The Transition Of Single Mothers On Public Assistance To Economic Self Sufficiency
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The Transition Of Single Mothers On Public Assistance To Economic Self Sufficiency
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Author : Louise Anne Parker
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
The Transition Of Single Mothers On Public Assistance To Economic Self Sufficiency written by Louise Anne Parker and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Single mothers categories.
The study explored a model that integrates human capital, family resource, employment and psychosocial factors to explain variation in economic self-sufficiency (ESS) among single mothers. A sample of 851 single mothers on Aid to Families with Dependent Children was selected from the Washington State Family Income Study data base. Data from a three-year period (6/88-5/91) were utilized to describe and analyze single mothers in transition from welfare. When compared to a sample of non-poor single mothers, mothers on public assistance differed significantly in several ways: They were younger, had more children and were more likely to have parents who received public assistance. Educational levels were significantly lower, as was employment activity. Economic self-sufficiency was measured as the ratio of welfare benefits to household income. Degree of ESS improved over the three-year period: While 60 percent of single mothers relied on welfare for more than half their income in the first year, only 45 percent did by the third year. In analyzing differences in degrees of economic self-sufficiency among single mothers, the following groups of mothers had significantly higher degrees of welfare reliance: never-married and divorced mothers; mothers with a child under age two; mothers with three or more children; non-white mothers; and mothers living in public housing. A path analysis was conducted to determine the relative influence of human capital, family resource, employment and psychosocial factors on later economic self-sufficiency. Number of children and receipt of subsidies positively affected welfare reliance. Education, number of adults in the household and number of months employed negatively affected degree of welfare reliance. A key finding was that, after controlling for differences in human capital, family resources and employment activity, workplace support retained a highly significant, inverse relationship with degree of welfare reliance. Sense of personal control and social support had both direct and indirect effects on degree of welfare reliance, establishing that psychosocial factors mediate impacts of human capital, family and employment factors on economic self-sufficiency. The results support the viability of utilizing stress models to examine objective economic outcomes in future research.
The Search For Economic Self Sufficiency
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Author : Marla K. Butcher
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
The Search For Economic Self Sufficiency written by Marla K. Butcher and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with categories.
Doing Without
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Author : Jane Henrici
language : en
Publisher: University of Arizona Press
Release Date : 2006-10-26
Doing Without written by Jane Henrici and has been published by University of Arizona Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-10-26 with Political Science categories.
The welfare reform legislation enacted in 1996 was applauded by many for the successes it had in dramatically reducing the number of people receiving public assistance, most of whom were women with children. Today, however, more than a decade later, these successes seem far less spectacular. Although the total number of welfare recipients has dropped by more than fifty percent nationwide, evidence shows that poverty has actually deepened. Many hardworking women are no better off for having returned to the workplace. In Doing Without, Jane Henrici brings together nine contributions to tell the story of welfare reform from inside the lives of the women who live with it. Cases from Chicago and Boston are combined with a focus on San Antonio from one of the largest multi-city investigations on welfare reform ever undertaken. The contributors argue that the employment opportunities available to poorer women, particularly single mothers and ethnic minorities, are insufficient to lift their families out of poverty. Typically marked by variable hours, inadequate wages, and short-term assignments, both employment and training programs fail to provide stability or the kinds of benefitsÑsuch as health insurance, sick days, and childcare optionsÑthat are necessary to sustain both work and family life. The chapters also examine the challenges that the women who seek assistance, and those who work in public and private agencies to provide it, together must face as they navigate ever-changing requirements and regulations, decipher alterations in Medicaid, and apply for training and education. Contributors urge that the nation should repair the social safety net for women in transition and offer genuine access to jobs with wages that actually meet the cost of living.
Making The Work Based Safety Net Work Better
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Author : Carolyn J. Heinrich
language : en
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
Release Date : 2009-06-02
Making The Work Based Safety Net Work Better written by Carolyn J. Heinrich and has been published by Russell Sage Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-06-02 with Business & Economics categories.
