios Kardaras and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-22 with History categories.
In this book Georgios Kardaras offers a global view of the political and cultural contact between the Byzantine Empire and the Avar Khaganate, emphasizing in their reconstruction after 626 and the definition of the possible channels of communication.
Muslim Sources On The Magyars In The Second Half Of The 9th Century
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Author : Istvan Zimonyi
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2015-10-14
Muslim Sources On The Magyars In The Second Half Of The 9th Century written by Istvan Zimonyi and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-14 with History categories.
The Jayhānī tradition contains the most detailed description of the Hungarians in the 9th century. It is a reconstruction of the lost book from Arabic, Persian and Turkic copies. This study focuses on the historical interpretation of the Magyar chapter.
Byzantium And The Magyars
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Author : Gyula Moravcsik
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1970
Byzantium And The Magyars written by Gyula Moravcsik and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1970 with Byzantine Empire categories.
The Cumans And Magyars
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Author : Charles River Editors
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020-04-08
The Cumans And Magyars written by Charles River Editors and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-04-08 with categories.
*Includes pictures *Includes excerpts of contemporaneous accounts *includes a bibliography for further reading Before the Mongols rode across the steppes of Asia and Eastern Europe, the Cumans were a major military and cultural force that monarchs from China to Hungary and from Russia to the Byzantine Empire faced, often losing armies and cities in the process. The Cumans were a tribe of Turkic nomads who rode the steppes looking for plunder and riches, but they rarely stayed long after they got what they wanted. From the late 9th century until the arrival of the Mongols in 1223, there was virtually nothing that could be done to stop the Cumans. Old Russian chronicles, Byzantine texts, Western European chronicles, and travel diaries of Islamic scholars all reveal that the Cumans were a threat to any kingdom in their path. Some kingdoms chose to fight the Cumans and often suffered heavy destruction, while others believed buying them off was the more reasonable course of action. The latter course often brought them into intimate contact with the most powerful kingdoms of medieval Eastern Europe before the Cumans were eventually replaced by the Mongols, with the remaining Cumans dispersing and integrating into various European and central Asian kingdoms in the 13th century. Many Cumans joined the Mongol Golden Horde and later became Muslims, while some helped found dynasties in Bulgaria, Hungary, and Romania. The Cumans came from somewhat mysterious origins before they became the western vanguard of a massive nomadic horde that grew in ferocity and effectiveness as the centuries passed, but they were far more than mindless barbarians interested in violence alone. Although violence did play a major role in early Cuman culture, sources reveal they were also interested in diplomacy and eventually integrated with their sedentary neighbors. Archaeological discoveries further indicate that their culture was unique, complete with mythology and some art, but in the end, the Cumans disappeared as quickly as they appeared on the historical scene, much like other nomadic peoples before and after them. Of all the steppe peoples in the medieval period, perhaps none were more important to European history than the Magyars. Like the Huns and Avars before them and the Cumans and Mongols after them, the Magyars burst into Europe as a destructive, unstoppable horde, taking whatever they wanted and leaving a steady stream of misery in their wake. They used much of the same tactics as the other steppe peoples and lived a similar, nomadic lifestyle. The Magyars also had many early cultural affinities with other steppe peoples, following a similar religion and ideas of kingship and nobility, among other things. That said, as similar as the Magyars may have been to other steppe nomads before and after them, they were noticeably different in one way: the Magyars settled down and became a part of Europe and Western Civilization in the Middle Ages. The Magyars exploded onto the European cultural scene in the late 9th century as foreign marauders, but they made alliances with many important kingdoms in less than a century and established their own dynasty in the area, roughly equivalent to the modern nation-state of Hungary. After establishing themselves as a legitimate dynasty among their European peers, the Magyars formed a sort of cultural bridge between the Roman Catholic kingdoms of Western Europe and the Orthodox Christian kingdoms of Eastern Europe. Ultimately, the Magyars chose the Roman Catholic Church, thereby becoming a part of the West and tying their fate to it for the remainder of the Middle Ages. The Cumans and Magyars: The History and Legacy of the Steppe Nomads Who Raided Europe Throughout the Late Middle Ages examines how the Cumans and Magyars became influential players in the region, and the influence they had.
The Avars
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Author : Walter Pohl
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2018-12-15
The Avars written by Walter Pohl and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-15 with History categories.
The Avars arrived in Europe from the Central Asian steppes in the mid-sixth century CE and dominated much of Central and Eastern Europe for almost 250 years. Fierce warriors and canny power brokers, the Avars were more influential and durable than Attila's Huns, yet have remained hidden in history. Walter Pohl's epic narrative, translated into English for the first time, restores them to their rightful place in the story of early medieval Europe. The Avars offers a comprehensive overview of their history, tracing the Avars from the construction of their steppe empire in the center of Europe; their wars and alliances with the Byzantines, Slavs, Lombards, and others; their apex as the first so-called barbarian power to besiege Constantinople (in 626); to their fall under the Frankish armies of Charlemagne and subsequent disappearance as a distinct cultural group. Pohl uncovers the secrets of their society, synthesizing the rich archaeological record recovered from more than 60,000 graves of the period, as well as accounts of the Avars by Byzantine and other chroniclers. In recovering the story of the fascinating encounter between Eurasian nomads who established an empire in the heart of Europe and the post-Roman Christian cultures of Europe, this book provides a new perspective on the origins of medieval Europe itself.