The Economic Impact Of Public Support To Agriculture
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The Economic Impact Of Public Support To Agriculture
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Author : Virgil Ball
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-07-27
The Economic Impact Of Public Support To Agriculture written by Virgil Ball and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-07-27 with Business & Economics categories.
Despite a gradual and sustained decline in the contribution of agriculture to the economies of the member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the sector remains socially and politically important. Although agriculture accounts for less than 2% of the gross domestic product of the OECD countries, it occupies over 35% of their total land area. Predominantly rural regions, where agriculture remains particularly important, contain almost one quarter of the population of OECD countries. The past quarter century has witnessed signi?cant changes in agricultural po- cies in OECD countries. Although total support remains high, a shift has taken place from price-linked measures to direct income support, most notably in the European Union. Policies have been adapted to meet pressing social concerns, such as ens- ing food security and improving environmental quality. OECD countries face major economic issues due to the ageing of their populations and the need to adapt to gl- alization and increasing competition from emerging economies. Continued pressure to reform agricultural policies will be exerted by the need to economize on the use of scarce public resources. At the same time, agriculture faces new challenges g- erated by climate change, the “greening” of the economy, increasing scarcity of energy and water, and the demands placed on the food system by an expanding world population.
The Economic Impact Of Public Support To Agriculture
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Author : Virgil Ball
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2010-09-16
The Economic Impact Of Public Support To Agriculture written by Virgil Ball and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09-16 with Business & Economics categories.
Despite a gradual and sustained decline in the contribution of agriculture to the economies of the member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the sector remains socially and politically important. Although agriculture accounts for less than 2% of the gross domestic product of the OECD countries, it occupies over 35% of their total land area. Predominantly rural regions, where agriculture remains particularly important, contain almost one quarter of the population of OECD countries. The past quarter century has witnessed signi?cant changes in agricultural po- cies in OECD countries. Although total support remains high, a shift has taken place from price-linked measures to direct income support, most notably in the European Union. Policies have been adapted to meet pressing social concerns, such as ens- ing food security and improving environmental quality. OECD countries face major economic issues due to the ageing of their populations and the need to adapt to gl- alization and increasing competition from emerging economies. Continued pressure to reform agricultural policies will be exerted by the need to economize on the use of scarce public resources. At the same time, agriculture faces new challenges g- erated by climate change, the “greening” of the economy, increasing scarcity of energy and water, and the demands placed on the food system by an expanding world population.
Sowing Seeds Of Change
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1999-07-04
Sowing Seeds Of Change written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-07-04 with Social Science categories.
Every day economic decisions are made in the public and private sectors, based on limited information and analysis. The analysis and information needed for successful public policy has changed rapidly with the growth of the global economy, and so have the means for acquiring them. In the public sector, decision makers rely on information gathered within government agencies, as well as the work of academics and private firms. Sowing the Seeds provides a case study of the need for analysis and information in support of public policy. It combines lessons learned from one of the first government agencies devoted primarily to this function with modern economic theory of organizations. The panel provides analysis and insight on: How and why public economic policy evolves with technological advances. The nature of information and analysis in support of economic policy produced in a government agency. The characteristics of successful information and analysis programs. Evaluating the work of a government agency providing information and analysis. Effective administration and organization of research and information programs in a government agency. Findings and recommendations in this volume will be of interest to managers and executives of research and consulting organizations in the public and private sectors, as well as to economists and policy makers.
Government And The Food Industry Economic And Political Effects Of Conflict And Co Operation
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Author : L. Tim Wallace
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Government And The Food Industry Economic And Political Effects Of Conflict And Co Operation written by L. Tim Wallace and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Business & Economics categories.
This book's purpose is to shed light on the threats and opportunities arising from the incentives and restrictions of governmental actions which food industry managers discover in their search for profits. The food industry, as defined here, includes farmers, their input suppliers, processors and distributors. This text explores how the private sector reacts to the stimulus of public support measures, rules and regulations which are usually motivated by entirely different ends than those desired within the private sector. No current single model of economic behavior as yet adequately encompasses or quantifies these complex vectors and forces. Management is comprised of many factors, most of which can be identified ex post but few of which can be appraised precisely ex ante. The perceptual processes by which managers respond to governments are influenced by culture, aptitudes, individual and collective goals. details of most government/business relationships are discussed Few openly since management and government officials are, understandably, often reluctant to share the decision tree route by which trust is built and understandings are negotiated. Our text differs from others in that we combine both a theoretical and experiential approach to the subject. The insights provided by the case study material give a more macro and yet realistic view than tha t usually offered elsewhere. We indicate the risks and dynamics of the situations faced by management while also showing the importance and strategic relevance of a solid analytical foundation for managerial purposes.
Agricultural Growth For The Poor
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2005-01-01
Agricultural Growth For The Poor written by and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-01-01 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.
