The Basis Of Masking By Object Substitution
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The Basis Of Masking By Object Substitution
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Author : A. R. H. Gellatly
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
The Basis Of Masking By Object Substitution written by A. R. H. Gellatly and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.
From Fragments To Objects
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Author : Thomas F. Shipley
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2001-11-30
From Fragments To Objects written by Thomas F. Shipley and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-11-30 with Medical categories.
"This book addresses the problem of how the human visual system organizes inputs that are fragmented in space and time into coherent, stable perceptual units - objects. In doing so it addresses the following questions: what kinds of segmentation and grouping abilities exist in human perceivers? What information and computational processes achieve segmentation and grouping? What are the psychological consequences of perceiving whole objects?" "From Fragments to Objects: Segmentation and Grouping in Vision takes a comprehensive cognitive science approach to object perception, brings together separate lines of research in object perception in one volume, gives an integrated and up-to-date review of theory and empirical research and offers directions for future study."--Jacket.
The Neural Bases Of Multisensory Processes
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Author : Micah M. Murray
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2011-08-25
The Neural Bases Of Multisensory Processes written by Micah M. Murray and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-25 with Science categories.
It has become accepted in the neuroscience community that perception and performance are quintessentially multisensory by nature. Using the full palette of modern brain imaging and neuroscience methods, The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes details current understanding in the neural bases for these phenomena as studied across species, stages of development, and clinical statuses. Organized thematically into nine sub-sections, the book is a collection of contributions by leading scientists in the field. Chapters build generally from basic to applied, allowing readers to ascertain how fundamental science informs the clinical and applied sciences. Topics discussed include: Anatomy, essential for understanding the neural substrates of multisensory processing Neurophysiological bases and how multisensory stimuli can dramatically change the encoding processes for sensory information Combinatorial principles and modeling, focusing on efforts to gain a better mechanistic handle on multisensory operations and their network dynamics Development and plasticity Clinical manifestations and how perception and action are affected by altered sensory experience Attention and spatial representations The last sections of the book focus on naturalistic multisensory processes in three separate contexts: motion signals, multisensory contributions to the perception and generation of communication signals, and how the perception of flavor is generated. The text provides a solid introduction for newcomers and a strong overview of the current state of the field for experts.
Object Substitution Masking
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Author : Jason Edward Reiss
language : en
Publisher: ProQuest
Release Date : 2007
Object Substitution Masking written by Jason Edward Reiss and has been published by ProQuest this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Masking (Psychology) categories.
Object substitution masking (OSM) refers to a failure of a target to reach conscious awareness when it is surrounded by dots sharing a common onset but remaining visible after target removal. This effect has been hypothesized to reflect reentrant (feedback) visual processes that result in the mask replacing the target representation. This notion of substitution has been implicated in a variety of topics regarding spatiotemporal object perception including the attentional blink (AB), change blindness, and inattentional blindness. Although a number of studies have explored the OSM phenomenon, few of them have examined the depth of processing associated with the masked targets. The present set of experiments use event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to investigate the depth of processing issue in OSM by focusing on components tied to specific processing stages. Experiment 1 examined the effect of OSM on the N400 component, which reflects the degree of semantic mismatch between a target and its context. Delayed offset of the masking dots reduced both the target's detectability as well as its N400 amplitude, showing that OSM reduces or eliminates semantic processing. Experiment 2 evaluated whether OSM also affects processing stages preceding semantic analysis by examining OSM effects on the N170 component of the ERP. The N170 has a latency of approximately 170 ms after stimulus onset and is larger for faces than other objects such as houses. The relatively short latency of the N170 and its insensitivity to the identity of the faces suggests that it reflects the structural encoding of faces at a basic level of categorization. Participants classified images as either faces or houses in the presence of masking dots with either simultaneous or delayed offsets. Similar to Experiment 1, delayed offset of the masking dots significantly reduced the accuracy of the face-house discrimination as well as reducing the amplitude of the N170 component. These findings offer the first neural evidence that substitution interferes with target processing early in visual processing, prior to semantic analysis (with linguistic stimulus) and preceding categorization stages during object recognition. Results are considered within the context of reentrant processing as well as how OSM relates to other phenomena such as the attentional blink.
Foundations Of Consciousness
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Author : Antti Revonsuo
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-07-20
Foundations Of Consciousness written by Antti Revonsuo and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-20 with Psychology categories.
The conscious mind is life as we experience it; we see the world, feel our emotions and think our thoughts thanks to consciousness. This book provides an easy introduction to the foundations of consciousness; how can subjective consciousness be measured scientifically? What happens to the conscious mind and self when the brain gets injured? How does consciousness, our subjective self or soul, arise from the activities of the brain? Addressing the philosophical and historical roots of the problems alongside current scientific approaches to consciousness in psychology and neuroscience, Foundations of Consciousness examines key questions as well as delving deeper to look at altered and higher states of consciousness. Using student-friendly pedagogy throughout, the book discusses some of the most difficult to explain phenomena of consciousness, including dreaming, hypnosis, out-of-body experiences, and mystical experiences. Foundations of Consciousness provides an essential introduction to the scientific and philosophical approaches to consciousness for students in psychology, neuroscience, cognitive science, and philosophy. It will also appeal to those interested in the nature of the human soul, giving an insight into the motivation behind scientist’s and philosopher’s attempts to understand our place as conscious beings in the physical world.
