The Creed Of Science In Victorian England
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The Creed Of Science In Victorian England
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Author : Roy M. MacLeod
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2000
The Creed Of Science In Victorian England written by Roy M. MacLeod and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with History categories.
The nineteenth century, which saw the triumph of the idea of progress and improvement, saw also the triumph of science as a political and cultural force. In England, as science and its methods claimed privilege and space, its language acquired the vocabulary of religion. The new 'creed' of science embraced what John Tyndall called the 'scientific movement'; it was, in the language of T.H. Huxley, a militant creed. The 'march' of invention, the discoveries of chemistry, and the wonders of steam and electricity culminated in a crusade against ignorance and unbelief. It was a creed that looked to its own apostolic succession from Copernicus, Galileo and the martyrs of the 'scientific revolution'. Yet, it was a creed whose doctrines were divisive, and whose convictions resisted. Alongside arguments for materialism, utility, positivism, and evolutionary naturalism, persisted reservations about the nature of man, the role of ethics, and the limits of scientific method. These essays discuss leading strategists in the scientific movement of late-Victorian England. At the same time, they show how 'science established' served not only the scientific community, but also the interests of imperial and colonial powers.
The Victorian World
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Author : Martin Hewitt
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-01-25
The Victorian World written by Martin Hewitt and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-25 with History categories.
With an interdisciplinary approach that encompasses political history, the history of ideas, cultural history and art history, The Victorian World offers a sweeping survey of the world in the nineteenth century. This volume offers a fresh evaluation of Britain and its global presence in the years from the 1830s to the 1900s. It brings together scholars from history, literary studies, art history, historical geography, historical sociology, criminology, economics and the history of law, to explore more than 40 themes central to an understanding of the nature of Victorian society and culture, both in Britain and in the rest of the world. Organised around six core themes – the world order, economy and society, politics, knowledge and belief, and culture – The Victorian World offers thematic essays that consider the interplay of domestic and global dynamics in the formation of Victorian orthodoxies. A further section on ‘Varieties of Victorianism’ offers considerations of the production and reproduction of external versions of Victorian culture, in India, Africa, the United States, the settler colonies and Latin America. These thematic essays are supplemented by a substantial introductory essay, which offers a challenging alternative to traditional interpretations of the chronology and periodisation of the Victorian years. Lavishly illustrated, vivid and accessible, this volume is invaluable reading for all students and scholars of the nineteenth century.
Victorian Scientific Naturalism
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Author : Gowan Dawson
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2014-04-28
Victorian Scientific Naturalism written by Gowan Dawson and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-28 with History categories.
Victorian Scientific Naturalism examines the secular creeds of the generation of intellectuals who, in the wake of The Origin of Species, wrested cultural authority from the old Anglican establishment while installing themselves as a new professional scientific elite. These scientific naturalists—led by biologists, physicists, and mathematicians such as William Kingdon Clifford, Joseph Dalton Hooker, Thomas Henry Huxley, and John Tyndall—sought to persuade both the state and the public that scientists, not theologians, should be granted cultural authority, since their expertise gave them special insight into society, politics, and even ethics. In Victorian Scientific Naturalism, Gowan Dawson and Bernard Lightman bring together new essays by leading historians of science and literary critics that recall these scientific naturalists, in light of recent scholarship that has tended to sideline them, and that reevaluate their place in the broader landscape of nineteenth-century Britain. Ranging in topic from daring climbing expeditions in the Alps to the maintenance of aristocratic protocols of conduct at Kew Gardens, these essays offer a series of new perspectives on Victorian scientific naturalism—as well as its subsequent incarnations in the early twentieth century—that together provide an innovative understanding of the movement centering on the issues of community, identity, and continuity.
Science Time And Space In The Late Nineteenth Century Periodical Press
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Author : James Mussell
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-05-15
Science Time And Space In The Late Nineteenth Century Periodical Press written by James Mussell and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-15 with Literary Criticism categories.
James Mussell reads nineteenth-century scientific debates in light of recent theoretical discussions of scientific writing to propose a new methodology for understanding the periodical press in terms of its movements in time and space. That there is no disjunction between text and object is already recognized in science studies, Mussell argues; however, this principle should also be extended to our understanding of print culture within its cultural context. He provides historical accounts of scientific controversy, documents references to time and space in the periodical press, and follows magazines and journals as they circulate through society to shed new light on the dissemination and distribution of periodicals, authorship and textual authority, and the role of mediation in material culture. Well-known writers like H. G. Wells and Arthur Conan Doyle are discovered in new contexts, while other authors, publishers, editors, and scientists are discussed for the first time. Mussell is persuasive in showing how his methodology increases our understanding of the process of transformation and translation that underpins the production of print and informs current debates about the status of digital publication and the preservation of archival material in electronic forms. Adding to the book's usefulness are an extended bibliography and a discussion of recent debates regarding digital publication.
