The Early Neolithic On The Great Hungarian Plain
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The Early Neolithic On The Great Hungarian Plain
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Author : A. W. R. Whittle
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
The Early Neolithic On The Great Hungarian Plain written by A. W. R. Whittle and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
Bikeri
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Author : Attila Gyucha
language : en
Publisher: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press
Release Date : 2021-11-15
Bikeri written by Attila Gyucha and has been published by Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-15 with History categories.
The transition from the Neolithic period to the Copper Age in the northern Balkans and the Carpathian Basin was marked by significant changes in material culture, settlement layout and organization, and mortuary practices that indicate fundamental social transformations in the middle of the fifth millennium BC. Prior research into the Late Neolithic of the region focused almost exclusively on fortified 'tell' settlements. The Early Copper Age, by contrast, was known primarily from cemeteries such as the type site of Tiszapolgar-Basatanya. This edited book describes the multi-disciplinary research conducted by the Koros Regional Archaeological Project in southeastern Hungary from 2000-2007. Centered around two Early Copper Age Tiszapolgar culture villages in the Koros Region of the Great Hungarian Plain, Veszto-Bikeri and Korosladany-Bikeri, our research incorporated excavation, surface collection, geophysical survey and soil chemistry to investigate settlement layout and organization. Our results yielded the first extensive, systematically collected datasets from Early Copper Age settlements on the Great Hungarian Plain. The two adjacent villages at Bikeri, located only 70 m apart, were similar in size, and both were protected with fortifications. Relative and absolute dates demonstrate that they were occupied sequentially during the Early Copper Age, from ca. 4600-4200 cal B.C. The excavated assemblages from the sites are strikingly similar, suggesting that both were occupied by the same community. This process of settlement relocation after only a few generations breaks from the longer-lasting settlement pattern that are typical of the Late Neolithic, but other aspects of the villages continue traditions that were established during the preceding period, including the construction of enclosure systems and longhouses.
The Social Organization Of Early Copper Age Tribes On The Great Hungarian Plain
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Author : William A. Parkinson
language : en
Publisher: BAR International Series
Release Date : 2006
The Social Organization Of Early Copper Age Tribes On The Great Hungarian Plain written by William A. Parkinson and has been published by BAR International Series this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Archéologie sociale categories.
The research presented in this study focuses upon a 2,000 sq km area in the Körös River Valley, in northern Békés County, eastern Hungary. Within this region, the author analyzes two separate lines of evidence that relate to the changing patterns of social interaction and integration during the Late Neolithic and Early Copper Age periods. Chapter 1 details the scope of the project Chapter 2 develops the theoretical framework. Chapter Three discusses the methodological correlates of this theoretical framework, and addresses the archaeological problem of inferring dynamic social systems from static material remains. The middle range theory and bridging arguments are presented and the problems of measuring social interaction and integration in prehistoric contexts are discussed. Chapter Four presents the archaeological background necessary for understanding the radical social changes that occurred on the Great Hungarian Plain, ca. 4,500 BC. Chapter Five presents the specific research design. Chapter Six provides an overview of the study area and presents the sites and assemblage included in the subsequent analyses. Chapter Seven details the analysis of integration throughout the study area, based upon the spatial data and Chapter Eight lays out the analyses of Early Copper Age interaction, based upon the stylistic data from the Early Copper Age ceramic assemblages. Chapter Nine integrates the analyses presented in Chapters Seven and Eight into a coherent model and attempts to place the study area into the wider temporal and geographic context of the Great Hungarian Plain, and into the wider context of anthropological archaeology.
The Archaeology Of People
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Author : Alisdair Whittle
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2003-09-02
The Archaeology Of People written by Alisdair Whittle and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-09-02 with History categories.
Alasdair Whittle's new work argues powerfully for the complexity and fluidity of life in the Neolithic, through a combination of archaeological and anthropological case studies and current theoretical debate. The book ranges from the sixth to the fourth millennium BC, and from the Great Hungarian Plain, central and western Europe and the Alpine foreland to parts of southern Britain. Familiar terms such as individuals, agency, identity and structure are dealt with, but Professor Whittle emphasises that they are too abstract to be truly useful. Instead, he highlights the multiple dimensions which constituted Neolithic existence: the web of daily routines, group and individual identities, relations with animals, and active but varied attitudes to the past. The result is a vivid, original and perceptive understanding of the early Neolithic which will offer insights to readers at every level.
Soilscapes In Archaeology
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Author : Roderick B. Salisbury
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Soilscapes In Archaeology written by Roderick B. Salisbury and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Excavations (Archaeology) categories.
The places around us are an integral part of our social life. Daily activities are associated with specific living and working areas, and these associations create patterns that reflect the way people behave within defined spaces. Cooking, storage, craftwork, waste disposal, and other daily tasks take place in culturally accepted spaces. These everyday activities leave chemical and geophysical traces in the soil, creating cultural soilscapes. In this book, the author uses the soilscapes from small Late Neolithic and Early Copper Age settlements in the Körös Region of the Great Hungarian Plain to explore the relationship between spatial distributions and community organization during the major social and economic transformations that occurred at the turn of the Neolithic and Copper Age. Focusing on soil, rather than on artifact distributions or architecture, reveals patterns of continuity in spatial organization at small settlements. This contrasts with the spatial organization at large, nucleated Late Neolithic settlements, which differs considerably. The proposed model of household clusters and activity zones provides a framework for understanding shifts in spatial structure as they relate to social organization, and will prove useful in other regions and periods of cultural transformation.
