The Bacteriocins
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The Bacteriocins
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Author : Peter Reeves
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
The Bacteriocins written by Peter Reeves and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
In recent years bacteriocins, especially colicins, have become widely known to molecular biologists as proteins with peculiar ways of killing bacteria. These same bacteriocins have been known for a long time to bacteriology for their unusual activity spectra and enormous variety. In this monograph I have attempted to bring together our detailed knowledge of those few bacteriocins which have already re ceived attention from molecular biologists, and our less detailed hut extensive knowledge of the variety of bacteriocins which exist. The field has been reviewed in whole or in part, by several authors [FREDERICQ, 1957, 1964, 1965 (2); IVANOVICS, 1962; HAMON, 1965; REEVES, 1965 (2)]. These reviews have been very useful to the author, and readers will find further references in them, and sometimes alternative viewpoints. We have already referred to bacteriocins as proteins, and in doing so have ex cluded many more complex antibacterial agents which resemble bacteriophages or their tails. In the author's view, these phage-like particles are probably not bacterio cins, but many authors include them within the definition; the more restrictive de finition used here has meant omitting discussion of some excellent studies on what the present author would term defective bacteriophages. In the first chapter we look at the discovery of bacteriocins and an outline of their classification. With this background we can discuss in Chapters 2 to 6 the chemistry, genetics and mode of action of the more intensively studied bacteriocins.
The Bacteriocins
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Author : Robert L. Dorit
language : en
Publisher: Caister Academic Press Limited
Release Date : 2016
The Bacteriocins written by Robert L. Dorit and has been published by Caister Academic Press Limited this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Medical categories.
Bacteriocins are potent protein toxins produced by virtually every bacterial and archeal species examined to date. These bactericidal peptides play an important role in regulating competitive interactions in natural microbial systems. From the perspective of human health, the bacteriocins represent a library of potential lead compounds honed over three billion years of evolution. Their narrow target range, high activity, surprising stability and low toxicity position them as viable alternatives or complements to existing small molecule antibiotics. The rise of antibiotic resistant pathogens and the growing awareness of the importance of the microbiome to human health underscore the need for this new class of antimicrobials, emblematic of a new approach to the treatment of infectious disease.In this volume, a range of experts explore our current understanding of the biology of these important compounds, and identify the prospects for their use in medical and veterinary applications. In so doing, this volume introduces the vast diversity of bacteriocin molecules and mechanisms and brings readers to the cutting edge of a new XXIst century approach to antibiotic discovery and design. Topics covered include: the natural history of bacteriocins; killing strategies and applications of microcins; the mode of action of nuclease colicins; the role of the van der Waals zone in the design of a new family of bacteriocins; the use of pyocins in the treatment of infections; the role of streptococccal bacteriocins as oral probiotics; veterinary applications of bacteriocins (nisin) in treating mastitis, and an exploration of the genetics of bacteriocin resistance.This volume is essential reading for everyone involved in antimicrobial research in academia, biotechnology companies, and the pharmaceutical industry and a recommended volume for all microbiology libraries
Bacteriocins Of Lactic Acid Bacteria
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Author : Luc De Vuyst
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Bacteriocins Of Lactic Acid Bacteria written by Luc De Vuyst and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
As antibacterial compounds, bacteriocins have always lived in the shadow of those medically important, efficient and often broad-spectrum low-molecular mass antimicrobials, well known even to laypeople as antibiotics. This is despite the fact that bacteriocins were discovered as early as 1928, a year before the penicillin saga started. Bacteriocins are antimicrobial proteins or oligopeptides, displaying a much narrower activity spectrum than antibiotics; they are mainly active against bacterial strains taxonomically closely related to the producer strain, which is usually immune to its own bacteriocin. They form a heterogenous group with regard to the taxonomy of the producing bacterial strains, mode of action, inhibitory spectrum and protein structure and composition. Best known are the colicins and microcins produced by Enterobacteriaceae. Many other Gram-negative as well as Gram-positive bacteria have now been found to produce bacteriocins. In the last decade renewed interest has focused on the bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria, which are industrially and agriculturally very important. Some of these compounds are even active against food spoilage bacteria and endospore formers and also against certain clinically important (food-borne) pathogens. Recently, bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria have been studied intensively from every possible scientific angle: microbiology, biochemistry, molecular biology and food technology. Intelligent screening is going on to find novel compounds with unexpected properties, just as has happened (and is still happening) with the antibiotics. Knowledge, especially about bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria, is accumulating very rapidly.
The Bacteriocins
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Author : P. Reeves
language : de
Publisher:
Release Date : 1972
The Bacteriocins written by P. Reeves and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1972 with categories.
The Bacteriocins
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Author : J. Konisky
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1978
The Bacteriocins written by J. Konisky and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978 with categories.
Bacteriocins Of Lactic Acid Bacteria
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Author : Luc De Vuyst
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1994-01-15
Bacteriocins Of Lactic Acid Bacteria written by Luc De Vuyst and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-01-15 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.