The Organisation Of Knowledge In Victorian Britain
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Author : Martin Daunton
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2005-05-26
The Organisation Of Knowledge In Victorian Britain written by Martin Daunton and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-05-26 with Education categories.
This collection of essays explores the questions of what counted as knowledge in Victorian Britain, who defined knowledge and the knowledgeable, by what means and by what criteria. During the Victorian period, the structure of knowledge took on a new and recognizably modern form, and the disciplines we now take for granted took shape. The ways in which knowledge was tested also took on a new form, with the rise of written examinations. New institutions of knowledge were created: museums were important at the start of the period, universities had become prominent by the end. Victorians needed to make sense of the sheer scale of new information, to popularize it, and at the same time to exclude ignorance and error - a role carried out by encyclopaedias and popular publications. By studying the Victorian organization of knowledge in its institutional, social, and intellectual settings, these essays contribute to our wider consideration of the complex and much debated concept of knowledge.
Free Will And The Human Sciences In Britain 1870 1910
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Author : Roger Smith
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-10-06
Free Will And The Human Sciences In Britain 1870 1910 written by Roger Smith and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-06 with Science categories.
Smith takes an in-depth look at the question of free will through the prism of different disciplines in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
The Transit Of Venus Enterprise In Victorian Britain
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Author : Jessica Ratcliff
language : en
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Press
Release Date : 2016-09-12
The Transit Of Venus Enterprise In Victorian Britain written by Jessica Ratcliff and has been published by University of Pittsburgh Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-12 with Science categories.
In the nineteenth century, the British Government spent money measuring the distance between the earth and the sun using observations of the transit of Venus. This book presents a narrative of the two Victorian transit programmes. It draws out their cultural significance and explores the nature of "big science" in late-Victorian Britain.
The X Club
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Author : Ruth Barton
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2018-11-21
The X Club written by Ruth Barton and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-21 with History categories.
In 1864, amid headline-grabbing heresy trials, members of the British Association for the Advancement of Science were asked to sign a declaration affirming that science and scripture were in agreement. Many criticized the new test of orthodoxy; nine decided that collaborative action was required. The X Club tells their story. These six ambitious professionals and three wealthy amateurs—J. D. Hooker, T. H. Huxley, John Tyndall, John Lubbock, William Spottiswoode, Edward Frankland, George Busk, T. A. Hirst, and Herbert Spencer—wanted to guide the development of science and public opinion on issues where science impinged on daily life, religious belief, and politics. They formed a private dining club, which they named the X Club, to discuss and further their plans. As Ruth Barton shows, they had a clear objective: they wanted to promote “scientific habits of mind,” which they sought to do through lectures, journalism, and science education. They devoted enormous effort to the expansion of science education, with real, but mixed, success. For twenty years, the X Club was the most powerful network in Victorian science—the men succeeded each other in the presidency of the Royal Society for a dozen years. Barton’s group biography traces the roots of their success and the lasting effects of their championing of science against those who attempted to limit or control it, along the way shedding light on the social organization of science, the interactions of science and the state, and the places of science and scientific men in elite culture in the Victorian era.
Science In The Marketplace
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Author : Aileen Fyfe
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2007-09-10
Science In The Marketplace written by Aileen Fyfe and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-09-10 with Science categories.
The nineteenth century was an age of transformation in science, when scientists were rewarded for their startling new discoveries with increased social status and authority. But it was also a time when ordinary people from across the social spectrum were given the opportunity to participate in science, for education, entertainment, or both. In Victorian Britain science could be encountered in myriad forms and in countless locations: in panoramic shows, exhibitions, and galleries; in city museums and country houses; in popular lectures; and even in domestic conversations that revolved around the latest books and periodicals. Science in the Marketplace reveals this other side of Victorian scientific life by placing the sciences in the wider cultural marketplace, ultimately showing that the creation of new sites and audiences was just as crucial to the growing public interest in science as were the scientists themselves. By focusing attention on the scientific audience, as opposed to the scientific community or self-styled popularizers, Science in the Marketplace ably links larger societal changes—in literacy, in industrial technologies, and in leisure—to the evolution of “popular science.”
The Development Of Science And Technology In Nineteenth Century Britain
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Author : Donald Cardwell
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-11-01
The Development Of Science And Technology In Nineteenth Century Britain written by Donald Cardwell and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-01 with History categories.
This title was first published in 2003. Donald Cardwell's interest in the inter-relationships between science, technology, education and society are exemplified in the selection of his studies and essays brought together here. The first section deals with the rise of scientific education in Britain, comparing it with that on the Continent. The next studies explore the development of the scientific understanding of power, especially steam power, and its application in the new technologies of the Industrial Revolution. The final section looks at learned societies, and in particular at Manchester, making explicit a theme running through many of the articles - the reasons why science, society and education came together to make this city what he called 'the centre of the industrial revolution'.