The Big Bang Explained
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The Big Bang Explained
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Author : Megan Ansdell
language : en
Publisher: Enslow Publishing, LLC
Release Date : 2018-07-15
The Big Bang Explained written by Megan Ansdell and has been published by Enslow Publishing, LLC this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-15 with Young Adult Nonfiction categories.
The Big Bang theory describes the very beginnings of the universe, when it was infinitesimally small and infinitely dense, and follows its rapid expansion and evolution, from the formation of nuclei within the first few minutes to the creation of the first galaxies a billion years later. The Big Bang theory is a cornerstone of modern cosmology, and although astronomers cannot directly observe the birth of the universe, the theory is widely accepted because it makes concrete predictions of the current observable universe, which have been tested repeatedly with striking success. Supporting the Next Generation Science Standards' emphasis on scientific collection and analysis of data and evidence-based theories, this book will help students understand the observational evidence supporting the Big Bang theory and speculate on the ultimate fate of the universe it implies.
The Big Bang
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Author : Timothy E Eastman
language : en
Publisher: Cosmology Science Publishers
Release Date : 2011-10-21
The Big Bang written by Timothy E Eastman and has been published by Cosmology Science Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-21 with Big bang theory categories.
The theory that has come to be known as "The Big Bang" was originally proposed by a Catholic Priest, to make the Bible Scientific. Critics of the Big Bang theory have subsequently referred to this theory as "religion masquerading as science." Nevertheless, the Big Bang model is the generally accepted theory for the origin of universe. Nonetheless, findings in observational astronomy and revelations in the field of fundamental physics over the past two decades question the validity of the 'Big Bang' model as a viable theory for the origin of the universe. There are numerous factors which undermine the theory of the Big Bang, including the organization of galactic superstructures, the Cosmic Microwave Background, distant galaxies, gravitational waves, red shifts, and the age of local galaxies. Admittedly, the Big Bang research program has been successful in generating fruitful scientific hypotheses and tests, and there has been some confirmation for many hypotheses. However, outstanding questions remain and substantial alternative cosmology models, which also have been fruitful, remain viable and continue to evolve. Unfortunately, there has been a concerted effort to prevent research into alternate cosmologies. The Big Bang has become a "sacred cow" which must not be questioned. One of the greatest challenges facing astrophysics is derivation of remoteness in cosmological objects. At large scales, it is almost entirely dependent upon the Hubble relationship between apparent brightness and spectral redshift for large luminous objects. However, this data has questionable validity. The assumption of scale invariance and universality of the Hubble law allowed the adoption of redshift as a standard calibration of cosmological distance. However, there have been several fields of study in observational astronomy that consistently give apparently anomalous results from ever-larger statistical samples, and would thus seem to require further careful investigation. A major problem is that the Big Ba Big Bang model implies the existence of a creator. Why the Universe should have had a beginning, or why it would have been created, cannot be explained by classical or quantum physics. To support the Big Bang, estimates of the age and size of the cosmos, including claims of an accelerating universe, are based on an Earth-centered universe with the Earth as the measure of all things, exactly as dictated by religious theology. However, distance from Earth is not a measure of the age of far away galaxies. The Big Bang cannot explain why there are galaxies older than the Big Bang, why fully formed galaxies continue to be discovered at distances of over 13 billion light years from Earth, when according to Big Bang theory, no galaxies should exist at these distances. To support the Big Bang, red shifts are purposefully misinterpreted based on Pre-Copernican geo-centrism with Earth serving as ground zero. However, red shifts are variable, effected by numerous factors, and do not provide measures of time, age or distance. Nor can Big Bang theory explain why galaxies collide, why rivers of galaxies flow in the "wrong" direction, why galaxies clump together creating great walls of galaxies which took from 80 billion to 150 billion years to form. Big Bang theory requires phantom forces, constantly adjusted parameters, and ad hoc theorizing to explain away and to cover up the numerous holes in this theory. Finally, if at first there was a "singularity" then the Big Bang was not a beginning, but a continuation.
Endless Universe
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Author : Paul J. Steinhardt
language : en
Publisher: Broadway
Release Date : 2007
Endless Universe written by Paul J. Steinhardt and has been published by Broadway this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Cosmogony categories.
This text presents a radical new theory of the origins and future of the universe. The authors argue that the universe is without beginning or end, truly an endless universe and that there is a continual cycle of expansion and contraction as parallel universes (or 'branes') collide.
At The Edge Of Time
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Author : Dan Hooper
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2019-11-05
At The Edge Of Time written by Dan Hooper and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-05 with Science categories.