Work first. That is the core idea behind the 1996 welfare reform legislation. It sounds appealing, but according to Making the Work-Based Safety Net Work Better, it collides with an exceptionally difficult reality. The degree to which work provides a way out of poverty depends greatly on the ability of low-skilled people to maintain stable employment and make progress toward an income that provides an adequate standard of living. This forward-looking volume examines eight areas of the safety net where families are falling through and describes how current policies and institutions could evolve to enhance the self-sufficiency of low-income families. David Neumark analyzes a range of labor market policies and finds overwhelming evidence that the minimum wage is ineffective in promoting self-sufficiency. Neumark suggests the Earned Income Tax Credit is a much more promising policy to boost employment among single mothers and family incomes. Greg Duncan, Lisa Gennetian, and Pamela Morris find no evidence that encouraging parents to work leads to better parenting, improved psychological health, or more positive role models for children. Instead, the connection between parental work and child achievement is linked to parents' improved access to quality child care. Rebecca Blank and Brian Kovak document an alarming increase in the number of single mothers who receive neither wages nor public assistance and who are significantly more likely to suffer from medical problems of their own or of a child. Time caps and work hour requirements embedded in benefits policies leave some mothers unable to work and ineligible for cash benefits. Marcia Meyers and Janet Gornick identify another gap: low-income families tend to lose financial support and health coverage long before they earn enough to access employer-based benefits and tax provisions. They propose building "institutional bridges" that minimize discontinuities associated with changes in employment, earnings, or family structure. Steven Raphael addresses a particularly troubling weakness of the work-based safety net—its inadequate provision for the large number of individuals who are or were incarcerated in the United States. He offers tractable suggestions for policy changes that could ease their transition back into non-institutionalized society and the labor market. Making the Work-Based Safety Net Work Better shows that the "work first" approach alone isn't working and suggests specific ways the social welfare system might be modified to produce greater gains for vulnerable families.
Einige Darstellungen Und Aufruf An Das Gesammte Kanton St Gallische Volk
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1830
Einige Darstellungen Und Aufruf An Das Gesammte Kanton St Gallische Volk written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1830 with categories.
How Low Income Single Mothers Leave Welfare For Economic Self Sufficiency
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Author : Robert Leibson Hawkins
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
How Low Income Single Mothers Leave Welfare For Economic Self Sufficiency written by Robert Leibson Hawkins and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Public welfare categories.
The Determinants Of Economic Self Sufficiency Among Single Mothers Who Received Long Term Aid To Families With Dependent Children
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Author : Sara Pines
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1985
The Determinants Of Economic Self Sufficiency Among Single Mothers Who Received Long Term Aid To Families With Dependent Children written by Sara Pines and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Aid to families with dependent children programs categories.
Single Parent Families
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Author : Marvin B Sussman
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-05-12
Single Parent Families written by Marvin B Sussman and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-12 with Family & Relationships categories.
Here is a comprehensive source of vital information on single parent families in contemporary society. This book analyzes literature and empirical research concerning single parent families and explores issues and challenges they face. Contributing authors from many fields and perspectives examine a broad range of subjects relating to families in which one person is primarily responsible for parenting. The only state-of-the-art compendium on the topic of single parent families available today, the book synthesizes empirical, theoretical, and contemporary literature about the diversity, myths, and realities of single parent families in western countries. Each chapter contains a demographic overview, definitions, a literature review, and implications for practice, research, education, and social policy. Theoretical and conceptual perspectives related to parenting and wider families are included. An analysis, synthesis, and commentary on single parent families concludes the volume. Themes highlighted throughout the book include socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of single parent families, cultural and ethnic features, and legal and ethical components. Some chapter topics include: single parenthood following divorce single parenthood following death of a spouse never married teen mothers and fathers female-headed homeless families adoptions by single parents noncustodial mothers and fathers grandparents as primary parents single parents of children with disabilities Single Parent Families contains additional resources useful for family professionals: an annotated bibliography, a video/filmography, and a national community resource list. The book is intended for a multidisciplinary audience, including sociologists, psychologists, health care professionals, social workers, therapists, and other researchers, clinicians, policymakers, and educators. An ideal primary or reference text for undergraduate and graduate level programs, the book can also serve as a tool for staff development and continuing education in service agencies.
Women In Transition 1983
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Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Labor and Human Resources
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
Women In Transition 1983 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Labor and Human Resources and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Displaced homemakers categories.
Focus On Single Parent Families
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Author : Annice Yarber
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Release Date : 2010-02-26
Focus On Single Parent Families written by Annice Yarber and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-02-26 with Family & Relationships categories.
A groundbreaking collection of writings on the growing phenomenon of single-parent families in the United States, and how it impacts society as a whole. Focus on Single-Parent Families: Past, Present, and Future brings together in one volume a range of cutting-edge research articles and essays on what has become the most dynamic change in family structure in U.S. history. It is the only resource to make the most insightful and important work being done on the single-parent family phenomena accessible to general readers. Focus on Single-Parent Families helps readers go beyond the stereotypes and look closely at the complexity of families with one parent and consider their place in society. It encompasses the wide variety of households with a single parent—a family structure that promises to continue to grow and diversify. Throughout, the book gauges the impact of the increasing number of single-parent families on the nation as a whole, particularly in regard to policies concerning family welfare, children's services and health care, schools, and other essential social institutions.