The Colonial History Of The Hacienda System In A Southern Peruvian Highland District
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The Colonial History Of The Hacienda System In A Southern Peruvian Highland District
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Author : Diane Elizabeth Hopkins
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983
The Colonial History Of The Hacienda System In A Southern Peruvian Highland District written by Diane Elizabeth Hopkins and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Agriculture categories.
Conquest And Agrarian Change
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Author : Robert G. Keith
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge, Mass. : Harvard University Press
Release Date : 1976
Conquest And Agrarian Change written by Robert G. Keith and has been published by Cambridge, Mass. : Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1976 with Business & Economics categories.
The colonial society and economy of Latin America were based on local communities of three principal types: Spanish towns, Indian villages, and landed estates or haciendas. Of these, it was the latter that provided the economic foundations for the aristocratic social system. This book tells how and why the Spaniards who settled the Peruvian coastal valleys originally came to establish their estates. Some of the questions it attempts to answer are: Why did the hacienda system arise in the second half of the sixteenth century? Was it primarily a product of Spanish history and culture? Was it an inevitable result of the conquest? What did it owe to Indian customs and traditions? To local geography? To economic and social conditions? Concentrating on seven major valleys of the central coast, the author investigates varying local conditions and circumstances as they appear in wills, bills of sale, contracts, and other notarial documents. The story begins with the indigenous coastal societies before the conquest and concludes with the consolidation of the hacienda system in the early seventeenth century.
Sin And Confession In Colonial Peru
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Author : Regina Harrison
language : en
Publisher: University of Texas Press
Release Date : 2014-06-01
Sin And Confession In Colonial Peru written by Regina Harrison and has been published by University of Texas Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-01 with History categories.
A central tenet of Catholic religious practice, confession relies upon the use of language between the penitent and his or her confessor. In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, as Spain colonized the Quechua-speaking Andean world, the communication of religious beliefs and practices—especially the practice of confession—to the native population became a primary concern, and as a result, expansive bodies of Spanish ecclesiastic literature were translated into Quechua. In this fascinating study of the semantic changes evident in translations of Catholic catechisms, sermons, and manuals, Regina Harrison demonstrates how the translated texts often retained traces of ancient Andean modes of thought, despite the didactic lessons they contained. In Sin and Confession in Colonial Peru, Harrison draws directly from confession manuals to demonstrate how sin was newly defined in Quechua lexemes, how the role of women was circumscribed to fit Old World patterns, and how new monetized perspectives on labor and trade were taught to the subjugated indigenous peoples of the Andes by means of the Ten Commandments. Although outwardly confession appears to be an instrument of oppression, the reformer Bartolomé de Las Casas influenced priests working in the Andes; through their agency, confessional practice ultimately became a political weapon to compel Spanish restitution of Incan lands and wealth. Bringing together an unprecedented study (and translation) of Quechua religious texts with an expansive history of Andean and Spanish transculturation, Harrison uses the lens of confession to understand the vast and telling ways in which language changed at the intersection of culture and religion.
Conquest And Agrarian Change
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Author : Robert Keith
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013-10-01
Conquest And Agrarian Change written by Robert Keith and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-01 with categories.
The colonial society and economy of Latin America were based on local communities of three principal types: Spanish towns, Indian villages, and landed estates or haciendas. Of these, it was the latter that provided the economic foundations for the aristocratic social system. This book tells how and why the Spaniards who settled the Peruvian coastal valleys originally came to establish their estates. Some of the questions it attempts to answer are: Why did the hacienda system arise in the second half of the sixteenth century? Was it primarily a product of Spanish history and culture? Was it an inevitable result of the conquest? What did it owe to Indian customs and traditions? To local geography? To economic and social conditions? Concentrating on seven major valleys of the central coast, the author investigates varying local conditions and circumstances as they appear in wills, bills of sale, contracts, and other notarial documents. The story begins with the indigenous coastal societies before the conquest and concludes with the consolidation of the hacienda system in the early seventeenth century.
Narrative Threads
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Author : Jeffrey Quilter
language : en
Publisher: University of Texas Press
Release Date : 2010-07-05
Narrative Threads written by Jeffrey Quilter and has been published by University of Texas Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-07-05 with History categories.
The Inka Empire stretched over much of the length and breadth of the South American Andes, encompassed elaborately planned cities linked by a complex network of roads and messengers, and created astonishing works of architecture and artistry and a compelling mythology—all without the aid of a graphic writing system. Instead, the Inkas' records consisted of devices made of knotted and dyed strings—called khipu—on which they recorded information pertaining to the organization and history of their empire. Despite more than a century of research on these remarkable devices, the khipu remain largely undeciphered. In this benchmark book, twelve international scholars tackle the most vexed question in khipu studies: how did the Inkas record and transmit narrative records by means of knotted strings? The authors approach the problem from a variety of angles. Several essays mine Spanish colonial sources for details about the kinds of narrative encoded in the khipu. Others look at the uses to which khipu were put before and after the Conquest, as well as their current use in some contemporary Andean communities. Still others analyze the formal characteristics of khipu and seek to explain how they encode various kinds of numerical and narrative data.
