The Decline Of The World Communist Movement
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The Decline Of The World Communist Movement
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Author : Heinz Timmermann
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-07-11
The Decline Of The World Communist Movement written by Heinz Timmermann and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-07-11 with Political Science categories.
International Communism today is split on a number of ideological and political issues and is incapable of the kind of unified action implied by the term “movement.†So argues Heinz Timmermann in this assessment of the current state of world Communism. Dr. Timmermann discusses the historical concept of a world Communist movement in connection with the USSR and China. Focusing on Communism in the West, he examines such diverse groups as the Communist parties in Italy, France, Portugal, Cyprus, Chile, and Japan. Communist parties in the West are increasingly adjusting their policies to better fit their own cultures, and the author links this independence to the emphasis the Soviet Union’s Communist Party has been placing on the specifically Russian character of the October Revolution and Soviet state interests. Apparently, Moscow is now showing some flexibility in its response to tendencies toward differentiation and pluralism within the system of Communist parties. Gorbachev is less concerned with ideological orthodoxy than with Communists effectively supporting Soviet foreign policy. The author argues that by acceding to the concept of “unity in diversity,†Gorbachev is signaling that the Soviet leadership is willing to look beyond the myth of a world Communist movement.
The Rise And Decline Of International Communism
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Author : Geoffrey Stern
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 1990
The Rise And Decline Of International Communism written by Geoffrey Stern and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with History categories.
>Challenging many of the most deeply held assumptions about the communist world, this original, provocative and wide-ranging book brings new understanding of the international communist movement. The Rise and Decline of International Communismanalyses the changing fortunes of the communist movement from the time of the Comintern to the diffuse and diverse array of socialist and workers parties of today. It argues that while the Bolshevik experiment has left an indelible imprint, still serving as a model for some and a warning to others, national preoccupation's and conflicts of interpretation have produced serious rifts - rifts which have shattered the myth of global communist solidarity and raised question marks over the future of 'communism' as an ideology, movement and way of life. Written by a distinguished academic and broadcaster, lively and accessible, this book is both a basic text and superb overview.
The Rise And Demise Of World Communism
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Author : George W. Breslauer
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021-08-04
The Rise And Demise Of World Communism written by George W. Breslauer and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-04 with Political Science categories.
A concise, readable, and novel interpretation of the history of communist states. Sixteen states came to be ruled by communist parties during the 20th century. One, the Soviet Union, was geographically the largest nation in the world and a superpower. Another, China, had the world's largest population. At communism's high point, its adherents envisioned global triumph. Today, however, only five communist regimes remain in power. Why? In The Rise and Demise of World Communism, George Breslauer, a specialist who has spent decades observing the evolution of communist states, provides a sweeping history of the world communist movement, focusing in particular on what communist states shared in common and why they began to differ from each other over time. Throughout, Breslauer explores the relations among communist states as well as the relations between those states and the world of increasingly affluent, and militarily formidable, democratic-capitalist powers. He finds that these regimes all came to power in the context of warfare or its aftermath, followed by the consolidation of power by a revolutionary elite that valued "revolutionary violence" as the preferred means to an end, based upon Marx's vision of apocalyptic revolution and Lenin's conception of party organization. As Breslauer shows, all these regimes went on to "build socialism" according to a Stalinist template and were initially dedicated to "anti-imperialist struggle" as members of a world communist movement. But their common features gave way to diversity, difference, and defiance after the death of Joseph Stalin in 1953. For many reasons, and in many ways, those differences soon blew apart the world communist movement and eventually led to the collapse of European communism. Even though a few communist regimes still remain in power, the dream of world communism is dead. But the future of the remaining communist regimes is uncertain. An accessible history of one of the most important political phenomena of the past 150 years, The Rise and Demise of World Communism provides readers with a crisp account of the entire movement--from the theories of Marx and Lenin to the on-the-ground policies of Stalin, Mao, Gorbachev, Deng, and other communist leaders-that culminates in our own era.