"New forces are at work in the agricultural sector: the growth of markets and private entrepreneurship, the changing global demand for food and other agricultural products, the rise of multinationals, and the expansion of integrated food chains. To realize the potential benefits, the public sector has a crucial role to play through policy initiatives to support agriculture, reduce poverty, and ensure broad rural development alignment with these forces." "Building on the foundation of the Agriculture Investment Sourcebook (World Book 2005), Agricultural Growth for the Poor: An Agenda for Development explores ways in which the public sector can work with the private sector to facilitate growth and ensure equitable benefit distribution. It describes the key policy and institutional issues involved in promoting private sector investment in agriculture and accelerating growth to benefit the poor. It identifies priorities for public investment in specific agricultural settings at different stages of economic growth and offers practical approaches for enhancing the impact of such investment. Finally, it summarizes lessons learned about successful support of agricultural development and discusses areas in which additional progress is required." "Policymakers and international development organizations will find Agricultural Growth for the Poor an invaluable resource for analyzing the prospects for agriculture in the changing global environment and developing an agenda for pro-poor development."--BOOK JACKET.
A Multi Billion Dollar Opportunity Repurposing Agricultural Support To Transform Food Systems
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Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2021-09-14
A Multi Billion Dollar Opportunity Repurposing Agricultural Support To Transform Food Systems written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-14 with Political Science categories.
Public support mechanisms for agriculture in many cases hinder the transformation towards healthier, more sustainable, equitable, and efficient food systems, thus actively steering us away from meeting the Sustainable Development Goals and targets of the Paris Agreement. This report sets out the compelling case for repurposing harmful agricultural producer support to reverse this situation, by optimizing the use of scarce public resources, strengthening economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, and ultimately driving a food systems transformation that can support global sustainable development commitments. The report provides policymakers with an updated estimate of past and current agricultural producer support for 88 countries, projected up until 2030. The trends emerging from the analysis are a clear call for action at country, regional and global levels to phase out the most distortive, environmentally and socially harmful support, such as price incentives and coupled subsidies, and redirecting it towards investments in public goods and services for agriculture, such as research and development and infrastructure, as well as decoupled fiscal subsidies. Overall, the analysis highlights that, while removing and/or reducing harmful agricultural support is necessary, repurposing initiatives that include measures to minimize policy trade-offs will be needed to ensure a beneficial outcome overall. The report confirms that, while a few countries have started repurposing and reforming agricultural support, broader, deeper, and faster reforms are needed for food systems transformation. Thus, it provides guidance (in six steps) on how governments can repurpose agricultural producer support – and the reforms this will take.
Economics Of Research And Innovation In Agriculture
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Author : Petra Moser
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2021-10-08
Economics Of Research And Innovation In Agriculture written by Petra Moser and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-08 with Business & Economics categories.
"The challenges facing agriculture are plenty. Along with the world's growing population and diminishing amounts of water and arable land, the gradual increase in severe weather presents new challenges and imperatives for producing new, more resilient crops to feed a more crowded planet in the twenty-first century. Innovation has historically helped agriculture keep pace with earth's social, population, and ecological changes. In the last 50 years, mechanical, biological, and chemical innovations have more than doubled agricultural output while barely changing input quantities. The ample investment behind these innovations was available because of a high rate of return: a 2007 paper found that the median ROI in agriculture was 45 percent between 1965 and 2005. This landscape has changed. Today many of the world's wealthier countries have scaled back their share of GDP devoted to agricultural R&D amid evidence of diminishing returns. Universities, which have historically been a major source of agricultural innovation, increasingly depend on funding from industry rather than government to fund their research. As Upton Sinclair wrote of the effects industry influences, "It is difficult to get a man to understand something when his salary depends upon his not understanding it." In this volume of the NBER Conference Report series, editor Petra Moser offers an empirical, applied-economic framework to the different elements of agricultural R&D, particularly as they relate to the shift from public to private funding. Individual chapters examine the sources of agricultural knowledge and investigate challenges for measuring the returns to the adoption of new agricultural technologies, examine knowledge spillovers from universities to agricultural innovation, and explore interactions between university engagement and scientific productivity. Additional analysis of agricultural venture capital point to it as an emerging and future source of resource in this essential domain"--
Agricultural Policy Monitoring And Evaluation 2020
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2020-06-30
Agricultural Policy Monitoring And Evaluation 2020 written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-30 with categories.
This annual report monitors and evaluates agricultural policies spanning all six continents, including the 36 OECD countries, the five non-OECD EU Member States, and 13 emerging economies.
Decentralization And Service Delivery
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2005
Decentralization And Service Delivery written by and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Decentralization in government categories.
Dissatisfied with centralized approaches to delivering local public services, a large number of countries are decentralizing responsibility for these services to lower-level, locally elected governments. The results have been mixed. The paper provides a framework for evaluating the benefits and costs, in terms of service delivery, of different approaches to decentralization, based on relationships of accountability between different actors in the delivery chain. Moving from a model of central provision to that of decentralization to local governments introduces a new relationship of accountability-between national and local policymakers-while altering existing relationships, such as that between citizens and elected politicians. Only by examining how these relationships change can we understand why decentralization can, and sometimes cannot, lead to better service delivery. In particular, the various instruments of decentralization-fiscal, administrative, regulatory, market, and financial-can affect the incentives facing service providers, even though they relate only to local policymakers. Likewise, and perhaps more significantly, the incentives facing local and national politicians can have a profound effect on the provision of local services. Finally, the process of implementing decentralization can be as important as the design of the system in influencing service delivery outcomes.
Agriculture And Development
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Author : Gudrun Kochendörfer-Lucius
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2008-01-01
Agriculture And Development written by Gudrun Kochendörfer-Lucius and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.
The book highlights proceedings from the Berlin 2008: Agriculture and Development conference held in preparation for the World Development Report 2008.