The Collectivization Process In Communist Romania
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The Collectivization Process In Communist Romania
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Author : Cezar Avram
language : en
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Release Date : 2014-08-18
The Collectivization Process In Communist Romania written by Cezar Avram and has been published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-08-18 with categories.
The liquidation of private property and the establishment of socialist ownership over the means of production, collectivization of agriculture, planned development of the national economy were the basic principles of the communist regime's establishment. In the scenario of agriculture's collectivization, total war against land owning peasantry had to play the lead role in the establishment of socialist order and in building the "new man." Cancellation of links between individuals through the defeat of the resistance, destroying the three basic elements of the traditional social structure - family, religion and the national culture, land confiscation, flagrant violation of fundamental rights were all forms of violation of human dignity that stopped, ultimately, the natural development of the Romanian society as a whole, through State terrorism represented by "people's justice" and secret police. This work is supposed to throw a light upon a black period in the history of Romania and should be especially useful to professionals in History and Law fields or to anyone else who may be interested in understanding the mechanisms of the Communist terror.
Peasants Under Siege
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Author : Gail Kligman
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2011-07-25
Peasants Under Siege written by Gail Kligman and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-07-25 with Social Science categories.
In 1949, Romania's fledgling communist regime unleashed a radical and brutal campaign to collectivize agriculture in this largely agrarian country, following the Soviet model. Peasants under Siege provides the first comprehensive look at the far-reaching social engineering process that ensued. Gail Kligman and Katherine Verdery examine how collectivization assaulted the very foundations of rural life, transforming village communities that were organized around kinship and status hierarchies into segments of large bureaucratic organizations, forged by the language of "class warfare" yet saturated with vindictive personal struggles. Collectivization not only overturned property relations, the authors argue, but was crucial in creating the Party-state that emerged, its mechanisms of rule, and the "new persons" that were its subjects. The book explores how ill-prepared cadres, themselves unconvinced of collectivization's promises, implemented technologies and pedagogies imported from the Soviet Union through actions that contributed to the excessive use of force, which Party leaders were often unable to control. In addition, the authors show how local responses to the Party's initiatives compelled the regime to modify its plans and negotiate outcomes. Drawing on archival documents, oral histories, and ethnographic data, Peasants under Siege sheds new light on collectivization in the Soviet era and on the complex tensions underlying and constraining political authority.
Transforming Peasants Property And Power
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Author : Constantin Iordachi
language : en
Publisher: Central European University Press
Release Date : 2009-06-15
Transforming Peasants Property And Power written by Constantin Iordachi and has been published by Central European University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-06-15 with History categories.
The subject matter of the volume is part of larger research agenda on the process of land collectivization in the former communist camp, focusing on state, identity and property. The main innovation of the volume is to apply recent interdisciplinary approaches to the study of the collectivization process, asking what types of new peasant-state relations it formed and how it transformed notions of self, persons, and things (such as land). The project conceived of changes in the system of ownership as causing changes in the identity and attitude of people; similarly, it regarded the study of personal identities as essential for understanding changes in the system of ownership. This perspective is rare in the area-studies approaches to the topic.
Transforming Peasants Property And Power
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Author : Constantin Iordachi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009-01-01
Transforming Peasants Property And Power written by Constantin Iordachi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-01-01 with Political Science categories.
The subject matter of the volume is part of larger research agenda on the process of land collectivization in the former communist camp, focusing on state, identity and property. The main innovation of the volume is to apply recent interdisciplinary approaches to the study of the collectivization process, asking what types of new peasant-state relations it formed and how it transformed notions of self, persons, and things (such as land). The project conceived of changes in the system of ownership as causing changes in the identity and attitude of people; similarly, it regarded the study of personal identities as essential for understanding changes in the system of ownership. This perspective is rare in the area-studies approaches to the topic. Unlike other works on the subject, the volume treats the entire history of the campaign of collectivization in Romania, between 1949 and 1962. It also fully covered Romania's territory, with at least two researchers in every historical province. Since the process of collectivization varied across space and time, the participants to the volume selected a broad sample of research sites differing in religious and ethnic composition, economy, terrain, date of collectivization, and other related variables. Several of the project participants focused on national-level policies and practices (i.e., property legislation, and debates about the form collectivization should take); the others conducted case studies, working across a broad span of communities and experiences.
The Collectivization Of Agriculture In Communist Eastern Europe
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Author : Constantin Iordachi
language : en
Publisher: Central European University Press
Release Date : 2014-03-31
The Collectivization Of Agriculture In Communist Eastern Europe written by Constantin Iordachi and has been published by Central European University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-31 with Political Science categories.