The Language Of The Inka Since The European Invasion
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Author : Bruce Mannheim
language : en
Publisher: University of Texas Press
Release Date : 2013-08-26
The Language Of The Inka Since The European Invasion written by Bruce Mannheim and has been published by University of Texas Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-26 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The Inka empire, Tawantinsuyu, fell to Spanish invaders within a year's time (1532-1533), but Quechua, the language of the Inka, is still the primary or only language of millions of Inka descendants throughout the southern Andes. In this innovative study, Bruce Mannheim synthesizes all that is currently known about the history of Southern Peruvian Quechua since the Spanish invasion, providing new insights into the nature of language change in general, into the social and historical contexts of language change, and into the cultural conditioning of linguistic change. Mannheim first discusses changes in the social setting of language use in the Andes from the time of the first European contact in the sixteenth century until today. He reveals that the modern linguistic homogeneity of Spanish and Quechua is a product of the Spanish conquest, since multilingualism was the rule in the Inka empire. He identifies the social and political forces that have influenced the kinds of changes the language has undergone. And he provides the first synthetic history of Southern Peruvian Quechua, making it possible at last to place any literary document or written text in a chronological and social context. Mannheim also studies changes in the formal structure of Quechua. He finds that changes in the sound system were motivated primarily by phonological factors and also that the changes were constrained by a set of morphological and syntactic conditions. This last conclusion is surprising, since most historical linguists assume that sound change is completely independent of other aspects of language. Thus, The Language of the Inka since the European Invasion makes an empirical contribution to a general theory of linguistic change. Written in an engaging style that is accessible to the nonlinguist, this book will have a special appeal to readers interested in the history and anthropology of native South America.
The World Of T Pac Amaru
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Author : Ward Stavig
language : en
Publisher: U of Nebraska Press
Release Date : 1999-01-01
The World Of T Pac Amaru written by Ward Stavig and has been published by U of Nebraska Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-01-01 with Social Science categories.
Equally concerned with the lives of ordinary Andean people and sweeping historical processes, this book unveils a complex colonial world of indigenous villagers and their Spanish neighbors from the ground up and in the process examines one of the most significant indigenous uprisings in the Americas. This rebellion, known by the name of its leader, T£pac Amaru, ignited in colonial Cuzco near the former Inca capital during the late eighteenth century (1780?83) and spread rapidly throughout much of the Andes. Led by the descendant of the last Inca ruler, the rebellion severely disrupted the colonial economy and proved to be the most serious challenge to Spanish authority in Latin America since the sixteenth century. Focusing on the Cuzco provinces of Quispicanchis and Canas y Canchis, which were the wellspring of the rebellion, Ward Stavig examines the issues, values, and themes central to the lives of ordinary Andean women and men?senses of identity, conceptions of sexuality and gender, the threat of crime, the value placed on work, competition for land and its relation to cultural identity, and the impact of forced labor. Stavig interweaves an intimate and richly textured portrait of the lives of Native villagers with an analysis of economic and political colonial institutions to show not only how Native peoples in Cuzco made sense of their lives but also how their strategies of survival shaped colonial society.
Apprenticeship
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Author : Michael W. Coy
language : en
Publisher: State University of New York Press
Release Date : 1989-10-05
Apprenticeship written by Michael W. Coy and has been published by State University of New York Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989-10-05 with Social Science categories.
This book examines the phenomenon of apprenticeship by exploring it as a social, economic, and educational institution. Studies of apprenticeship in both craft occupations and supernatural specializations in Africa, Latin America, North America, and Asia are offered. The authors also look at apprenticeship as a method in anthropological field research. Many of the contributors have apprenticed themselves in other-cultural settings, providing a unique marriage of subject and method in cross-cultural research. Esther N. Goody provides a summary look at learning, apprenticeship and the division of labor.
Heaven Hell And Everything In Between
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Author : Ananda Cohen Suarez
language : en
Publisher: University of Texas Press
Release Date : 2016-05-24
Heaven Hell And Everything In Between written by Ananda Cohen Suarez and has been published by University of Texas Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-24 with Art categories.
Examining the vivid, often apocalyptic church murals of Peru from the early colonial period through the nineteenth century, Heaven, Hell, and Everything in Between explores the sociopolitical situation represented by the artists who generated these murals for rural parishes. Arguing that the murals were embedded in complex networks of trade, commerce, and the exchange of ideas between the Andes and Europe, Ananda Cohen Suarez also considers the ways in which artists and viewers worked through difficult questions of envisioning sacredness. This study brings to light the fact that, unlike the murals of New Spain, the murals of the Andes possess few direct visual connections to a pre-Columbian painting tradition; the Incas' preference for abstracted motifs created a problem for visually translating Catholic doctrine to indigenous congregations, as the Spaniards were unable to read Inca visual culture. Nevertheless, as Cohen Suarez demonstrates, colonial murals of the Andes can be seen as a reformulation of a long-standing artistic practice of adorning architectural spaces with images that command power and contemplation. Drawing on extensive secondary and archival sources, including account books from the churches, as well as on colonial Spanish texts, Cohen Suarez urges us to see the murals not merely as decoration or as tools of missionaries but as visual archives of the complex negotiations among empire, communities, and individuals.
The Hispanic American Historical Review
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Author : James Alexander Robertson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
The Hispanic American Historical Review written by James Alexander Robertson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Electronic journals categories.
Includes "Bibliographical section".