M Htelek
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Author : Nándor Kalicz
language : en
Publisher: British Archaeological Reports
Release Date : 2011
M Htelek written by Nándor Kalicz and has been published by British Archaeological Reports this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Social Science categories.
Archaeolingua Central European Series 6 Méhtelek lies in the easternmost corner of County Szabolcs-Szatmár (Carpathians, eastern Hungary). The importance of this archaeological site is manifold. The finds from the 1973 excavation and the fresh archaeological information provided by the site confirmed earlier speculations that the broader region had been part of the Early Neolithic world. The finds enabled the separation of the Méhtelek group, a variant of the Körös culture of the Alföld (the Hungarian Plain), as well as the precise cultural and chronological attribution of several assemblages of stray finds, which had earlier simply been classified as Neolithic, to the Méhtelek group of the Alföld Körös culture. Assemblages related to or identical with the finds from Méhtelek came to light in the north-easterly region of the Alföld (principally in County Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg) and in the neighbouring regions of Romania and the Ukraine. Although the number of known sites is low, the currently known fourteen sites outline the boundaries of the group's distribution. The number of sites will undoubtedly increase in the future. Owing to various technical and other reasons, many decades have elapsed between the site's excavation and the publication of the final report on the Méhtelek site and its finds. No more than a few preliminary and incomplete reports have been published to date, some of them leading to misunderstandings and erroneous conclusions. The time is more than ripe for the publication of this report.
Isotope Analysis On The Great Hungarian Plain
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Author : Julia Giblin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Isotope Analysis On The Great Hungarian Plain written by Julia Giblin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
In this book, the author uses the soilscapes from small Late Neolithic and Early Copper Age settlements in the Körös Region of the Great Hungarian Plain to explore the relationship between spatial distributions and community organization during the major social and economic transformations that occurred at the turn of the Neolithic and Copper Age.
The Late Neolithic Tell Settlement At Polg R Cs Szhalom Hungary
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Author : Eszter Bánffy
language : en
Publisher: British Archaeological Reports Oxford Limited
Release Date : 2007
The Late Neolithic Tell Settlement At Polg R Cs Szhalom Hungary written by Eszter Bánffy and has been published by British Archaeological Reports Oxford Limited this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with History categories.
Oxbow says: This important Late Neolithic tell site on the Great Hungarian Plain was first investigated by Ida Bognar-Kutzian in 1957 and further investigations were conducted after her death by Eszter Banffy, in 1989.
The Oxford Handbook Of Neolithic Europe
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Author : Chris Fowler
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2015-03-26
The Oxford Handbook Of Neolithic Europe written by Chris Fowler and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-03-26 with Social Science categories.
The Neolithic —a period in which the first sedentary agrarian communities were established across much of Europe—has been a key topic of archaeological research for over a century. However, the variety of evidence across Europe, the range of languages in which research is carried out, and the way research traditions in different countries have developed makes it very difficult for both students and specialists to gain an overview of continent-wide trends. The Oxford Handbook of Neolithic Europe provides the first comprehensive, geographically extensive, thematic overview of the European Neolithic —from Iberia to Russia and from Norway to Malta —offering both a general introduction and a clear exploration of key issues and current debates surrounding evidence and interpretation. Chapters written by leading experts in the field examine topics such as the movement of plants, animals, ideas, and people (including recent trends in the application of genetics and isotope analyses); cultural change (from the first appearance of farming to the first metal artefacts); domestic architecture; subsistence; material culture; monuments; and burial and other treatments of the dead. In doing so, the volume also considers the history of research and sets out agendas and themes for future work in the field.
Settlements Sediments And Space
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Author : Roderick Salisbury
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Settlements Sediments And Space written by Roderick Salisbury and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
This dissertation develops a conceptual and methodological model for studying the spatial organization of small agrarian settlements during the Late Neolithic and Early Copper Age (c. 5000-4500 BC) in the Berettyó-Körös basin of eastern Hungary. Methodologically, I examined and compared Late Neolithic and Early Copper Age settlements at two scales: at intra-site level I used geochemistry and the textural and visual qualities of sediments to characterize use of space at seven farmsteads. The patterning of chemicals and other soil characteristics show clear evidence of activity areas. At the regional scale I examined the distribution of these settlements in relation to palaeohydrology, soil characteristics and other settlements.^I interpreted these combined data sets in light of how landscape both structured and is constructed by human society, developing the concept of soil as material culture as a way to understand how changes in soils brought about through habitation and agriculture - that is the development of cultural soilscapes - could influence people's perceptions of their place in the world. The concepts of practice, relationism and soil as material culture allowed me to develop understandings of how Neolithic people engaged in a dialogue with the materiality of soil in the formation of communities. The model enables the identification of three general areas within a household cluster or hamlet; open spaces, intensively used pits and activity areas, and household and/or communal refuse locations.^Results indicate that people maintained traditions of activity and house location within small farmsteads during both the Late Neolithic and Early Copper Age, as seen through patterns of chemical enrichment and sediments in household clusters. These patterns also indicate that small farmsteads from both periods share a different spatial organisation from large, nucleated Late Neolithic villages. I argue that this continuity in one aspect of life reflects deep-running beliefs about community and place, beliefs that are related to intimate connection with the soil and are not necessarily reflected in ceramic decorations. Through these, the relations between different scales of communities and variability in regional settlement patterns, exchange and mortuary customs can be seen as variability partially enabled through the continuity afforded by cultural soilscapes.