As antibacterial compounds, bacteriocins have always lived in the shadow of those medically important, efficient and often broad-spectrum low-molecular mass antimicrobials, well known even to laypeople as antibiotics. This is despite the fact that bacteriocins were discovered as early as 1928, a year before the penicillin saga started. Bacteriocins are antimicrobial proteins or oligopeptides, displaying a much narrower activity spectrum than antibiotics; they are mainly active against bacterial strains taxonomically closely related to the producer strain, which is usually immune to its own bacteriocin. They form a heterogenous group with regard to the taxonomy of the producing bacterial strains, mode of action, inhibitory spectrum and protein structure and composition. Best known are the colicins and microcins produced by Enterobacteriaceae. Many other Gram-negative as well as Gram-positive bacteria have now been found to produce bacteriocins. In the last decade renewed interest has focused on the bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria, which are industrially and agriculturally very important. Some of these compounds are even active against food spoilage bacteria and endospore formers and also against certain clinically important (food-borne) pathogens. Recently, bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria have been studied intensively from every possible scientific angle: microbiology, biochemistry, molecular biology and food technology. Intelligent screening is going on to find novel compounds with unexpected properties, just as has happened (and is still happening) with the antibiotics. Knowledge, especially about bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria, is accumulating very rapidly.
The Bacteriocins Of Lactic Acid Bacteria
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Author : Rongguang Yang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
The Bacteriocins Of Lactic Acid Bacteria written by Rongguang Yang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Bacteriocins categories.
Bacteriocins Of Lactic Acid Bacteria
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Author : Dallas G. Hoover
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2014-06-28
Bacteriocins Of Lactic Acid Bacteria written by Dallas G. Hoover and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-28 with Science categories.
Bacteriocins of Lactic Acid Bacteria is based on the 1990 Annual Meeting of the Institute of Food Technologists held in Dallas, Texas. It describes a number of well-characterized bacteriocins and, where possible, discusses practical applications for those that have been defined thus far from the lactic acid bacteria. The book begins with an introductory overview of naturally occurring antibacterial compounds. This is followed by discussions of methods of detecting bacteriocins and biochemical procedures for extraction and purification; genetics and cellular regulation of bacteriocins; bacteriocins based on the genera of lactic acid bacteria Lactococcus, Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, and Leuconostoc, and related bacteria such as Carnobacterium and Propionibacterium; and the regulatory and political aspects for commercial use of these substances. The final chapter sets out the prognosis for the future of this dynamic area. The information contained in this book should benefit those with interest in the potential for industrial use of bacteriocins as preservative ingredients. Anyone interested in lactic acid bacteria or the biosynthesis, regulation, and mechanisms of inhibition of these proteinaceous compounds will also appreciate the material presented. These include food scientists, microbiologists, food processors and product physiologists, food toxicologists, and food and personal product regulators.
The Bacteriocins
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Author : P. Reeves
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1972
The Bacteriocins written by P. Reeves and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1972 with Anti-infective agents categories.
Bacteriocins Of Lactic Acid Bacteria
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Author : Timothy Michael O'Mahony
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Bacteriocins Of Lactic Acid Bacteria written by Timothy Michael O'Mahony and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Bacteria categories.
Bacteriocins produced by three strains of Carnobacterium piscicola and by a Lactobacillus sake strain were isolated, partially characterized and purified to homogeneity. These were termed carnocin 124, carnocin 109, carnocin 75 and sakacin 38. The synthesis of all four antimicrobials was shown to be inducible by extracellular peptides, which were specific, controlling the production of both the bacteriocins and their cognate immunity proteins. Amino acid sequence analysis of the purified bacteriocins indicated that carnocins 75, 109, and 124 were homologous to piscicolin JG126 (also described as piscicocin V1a) while sakacin 38 showed homology to sakacin P. The locus of carnocin 75 was cloned from C. piscicola NFBC75 and the amino acid sequence of the putative bacteriocin-inducing peptide and immunity protein were determined by translation of their genetic determinants. In addition, enterocin 37 produced by Enterococcus faecalis NFBC37 was shown to be identical to enterocin AS48 by amino acid sequence analysis and mass spectroscopy of the purified peptide. Curing and Southern hybridization analysis showed the enterocin 37 operon to be associated with a 60 Kb plasmid in E. faecalis NFBC37. The plasmid was transferred by conjugation into E. faecalis JH2SS, conferring both bacteriocin production and immunity to the recipient strain. It was observed that the level and rate of enterocin 37 production was determined by the pH of the growth media. Also the production of enterocin 37 shown to be affected at a transcriptional level on the basis of sugar utilization in both the wild type and transconjugant strains. The bacteriocin carnocin 124 was evaluated as a means of preservation in fresh pork sausage, where it could allow for the reduction or replacement of sulfites currently employed in the product. The bacteriocin producing culture was used to ferment a milk based growth medium to produce a buttermilk-like product which was pasteurized, condensed and spray dried to yield a fermented milk powder. The resultant powder was subsequently incorporated into fresh pork sausage. The inclusion of the fermented ingredient did not result in an increase in the shelf-life of the product; however, it was shown to be effective against Listeria for the duration of the trial, reducing the levels by 99.9% from initial valued of 5.5 x 105 to approximately 5 x 102 CFU/g. Chitosan glutamate was also added to the product formations. Under chilled conditions its inclusion resulted in a 10-fold decrease in the total microbial load compared with the control for the first 10 days of the trial indicating its potential as a natural preservative at chilled temperatures.