ÿThis book explores the interrelated campaigns of agricultural collectivization in the USSR and in the communist dictatorships established in Soviet-dominated Eastern Europe. Despite the profound, long-term societal impact of collectivization, the subject has remained relatively underresearched. The volume combines detailed studies of collectivization in individual Eastern European states with issueoriented comparative perspectives at regional level. Based on novel primary sources, it proposes a reappraisal of the theoretical underpinnings and research agenda of studies on collectivization in Eastern Europe.The contributions provide up-to-date overviews of recent research in the field and promote new approaches to the topic, combining historical comparisons with studies of transnational transfers and entanglements.
Peasants And Power
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Author : Joan Sokolovsky
language : en
Publisher: Westview Press
Release Date : 1990-09-11
Peasants And Power written by Joan Sokolovsky and has been published by Westview Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990-09-11 with Business & Economics categories.
Focusing on events in Hungary and Poland from 1948 to 1962, the author claims collectivization can best be shown as an element in state-building for the new regimes of Eastern Europe. The book shows how policy options were constrained by dependence on the USSR and the peasants' political isolation.
The Red And The Green
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Author : Frederic L. Pryor
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2014-07-14
The Red And The Green written by Frederic L. Pryor and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-14 with Social Science categories.
Reorganizing the agricultural sector into large-scale state and collective farms was the most radical transformation of economic institutions implemented by Marxist governments. Frederic Pryor provides perspective on this unique experiment by comparing in a systematic and original fashion the changes in the organization of agriculture in all of the world's Marxist nations. This approach allows not only a clearer understanding of the major lines of agricultural policy and organization in these nations but also a keener insight into the reasons underlying the variations among them. What have been the doctrinal elements that have led to collectivization? Why has the process of collectivization been so different in various nations? How have the farms been organized, both internally and within the larger economy? How has the performance of agriculture differed between the various Marxist nations and comparable capitalist nations? And what are the difficulties in reversing collectivization and moving back toward private agriculture? In answering these questions, The Red and the Green draws on a vast number of primary and secondary sources from many nations, as well as from extensive interviews with farmers, agricultural officials, and specialists in more than a dozen Marxist nations. Among books dealing with problems of communist economy, this study is unrivaled in its broad scope, combined with careful institutional and statistical analysis. Originally published in 1992. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
The Romanian Economic Reform Program
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Author : Mr.Dimitri G. Demekas
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 1991-08-01
The Romanian Economic Reform Program written by Mr.Dimitri G. Demekas and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-08-01 with Business & Economics categories.
With the start of the process of its transition to a market economy in early 1990, Romania joined the ranks of other reforming Eastern European countries. At the starting point of its reform program, however, Romania was in a deep economic and institutional crisis and had no experience in even modest attempts to reform its economy. This paper outlines the main characteristics of the Romanian economic system before the reform, and presents the evolution of the reform program, as well as its achievements in the first year or so since it was launched.
A Tale Of Two Villages
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Author : Alina Mungiu
language : en
Publisher: Central European University Press
Release Date : 2010-01-01
A Tale Of Two Villages written by Alina Mungiu and has been published by Central European University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-01 with Social Science categories.
This dramatic story of land and power from twentieth-century Eastern Europe is set in two extraordinary villages: a rebel village, where peasants fought the advent of Communism and became its first martyrs, and a model village turned forcibly into a town, Dictator Ceauşescu’s birthplace. The two villages capture among themselves nearly a century of dramatic transformation and social engineering, ending up with their charged heritage in the present European Union. "One of Romania’s foremost social critics, Alina Mungiu-Pippidi offers a valuable look at several decades of policy that marginalized that country’s rural population, from the 1918 land reform to the post-1989 property restitution. Illustrating her arguments with a close comparison of two contrasting villages, she describes the actions of a long series of “predatory elites,” from feudal landowners through the Communist Party through post-communist leaders, all of whom maintained the rural population’s dependency. A forceful concluding chapter shows that its prospects for improvement are scarcely better within the EU. Romania’s villagers have an eminent and spirited advocate in the author.”
The Stalinist Era
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Author : David L. Hoffmann
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2018-11-15
The Stalinist Era written by David L. Hoffmann and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-15 with History categories.
Placing Stalinism in its international context, The Stalinist Era explains the origins and consequences of Soviet state intervention and violence.