The Detroit School Busing Case
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The Detroit School Busing Case
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Author : Joyce A. Baugh
language : en
Publisher: University Press of Kansas
Release Date : 2011-02-16
The Detroit School Busing Case written by Joyce A. Baugh and has been published by University Press of Kansas this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-02-16 with Law categories.
In the wake of Brown v. Board of Education, racial equality in American public education appeared to have a bright future. But, for many, that brightness dimmed considerably following the Supreme Court's landmark decision in Milliken v. Bradley (1974). While the literature on Brown is voluminous, Joyce Baugh's measured and insightful study offers the only available book-length analysis of Milliken, the first major desegregation case to originate outside the South. As Baugh chronicles, when the city of Detroit sought to address school segregation by busing white students to black schools, a Michigan statute signed by Gov. William Milliken overruled the plan. In response, the NAACP sued the state on behalf of Ronald Bradley and other affected parents. The federal district court sided with the plaintiffs and ordered the city and state to devise a "metropolitan" plan that crossed city lines into the suburbs and encompassed a total of fifty-four school districts. The state, however, appealed that decision all the way to the Supreme Court. In its controversial 5-4 decision, the Court's new conservative majority ruled that, since there was no evidence that the suburban school districts had deliberately engaged in a policy of segregation, the lower court's remedy was "wholly impermissible" and not justified by Brown—which the Court said could only address de jure, not de facto segregation. While the Court's majority expressed concern that the district court's remedy threatened the sanctity of local control over schools, the minority contended that the decision would allow residential segregation to be used as a valid excuse for school segregation. To reconstruct the proceedings and give all claims a fair hearing, Baugh interviewed lawyers representing both sides in the case, as well as the federal district judge who eventually closed the litigation; plumbed the papers of Justices Blackmun, Brennan, Douglas, and Marshall; talked with the main reporter who covered the case; and researched the NAACP files on Milliken. What emerges is a detailed account of how and why Milliken came about, as well as its impact on the Court's school-desegregation jurisprudence and on public education in American cities.
Trial And Error
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Author : Eleanor Paperno Wolf
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981
Trial And Error written by Eleanor Paperno Wolf and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with Education categories.
The Rise And Fall Of An Urban School System
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Author : Jeffrey Mirel
language : en
Publisher: University of Michigan Press
Release Date : 1999
The Rise And Fall Of An Urban School System written by Jeffrey Mirel and has been published by University of Michigan Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Business & Economics categories.
The updated edition of the difficulties faced by the Detroit public schools and the historical reasons that led to the present situation
The Burger Court And The Rise Of The Judicial Right
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Author : Michael J. Graetz
language : en
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Release Date : 2017-06-06
The Burger Court And The Rise Of The Judicial Right written by Michael J. Graetz and has been published by Simon and Schuster this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-06 with History categories.
The magnitude of the Burger Court has been underestimated by historians. When Richard Nixon ran for president in 1968, "Impeach Earl Warren" billboards dotted the landscape, especially in the South. Nixon promised to transform the Supreme Court--and with four appointments, including a new chief justice, he did. This book tells the story of the Supreme Court that came in between the liberal Warren Court and the conservative Rehnquist and Roberts Courts: the seventeen years, 1969 to 1986, under Chief Justice Warren Burger. It is a period largely written off as a transitional era at the Supreme Court when, according to the common verdict, "nothing happened." How wrong that judgment is. The Burger Court had vitally important choices to make: whether to push school desegregation across district lines; how to respond to the sexual revolution and its new demands for women's equality; whether to validate affirmative action on campuses and in the workplace; whether to shift the balance of criminal law back toward the police and prosecutors; what the First Amendment says about limits on money in politics. The Burger Court forced a president out of office while at the same time enhancing presidential power. It created a legacy that in many ways continues to shape how we live today. Written with a keen sense of history and expert use of the justices' personal papers, this book sheds new light on an important era in American political and legal history.--Adapted from dust jacket.
Beyond Busing
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Author : Paul R. Dimond
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005-11-28
Beyond Busing written by Paul R. Dimond and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-11-28 with Education categories.
Discusses the landmark school and housing desegregation cases of the 1970s
Why Busing Failed
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Author : Matthew F. Delmont
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2016-03
Why Busing Failed written by Matthew F. Delmont and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03 with History categories.
"Busing, in which students were transported by school buses to achieve court-ordered or voluntary school desegregation, became one of the nation's most controversial civil rights issues in the decades after Brown v. Board of Education (1954). Examining battles over school desegregation in cities like Boston, Chicago, New York, and Pontiac, [this book posits that] school officials, politicians, courts, and the news media valued the desires of white parents more than the rights of black students, and how antibusing parents and politicians borrowed media strategies from the civil rights movement to thwart busing for school desegregation"--Provided by publisher.
