The Determinants Of Economic Self Sufficiency Among Single Mothers Who Received Long Term Aid To Families With Dependent Children
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The Determinants Of Economic Self Sufficiency Among Single Mothers Who Received Long Term Aid To Families With Dependent Children
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Author : Sara Pines
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1985
The Determinants Of Economic Self Sufficiency Among Single Mothers Who Received Long Term Aid To Families With Dependent Children written by Sara Pines and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Aid to families with dependent children programs categories.
The Transition Of Single Mothers On Public Assistance To Economic Self Sufficiency
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Author : Louise Anne Parker
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
The Transition Of Single Mothers On Public Assistance To Economic Self Sufficiency written by Louise Anne Parker and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Single mothers categories.
The study explored a model that integrates human capital, family resource, employment and psychosocial factors to explain variation in economic self-sufficiency (ESS) among single mothers. A sample of 851 single mothers on Aid to Families with Dependent Children was selected from the Washington State Family Income Study data base. Data from a three-year period (6/88-5/91) were utilized to describe and analyze single mothers in transition from welfare. When compared to a sample of non-poor single mothers, mothers on public assistance differed significantly in several ways: They were younger, had more children and were more likely to have parents who received public assistance. Educational levels were significantly lower, as was employment activity. Economic self-sufficiency was measured as the ratio of welfare benefits to household income. Degree of ESS improved over the three-year period: While 60 percent of single mothers relied on welfare for more than half their income in the first year, only 45 percent did by the third year. In analyzing differences in degrees of economic self-sufficiency among single mothers, the following groups of mothers had significantly higher degrees of welfare reliance: never-married and divorced mothers; mothers with a child under age two; mothers with three or more children; non-white mothers; and mothers living in public housing. A path analysis was conducted to determine the relative influence of human capital, family resource, employment and psychosocial factors on later economic self-sufficiency. Number of children and receipt of subsidies positively affected welfare reliance. Education, number of adults in the household and number of months employed negatively affected degree of welfare reliance. A key finding was that, after controlling for differences in human capital, family resources and employment activity, workplace support retained a highly significant, inverse relationship with degree of welfare reliance. Sense of personal control and social support had both direct and indirect effects on degree of welfare reliance, establishing that psychosocial factors mediate impacts of human capital, family and employment factors on economic self-sufficiency. The results support the viability of utilizing stress models to examine objective economic outcomes in future research.
The Search For Economic Self Sufficiency
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Author : Marla K. Butcher
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
The Search For Economic Self Sufficiency written by Marla K. Butcher and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with categories.
Comprehensive Dissertation Index
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Comprehensive Dissertation Index written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Dissertations, Academic categories.
Making Ends Meet
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Author : Kathryn Edin
language : en
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
Release Date : 1997-04-17
Making Ends Meet written by Kathryn Edin and has been published by Russell Sage Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-04-17 with Social Science categories.
Welfare mothers are popularly viewed as passively dependent on their checks and averse to work. Reformers across the political spectrum advocate moving these women off the welfare rolls and into the labor force as the solution to their problems. Making Ends Meet offers dramatic evidence toward a different conclusion: In the present labor market, unskilled single mothers who hold jobs are frequently worse off than those on welfare, and neither welfare nor low-wage employment alone will support a family at subsistence levels. Kathryn Edin and Laura Lein interviewed nearly four hundred welfare and low-income single mothers from cities in Massachusetts, Texas, Illinois, and South Carolina over a six year period. They learned the reality of these mothers' struggles to provide for their families: where their money comes from, what they spend it on, how they cope with their children's needs, and what hardships they suffer. Edin and Lein's careful budgetary analyses reveal that even a full range of welfare benefits—AFDC payments, food stamps, Medicaid, and housing subsidies—typically meet only three-fifths of a family's needs, and that funds for adequate food, clothing and other necessities are often lacking. Leaving welfare for work offers little hope for improvement, and in many cases threatens even greater hardship. Jobs for unskilled and semi-skilled women provide meager salaries, irregular or uncertain hours, frequent layoffs, and no promise of advancement. Mothers who work not only assume extra child care, medical, and transportation expenses but are also deprived of many of the housing and educational subsidies available to those on welfare. Regardless of whether they are on welfare or employed, virtually all these single mothers need to supplement their income with menial, off-the-books work and intermittent contributions from family, live-in boyfriends, their children's fathers, and local charities. In doing so, they pay a heavy price. Welfare mothers must work covertly to avoid losing benefits, while working mothers are forced to sacrifice even more time with their children. Making Ends Meet demonstrates compellingly why the choice between welfare and work is more complex and risky than is commonly recognized by politicians, the media, or the public. Almost all the welfare-reliant women interviewed by Edin and Lein made repeated efforts to leave welfare for work, only to be forced to return when they lost their jobs, a child became ill, or they could not cover their bills with their wages. Mothers who managed more stable employment usually benefited from a variety of mitigating circumstances such as having a relative willing to watch their children for free, regular child support payments, or very low housing, medical, or commuting costs. With first hand accounts and detailed financial data, Making Ends Meet tells the real story of the challenges, hardships, and survival strategies of America's poorest families. If this country's efforts to improve the self-sufficiency of female-headed families is to succeed, reformers will need to move beyond the myths of welfare dependency and deal with the hard realities of an unrewarding American labor market, the lack of affordable health insurance and child care for single mothers who work, and the true cost of subsistence living. Making Ends Meet is a realistic look at a world that so many would change and so few understand.
Barriers To Self Sufficiency For Single Female Heads Of Families
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Operations. Intergovernmental Relations and Human Resources Subcommittee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1985
Barriers To Self Sufficiency For Single Female Heads Of Families written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Operations. Intergovernmental Relations and Human Resources Subcommittee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Occupational training categories.
American Doctoral Dissertations
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1985
American Doctoral Dissertations written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Dissertation abstracts categories.
Sociological Abstracts
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Sociological Abstracts written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Sociology categories.
CSA Sociological Abstracts abstracts and indexes the international literature in sociology and related disciplines in the social and behavioral sciences. The database provides abstracts of journal articles and citations to book reviews drawn from over 1,800+ serials publications, and also provides abstracts of books, book chapters, dissertations, and conference papers.
How Low Income Single Mothers Leave Welfare For Economic Self Sufficiency
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Author : Robert Leibson Hawkins
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
How Low Income Single Mothers Leave Welfare For Economic Self Sufficiency written by Robert Leibson Hawkins and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Public welfare categories.
Hud Reinvention
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking and Financial Services. Subcommittee on Housing and Community Opportunity
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Hud Reinvention written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking and Financial Services. Subcommittee on Housing and Community Opportunity and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Business & Economics categories.