The Diachrony Of Definiteness In North Germanic
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The Diachrony Of Definiteness In North Germanic
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Author : Dominika Skrzypek
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2021-05-25
The Diachrony Of Definiteness In North Germanic written by Dominika Skrzypek and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-25 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book is an account of the rise of definite and indefinite articles in Danish, Swedish and Icelandic, as documented in a choice of extant texts from 1200-1550. These three North Germanic languages show different development patterns in the rise of articles, despite the common origin, but each reveals interdependencies between the two processes. The matter is approached from both a quantitative and a qualitative perspective. The statistical analysis provides an improved overview on article grammaticalization, focusing on the factors at the basis of such process. The in-depth qualitative analysis of longer text passages places the crucial stage of the definite article grammaticalization with the so-called indirect anaphoric reference.
Variation In Nominal Possessive Expressions
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Author : Alicja Piotrowska
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2023-11-27
Variation In Nominal Possessive Expressions written by Alicja Piotrowska and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-11-27 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book is an account of the variation between two possessive constructions in Danish and Swedish: the s-genitive (husets tak ‘the house’s roof’), and the prepositional construction (taket på huset ‘the roof of the house’). Present-day corpus data, as well as historical data (texts from 1250–1550) are explored. Through statistical and qualitative analysis, various factors that influence the choice between the two constructions are identified. The book offers new data on the genitive variation in Danish and Swedish. The approach is also novel as two closely related Scandinavian languages are compared from both a historical and a contemporary perspective.
Grammatical Gaps Definition Typology And Theory
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Author : Thomas Strobel
language : en
Publisher: Helmut Buske Verlag
Release Date : 2023-12-11
Grammatical Gaps Definition Typology And Theory written by Thomas Strobel and has been published by Helmut Buske Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-11 with Literary Criticism categories.
Grammatiken sind (metaphorisch gesprochen) Anweisungen zum richtigen Gebrauch einer Sprache. Interessanterweise zeigen Grammatiken offenbar Lücken, die dadurch entstehen, dass für bestimmte Bereiche Regeln (bzw. Formen) ganz fehlen oder dass sich einzelne Regeln widersprechen und der daraus resultierende Konflikt deren Anwendung verhindert. Grammatische Lücken, auf deren Relevanz für eine 'realistische' Grammatiktheorie wohl zuerst Marga Reis hingewiesen hat, sind in den letzten Jahren schon vereinzelt in den Fokus der Forschung geraten. Das Sonderheft versammelt Arbeiten zu verschiedenen Arten von Lücken und zeigt damit, wie ertragreich und wichtig die Erforschung grammatischer Lücken sein kann. Grammars are (metaphorically speaking) instructions for the correct use of languages. One might expect that grammars are complete, i.e., that they provide an appropriate solution for each utterance context. Interestingly, however, grammars seem to show gaps, which are caused by the fact that rules (or forms) in certain domains are missing completely or that individual rules contradict each other and that the resulting conflict prevents their application. Grammatical gaps, whose relevance for a 'realistic' theory of grammar was probably first pointed out by Marga Reis, have come into the focus of research in recent years. The present special issue collects papers on different kinds of gaps and shows how fruitful and important the investigation of grammatical gaps can prove to be. Inhalt: Introduction – Ralf Vogel: Grammatical gaps, grammatical invention and grammatical theory – André Meinunger: Unexpected finite verb forms in German – cases of grammatical illusion? – Patrick Mächler, Anja Hasse: Gaps of definiteness. Marking of (in)definiteness in Swiss German, Norwegian, Faroese and Elfdalian – Elisabeth Scherr: Attraction of the void. The lack of aspect in German and its effect on language change – Oliver Schallert: Morphological gaps in verbal diminutive formation: Some observations on Alemannic – Julia Bacskai-Atkari: Syntactic paradigms, markedness and similative markers in comparative and relative clauses – Fenna Bergsma: A typology of case competition in headless relatives – Ewa Trutkowski: How sex and gender shape agreement in German relative clauses – Tabea Reiner: What counts as a gap? The case of typological hierarchies
Variation In Nominal Possessive Expressions
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Author : Alicja Piotrowska
language : en
Publisher: Empirical Approaches to Lingui
Release Date : 2023-12-21
Variation In Nominal Possessive Expressions written by Alicja Piotrowska and has been published by Empirical Approaches to Lingui this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-21 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book is an account of the variation between two possessive constructions in Danish and Swedish: the s-genitive and the prepositional construction. Present-day corpus data, as well as historical data (corpus texts from 1250-1550) are explored.