An African American Dilemma
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Author : Zoë Burkholder
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021-07-05
An African American Dilemma written by Zoë Burkholder and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-05 with Social Science categories.
An African American Dilemma offers the first social history of northern Black debates over school integration versus separation from the 1840s to the present. Since Brown v. Board of Education in 1954 Americans have viewed school integration as a central tenet of the Black civil rights movement. Yet, school integration was not the only--or even always the dominant--civil rights strategy. At times, African Americans also fought for separate, Black controlled schools dedicated to racial uplift and community empowerment. An African American Dilemma offers a social history of these debates within northern Black communities from the 1840s to the present. Drawing on sources including the Black press, school board records, social science studies, the papers of civil rights activists, and court cases, it reveals that northern Black communities, urban and suburban, vacillated between a preference for either school integration or separation during specific eras. Yet, there was never a consensus. It also highlights the chorus of dissent, debate, and counter-narratives that pushed families to consider a fuller range of educational reforms. A sweeping historical analysis that covers the entire history of public education in the North, this work complicates our understanding of school integration by highlighting the diverse perspectives of Black students, parents, teachers, and community leaders all committed to improving public education. It finds that Black school integrationists and separatists have worked together in a dynamic tension that fueled effective strategies for educational reform and the Black civil rights movement, a discussion that continues to be highly charged in present-day schooling choices.
Troublemakers
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Author : Kathryn Schumaker
language : en
Publisher: NYU Press
Release Date : 2019-07-02
Troublemakers written by Kathryn Schumaker and has been published by NYU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-07-02 with History categories.
A powerful history of student protests and student rights during the desegregation era In the late 1960s, protests led by students roiled high schools across the country. As school desegregation finally took place on a wide scale, students of color were particularly vocal in contesting the racial discrimination they saw in school policies and practices. And yet, these young people had no legal right to express dissent at school. It was not until 1969 that the Supreme Court would recognize the First Amendment rights of students in the landmark Tinker v. Des Moines case. A series of students’ rights lawsuits in the desegregation era challenged everything from school curricula to disciplinary policies. But in casting students as “troublemakers” or as “culturally deficient,” school authorities and other experts persuaded the courts to set limits on rights protections that made students of color disproportionately vulnerable to suspension and expulsion. Troublemakers traces the history of black and Chicano student protests from small-town Mississippi to metropolitan Denver and beyond, showcasing the stories of individual protesters and demonstrating how their actions contributed to the eventual recognition of the constitutional rights of all students. Offering a fresh interpretation of this pivotal era, Troublemakers shows that when black and Chicano teenagers challenged racial discrimination in American public schools, they helped remake American constitutional law and establish protections of free speech, due process, equal protection, and privacy for students.
Computerworld
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1974-09-04
Computerworld written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1974-09-04 with categories.
For more than 40 years, Computerworld has been the leading source of technology news and information for IT influencers worldwide. Computerworld's award-winning Web site (Computerworld.com), twice-monthly publication, focused conference series and custom research form the hub of the world's largest global IT media network.
The Transition
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Author : Daniel Kiel
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 2023-04-04
The Transition written by Daniel Kiel and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-04-04 with Law categories.
Every Supreme Court transition presents an opportunity for a shift in the balance of the third branch of American government, but the replacement of Thurgood Marshall with Clarence Thomas in 1991 proved particularly momentous. Not only did it shift the ideological balance on the Court; it was inextricably entangled with the persistent American dilemma of race. In The Transition, this most significant transition is explored through the lives and writings of the first two African American justices on Court, touching on the lasting consequences for understandings of American citizenship as well as the central currents of Black political thought over the past century. In their lives, Thurgood Marshall and Clarence Thomas experienced the challenge of living and learning in a world that had enslaved their relatives and that continued to subjugate members of their racial group. On the Court, their judicial writings—often in concurrences or dissents—richly illustrate the ways in which these two individuals embodied these crucial American (and African American) debates—on the balance between state and federal authority, on the government's responsibility to protect its citizens against discrimination, and on the best strategies for pursuing justice. The gap between Justices Marshall and Thomas on these questions cannot be overstated, and it reveals an extraordinary range of thought that has yet to be fully appreciated. The 1991 transition from Justice Marshall to Justice Thomas has had consequences that are still unfolding at the Court and in society. Arguing that the importance of this transition has been obscured by the relegation of these Justices to the sidelines of Supreme Court history, Daniel Kiel shows that it is their unique perspective as Black justices – the lives they have lived as African Americans and the rooting of their judicial philosophies in the relationship of government to African Americans – that makes this succession echo across generations.