The Rise And Fall Of Communist Parties In France And Italy
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Author : Marco Di Maggio
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-12-19
The Rise And Fall Of Communist Parties In France And Italy written by Marco Di Maggio and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-19 with Political Science categories.
This book analyzes the dynamics through which the two major communist parties of the capitalist world—which in the 1970s had great influence on their respective national political contexts since the 1980s are increasing their marginality and, although in different forms and with different timeframes are unable to stem the decline of their political and cultural influences on the working classes.
The Global Revolution
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Author : Silvio Pons
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2014-08-28
The Global Revolution written by Silvio Pons and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-08-28 with History categories.
The Global Revolution. A History of International Communism 1917-1991 establishes a relationship between the history of communism and the main processes of globalization in the past century. Drawing on a wealth of archival sources, Silvio Pons analyses the multifaceted and contradictory relationship between the Soviet Union and the international communist movement, to show how communism played a major part in the formation of our modern world. The volume presents the argument that during the age of wars from 1914 to 1945, the establishment of the Soviet state in Russia and the birth of the communist movement had an enormous impact because of their promise of world revolution and international civil war. Such perspective appeared even more plausible in the aftermath of the Second World War and of revolution in China, which paved the way for the expansion of communism in the post-colonial world. Communism challenged the West in the Cold War - by means of anti-capitalist modernization and anti-imperialist mobilization - showing itself to be a powerful factor in the politicization of global trends. However, the international legitimacy of communism declined rapidly in the post-war era. Soviet power exposed its inability to exercise hegemony, as distinct from domination. The consequences of Sovietization in Europe and the break between the Soviet Union and China were the primary reasons for the decline of communist influence and appeal. Since communism lost its political credibility and cultural cohesion, its global project had failed. The ground was prepared for the devastating impact of Western globalization on communist regimes in Europe and the Soviet Union.
Communism On The Decline
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Author : George C. Guins
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Communism On The Decline written by George C. Guins and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Social Science categories.
Communist dictatorship rests not only on a police regime supported by terror. As this writer tried to explain in his previous work, Soviet Law and Soviet Society, the Communist regime is founded to a large degree on the economic dependence of all citizens on the State, as an universal monopolist and a single employer. It is impossible to support such a regime by means of coercion only. Communism tries therefore to impress people with its achievements and to suggest great expectations. It declares itself infallible and invincible. The decay of Communism starts when its achievements cease to satisfy people, when its promises do not raise enthusiasm, and its infallibility becomes exposed; when people begin to understand that the Communist philosophy is based on illusions and its regime is vicious and despotic. When this occurs then coercion proves to be more and more inefficient, and it becomes more and more difficult to secure the people's support. The government begins to feel that the roles are changed and that it is the govern ment which depends on the people rather than the people on the government.
The Red Flag
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Author : David Priestland
language : en
Publisher: Grove Press
Release Date : 2009
The Red Flag written by David Priestland and has been published by Grove Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Political Science categories.
Communism was one of the most powerful political and intellectual movements of the modern world; at the height of its influence over a third of the worlds population lived under Communist rule. And yet very few predicted either its bewildering rise or sudden decline, while even close observers were mystified by its frequent convulsions and turbulent politics.In The Red Flag, David Priestland provides an original account of the Communist movement that fully explores its global impact. He not only discusses the ideas and motivations of its principal thinkers and leaders - from Marx to Mao, from Stalin to Che Guevara, but also asks why Communism inspired its rank and file from the militants of 1920s Russia and the guerrilla fighters of China to the Marxist students of Ethiopia and the urban terrorists of Europe in the 1970s. At same the time The Red Flag explores the experience of living under Communism for its millions of subjects.In his lively and absorbing narrative Priestland stresses how varied a phenomenon Communism was. He traces its emergence in the aftermath of the French Revolution, and shows how those early ideas evolved and mutated as they moved across time and place, from the barricades of Europe in 1848 to the villages of Nepal today.As Priestland shows, Communists may have promised to build just and modern societies, but just as they destroyed old structures of privilege, they simultaneously built new ones. This central paradox, together with economic failure and a history of horrifying violence would, by the 1980s, leave the Communist project in tatters. Even so, Communist parties are still in power in Asia and Latin America and, as Priestland emphasizes, Communism has played a central role in the history of the modern world - not only through its militaristic political systems, but also its broader influence on ideas and culture. At a time when the post-Cold War order is itself in crisis and we enter a new phase of global political and economic uncertainty, The Red Flag is essential reading.