Noun Phrases In Early Germanic Languages
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Author : Kristin Bech
language : en
Publisher: Language Science Press
Release Date : 2024-03-01
Noun Phrases In Early Germanic Languages written by Kristin Bech and has been published by Language Science Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-03-01 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
On the premise that syntactic variation is constrained by factors that may not always be immediately obvious, this volume explores various perspectives on the nominal syntax in the early Germanic languages and the syntactic diversity they display. The fact that these languages are relatively well attested and documented allows for individual cases studies as well as comparative studies. Due to their well-observable common ancestry at the time of their earliest attestations, they moreover permit close-up comparative investigations into closely related languages. Besides the purely empirical aspects, the volume also explores the methodological side of diagnosing, classifying and documenting the details of syntactic diversity. The volume starts with a description by Alexander Pfaff and Gerlof Bouma of the principles underlying the Noun Phrases in Early Germanic Languages (NPEGL) database, before Alexander Pfaff presents the Patternization method for measuring syntactic diversity. Kristin Bech, Hannah Booth, Kersti Börjars, Tine Breban, Svetlana Petrova, and George Walkden carry out a pilot study of noun phrase variation in Old English, Old High German, Old Icelandic, and Old Saxon. Kristin Bech then considers the development of Old English noun phrases with quantifiers meaning ‘many’. Alexandra Rehn’s study is concerned with the inflection of stacked adjectives in Old High German and Alemannic. Old High German is also the topic of Svetlana Petrova’s study, which looks at inflectional patterns of attributive adjectives. With Hannah Booth’s contribution we move to Old Icelandic and the use of the proprial article as a topic management device. Juliane Tiemann investigates adjective position in Old Norwegian. Alexander Pfaff and George Walkden then take a broader view of adjectival articles in early Germanic, before Alexander Pfaff rounds off the volume with a study of a peculiar class of adjectives, the so-called positional predicates, which occur across the early Germanic languages.
Adjective Attribution
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Author : Michael Rießler
language : en
Publisher: Language Science Press
Release Date : 2016-07-15
Adjective Attribution written by Michael Rießler and has been published by Language Science Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-15 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book is the first typological study of adjective attribution marking. Its focus lies on Northern Eurasia, although it covers many more languages and presents an ontology of morphosyntactic categories relevant to noun phrase structure in general. Beside treating synchronic data, the study contributes to historical linguistics by reconstructing the origin of new types specifically in the language contact area between the Indo-European and Uralic families.
Definiteness
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Author : Christopher Lyons
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1999-03-13
Definiteness written by Christopher Lyons and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-03-13 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This 1999 textbook investigates definiteness both from a comparative and a theoretical point of view, showing how languages express definiteness and what definiteness is. It surveys a large number of languages to discover the range of variation in relation to definiteness and related grammatical phenomena, such as demonstratives, possessives and personal pronouns. It outlines work done on the nature of definiteness in semantics, pragmatics and syntax, and develops an account on which definiteness is a grammatical category represented in syntax as a functional head (the widely discussed D). Consideration is also given to the origins and evolution of definite articles in the light of the comparative and theoretical findings. Among the claims advanced are that definiteness does not occur in all languages, though the pragmatic concept which it grammaticalizes probably does.
Functional Heads Volume 7
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Author : Laura Brugé
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2012-06-20
Functional Heads Volume 7 written by Laura Brugé and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-20 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Over the last two decades, functional heads have been one of the privileged objects of research in generative linguistics. However, within this line of inquiry, two alternative approaches have developed: while the cartographic project considers crosslinguistic evidence as crucial for a complete mapping of functional heads in universal grammar, minimalist accounts tend to consider structural economy as literally involving a reduction in the number of available heads. In this volume, some of the most influential linguists who have participated in this long-lasting debate offer their recent work in short, self-contained case studies. The contributions cover all the main layers of recently studied syntactic structure, including such major areas of empirical research as grammaticalization and language change, standard and non-standard varieties, interface issues, and morphosyntax. Functional Heads attempts to map aspects of syntactic structure according to the cartographic approach, and in doing so demonstrates that the differences between cartography and minimalism are perhaps more superficial than substantial.
Functional Heads
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Author : Laura Brugé
language : en
Publisher: OUP USA
Release Date : 2012-06-20
Functional Heads written by Laura Brugé and has been published by OUP USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-20 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The cartographic project considers evidence for a functional head in one language as evidence for it in universal grammar. In this volume, some of the most influential linguists who have participated in this long-lasting debate offer their recent work in short, self contained case studies.
Reference In Discourse
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Author : A. A. Kibrik
language : en
Publisher: Oxford Studies in Typology and
Release Date : 2011-09
Reference In Discourse written by A. A. Kibrik and has been published by Oxford Studies in Typology and this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This is the first full study of how people refer to entities in natural discourse. It contributes to the understanding of both linguistic diversity and the cognitive underpinnings of language and it provides a framework for further research in both fields. Andrej Kibrik focuses on the way specific entities are mentioned in natural discourse, during which about every third word usually depends on referential choice. He considers reference as an overt representation of underlying cognitive processes and combines a theoretically-oriented cognitive approach with empirically-based cross-linguistic analysis. He begins by introducing the cognitive approach to discourse analysis and by examining the relationship between discourse studies and linguistic typology. He discusses reference as a linguistic phenomenon, in connection with the traditional notions of deixis, anaphora, givenness, and topicality, and describes the way his theoretical approach is centered on notions of referent activation in working memory. He argues that the speaker is responsible for the shape of discourse and that referential expressions should be understood as choices made by speakers rather than as puzzles to be solved by addressees. Kibrik examines the cross-linguistic aspects of reference and the typology of referential devices, including referring expressions per se, such as free and bound pronouns, and referential aids that help to tell apart the concurrently activated entities. This discussion is based on the data from about 200 languages from around the world. He then proposes a comprehensive model of referential choice, in which he draws on concepts from cognitive linguistics, psycholinguistics, cognitive psychology, and cognitive neuroscience, and applies this to Russian and English. He also draws together his empirical analyses in order to examine what light his analysis of discourse can shed on the way information is processed in working memory. In the final part of the book Andrej Kibrik offers a wider perspective, including deixis, referential aspects of gesticulation and signed languages. This pioneering work will interest linguists and cognitive scientists interested in discourse, reference, typology, and the operations of working memory in linguistic communication.