Feedforward And Feedback Processes In Vision
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Author : Hulusi Kafaligonul
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2015-07-10
Feedforward And Feedback Processes In Vision written by Hulusi Kafaligonul and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-10 with Feedback categories.
The visual system consists of hierarchically organized distinct anatomical areas functionally specialized for processing different aspects of a visual object (Felleman & Van Essen, 1991). These visual areas are interconnected through ascending feedforward projections, descending feedback projections, and projections from neural structures at the same hierarchical level (Lamme et al., 1998). Accumulating evidence from anatomical, functional and theoretical studies suggests that these three projections play fundamentally different roles in perception. However, their distinct functional roles in visual processing are still subject to debate (Lamme & Roelfsema, 2000). The focus of this Research Topic is the roles of feedforward and feedback projections in vision. Even though the notions of feedforward, feedback, and reentrant processing are widely accepted, it has been found difficult to distinguish their individual roles on the basis of a single criterion. We welcome empirical contributions, theoretical contributions and reviews that fit into any one (or a combination) of the following domains: 1) their functional roles for perception of specific features of a visual object 2) their contributions to the distinct modes of visual processing (e.g., pre-attentive vs. attentive, conscious vs. unconscious) 3) recent techniques/methodologies to identify distinct functional roles of feedforward and feedback projections and corresponding neural signatures. We believe that the current Research Topic will not only provide recent information about feedforward/feedback processes in vision but also contribute to the understanding fundamental principles of cortical processing in general.
Publication Manual Of The American Psychological Association
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Author : American Psychological Association
language : en
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Release Date : 2010
Publication Manual Of The American Psychological Association written by American Psychological Association and has been published by American Psychological Association (APA) this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
In addition to providing guidance on grammar, the mechanics of writing, and APA style, this manual offers an authoritative reference and citation system. It also covers the treatment of numbers, statistical and mathematical data, tables and figures.
From Perception To Consciousness
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Author : Jeremy Wolfe
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2012-05-24
From Perception To Consciousness written by Jeremy Wolfe and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05-24 with Psychology categories.
This volume includes seminal articles published throughout Anne Treisman's scientific career, which are accompanied by chapters from key figures in the field today. These demonstrate the breadth and depth of her influence on research and theory from psychology to vision and auditory sciences.
Toward A Purer Measure Of The Spatial Gradient Of Object Substitution Masking
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Author : Michael Mebane
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Toward A Purer Measure Of The Spatial Gradient Of Object Substitution Masking written by Michael Mebane and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Object-oriented methods (Computer science) categories.
Attention And Consciousness In Different Senses
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Author : Naotsugu Tsuchiya
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Release Date : 2013-06-03
Attention And Consciousness In Different Senses written by Naotsugu Tsuchiya and has been published by Frontiers E-books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-03 with categories.
Although often used in everyday speech and in the scholarly literature, “selective attention” and “consciousness” lack clear, undisputed definitions. Partly because of this deficit there exists a lively debate on the relationship between the two. Nevertheless, attention has been studied scientifically for a long time, because a variety of tasks allow researchers to control several of its aspects (e.g. focused and feature-based attention). Consciousness as a scientific subject of study has emerged more recently, but is now rapidly gaining traction. Scientific studies of consciousness concern the state or level of consciousness (e.g., awake as opposed to in coma, dreamless sleep or under anaesthesia) as well as the contents of consciousness or the phenomenology of perception. With the increase in consciousness-focused research, there is a concomitant surge in research examining the relationship between attention and consciousness. This relationship between attention and consciousness is the topic of this Research Topic. Contributions related to or focused solely on attention or on consciousness will not be considered. It had long been assumed that attention and consciousness are inextricably intertwined: two sides of the same coin. However, recently substantial evidence has emerged that attention and consciousness are interacting, but separable processes. It is however debated how tight the interactions are, and what the exact nature of the relationship is. Therefore, we invite researchers from different “camps” to provide opinionated but balanced literature reviews. Different groups will interpret the same data in different ways. We feel that combining these views in one Research Topic is immensely valuable to researchers from different fields. Apart from reviews we also invite potential contributors to provide new and exciting evidence in the form of original contributions that may support any of the different views. Even though attention and consciousness are critical aspects of many different cognitive processes, they are mainly studied (though not exclusively) in the domain of visual perception. In other sensory modalities, e.g. olfaction or audition, it is currently not clear whether distinctions between attention and consciousness exist, which is even more true for other cognitive processes such as memory. Therefore, we specifically invite contributions covering the auditory, somatosensory, olfactory, and memory domain. We ask all contributors to provide discussions on the relationship between attention and consciousness, and focus on (1) the influence of attention on sensory processing; (2) the formation of conscious perception, (3) the evidence for unconscious processing and its modulation by attention; (4) potential indications for dissociations between attention and consciousness (e.g. does paying attention to a stimulus decrease performance on e.g. a discrimination task?); (5) neuroimaging and neurophysiology data pertaining to these questions. Often, one is caught in one’s own research field and lacks the time or the knowledge to delve into another field. This Research Topic should provide a great overview in great breadth of the current state of knowledge on the links between attention and consciousness, and their interactions, in several different sensory modalities.