Vanguard Of The Revolution
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Author : A. James McAdams
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2017-09-05
Vanguard Of The Revolution written by A. James McAdams and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-05 with History categories.
The first comprehensive political history of the communist party Vanguard of the Revolution is a sweeping history of one of the most significant political institutions of the modern world. The communist party was a revolutionary idea long before its supporters came to power. In this book, A. James McAdams argues that the rise and fall of communism can be understood only by taking into account the origins and evolution of this compelling idea. He shows how the leaders of parties in countries as diverse as the Soviet Union, China, Germany, Yugoslavia, Cuba, and North Korea adapted the original ideas of revolutionaries like Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin to profoundly different social and cultural settings. Taking readers from the drafting of The Communist Manifesto in the 1840s to the dissolution of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s, McAdams describes the decisive role played by individual rulers in the success of their respective parties—men like Joseph Stalin, Mao Zedong, and Fidel Castro. He demonstrates how these personalities drew on vying conceptions of the party’s functions to mesmerize their followers, mobilize their populations, and transform their societies. He also shows how many of these figures abused these ideas to justify incomprehensible acts of inhumanity. McAdams explains why communist parties lasted as long as they did, and why they either disappeared or ceased to be meaningful institutions by the close of the twentieth century. The first comprehensive political history of the communist party, Vanguard of the Revolution is essential reading for anyone seeking to understand world communism and the captivating idea that gave it life.
National Communism
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Author : Peter Zwick
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-03-04
National Communism written by Peter Zwick and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-04 with History categories.
According to the generally accepted view that nationalism is alien to communism and that internationalism disallows divisions based on nations, the existence of national communism is often interpreted as a sign of the breakup of the world communist movement. This book reexamines the evidence on the role of nations and national variations, beginning with Marx and moving through Leninism and Stalinism to Titoism, Maoism, Castroism, and current national liberation movements (e.g., in Nicaragua). Professor Zwick concludes that nationalism has always been an inherent element of communism. He demonstrates with numerous concrete cases that, rather than signaling the decline of communism, national adaptation is the source of its strength. The limits of national variation as defined by the Brezhnev Doctrine are precisely defined and examined in the cases of Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and Poland. The book bridges the gap between Marxist theory and communist practice with respect to the central role that nationalism will continue to play in the contemporary world. No other study presents this material in a cross-national, comparative perspective.
Vanished Ideology A
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Author : Matthew B. Hoffman
language : en
Publisher: SUNY Press
Release Date : 2016-06-16
Vanished Ideology A written by Matthew B. Hoffman and has been published by SUNY Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-16 with Political Science categories.
First comprehensive examination of the rise and decline of the Jewish communist movement in the English-speaking world. While a number of books and articles have been written about Jewish Communist organizations and their supporters in particular countries, an academic treatment of the overall movement per se has yet to be published. A Vanished Ideology examines the politics of the Jewish Communist movement in Australia, Canada, Great Britain, South Africa, and the United States. Though officially part of the larger world Communist movement, it developed its own specific ideology, which was infused as much by Jewish sources as it was inspired by the Bolshevik revolution. The Yiddish language groups, especially, were interconnected through international movements such as the World Jewish Cultural Union. Jewish Communists were able to communicate, disseminate information, and debate issues such as Jewish nationality and statehood independently of other Communists, and Jewish Communism remained a significant force in Jewish life until the mid-1950s.