A new look at the first few seconds after the Big Bang—and how research into these moments continues to revolutionize our understanding of our universe Scientists in the past few decades have made crucial discoveries about how our cosmos evolved over the past 13.8 billion years. But there remains a critical gap in our knowledge: we still know very little about what happened in the first seconds after the Big Bang. At the Edge of Time focuses on what we have recently learned and are still striving to understand about this most essential and mysterious period of time at the beginning of cosmic history. Delving into the remarkable science of cosmology, Dan Hooper describes many of the extraordinary and perplexing questions that scientists are asking about the origin and nature of our world. Hooper examines how we are using the Large Hadron Collider and other experiments to re-create the conditions of the Big Bang and test promising theories for how and why our universe came to contain so much matter and so little antimatter. We may be poised to finally discover how dark matter was formed during our universe’s first moments, and, with new telescopes, we are also lifting the veil on the era of cosmic inflation, which led to the creation of our world as we know it. Wrestling with the mysteries surrounding the initial moments that followed the Big Bang, At the Edge of Time presents an accessible investigation of our universe and its origin.
Cosmology A Very Short Introduction
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Author : Peter Coles
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2001-08-23
Cosmology A Very Short Introduction written by Peter Coles and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-08-23 with Science categories.
This book is a simple, non-technical introduction to cosmology, explaining what it is and what cosmologists do. Peter Coles discusses the history of the subject, the development of the Big Bang theory, and more speculative modern issues like quantum cosmology, superstrings, and dark matter. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.
The Amazing Unity Of The Universe
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Author : Edward van den Heuvel
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-07-20
The Amazing Unity Of The Universe written by Edward van den Heuvel and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-20 with Science categories.
In the first chapters the author describes how our knowledge of the position of Earth in space and time has developed, thanks to the work of many generations of astronomers and physicists. He discusses how our position in the Galaxy was discovered, and how in 1929, Hubble uncovered the fact that the Universe is expanding, leading to the picture of the Big Bang. He then explains how astronomers have found that the laws of physics that were discovered here on Earth and in the Solar System (the laws of mechanics, gravity, atomic physics, electromagnetism, etc.) are valid throughout the Universe. This is illustrated by the fact that all matter in the Universe consists of atoms of the same chemical elements that we know on Earth. This unity is all the more surprising when one realizes that in the original Big Bang theory, different parts of the Universe could never have communicated with each other. It then is a mystery how they could have shared the same physical laws. This problem was solved by the introduction of the idea of inflation, a phase of extremely rapid expansion of the Universe during the first fraction of a second following the Big Bang. The author explains how the unity of the Universe finds its origin in the Big Bang prior to inflation. The book addresses the many fundamental questions about the Universe and its contents from the perspective of the Big Bang: the formation of structure in the Universe, the questions of the mysterious dark matter and dark energy, the possibilities of other Universes (the Multiverse) and of the existence of intelligent life elsewhere in the Universe.
Cosmic Horizons
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Author : Steven Soter
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Cosmic Horizons written by Steven Soter and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Science categories.
Leading scientists offer a collection of essays that furnish illuminating explanations of recent discoveries in modern astrophysics--from the Big Bang to black holes--the possibility of life on other worlds, and the emerging technologies that make such research possible, accompanied by incisive profiles of such key figures as Carl Sagan and Georges Lemaetre. Original.
Flashes Of Creation
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Author : Paul Halpern
language : en
Publisher: Hachette UK
Release Date : 2021-08-17
Flashes Of Creation written by Paul Halpern and has been published by Hachette UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-17 with Science categories.
A respected physics professor and author breaks down the great debate over the Big Bang and the continuing quest to understand the fate of the universe. Today, the Big Bang is so entrenched in our understanding of the cosmos that to doubt it would seem crazy. But as Paul Halpern shows in Flashes of Creation, just decades ago its mere mention caused sparks to fly. At the center of the debate were Russian American physicist George Gamow and British astrophysicist Fred Hoyle. Gamow insisted that a fiery explosion explained how the elements of the universe were created. Attacking the idea as half-baked, Hoyle countered that the universe was engaged in a never-ending process of creation. The battle was fierce. In the end, Gamow turned out to be right -- mostly -- and Hoyle, along with his many achievements, is remembered for giving the theory the silliest possible name: "The Big Bang." Halpern captures the brilliance of both thinkers and reminds us that even those proved wrong have much to teach us about boldness, imagination, and the universe itself.
Connecting Quarks With The Cosmos
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2003-03-12
Connecting Quarks With The Cosmos written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-03-12 with Science categories.
Advances made by physicists in understanding matter, space, and time and by astronomers in understanding the universe as a whole have closely intertwined the question being asked about the universe at its two extremesâ€"the very large and the very small. This report identifies 11 key questions that have a good chance to be answered in the next decade. It urges that a new research strategy be created that brings to bear the techniques of both astronomy and sub-atomic physics in a cross-disciplinary way to address these questions. The report presents seven recommendations to facilitate the necessary research and development coordination. These recommendations identify key priorities for future scientific projects critical for realizing these scientific opportunities.
The Cosmic Microwave Background
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Author : C.H. Lineweaver
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2011-09-20
The Cosmic Microwave Background written by C.H. Lineweaver and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09-20 with Science categories.
Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on the Cosmological Background Radiation, Strasbourg, France, May 27-June 7, 1996