The Economics Of Science And Technology
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The Unity Of Science And Economics
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Author : Jing Chen
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-11-06
The Unity Of Science And Economics written by Jing Chen and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-06 with Science categories.
This book presents a new economic theory developed from physical and biological principles. It explains how technology, social systems and economic values are intimately related to resources. Many people have recognized that mainstream (neoclassical) economic theories are not consistent with physical laws and often not consistent with empirical patterns, but most feel that economic activities are too complex to be described by a simple and coherent mathematical theory. While social systems are indeed complex, all life systems, including social systems, satisfy two principles. First, all systems need to extract resources from the external environment to compensate for their consumption. Second, for a system to be viable, the amount of resource extraction has to be no less than the level of consumption. From these two principles, we derive a quantitative theory of major factors in economic activities, such as fixed cost, variable cost, discount rate, uncertainty and duration. The mathematical theory enables us to systematically measure the effectiveness of different policies and institutional structures at varying levels of resource abundance and cost.The theory presented in this book shows that there do not exist universally optimal policies or institutional structures. Instead, the impacts of different policies or social structures have to be measured within the context of existing levels of resource abundance. As the physical costs of extracting resources rise steadily, many policy assumptions adopted in mainstream economic theories, and workable in times of cheap and abundant energy supplies and other resources, need to be reconsidered. In this rapidly changing world, the theory presented here provides a solid foundation for examining the long-term impacts of today's policy decisions.
The Science Of Science Policy
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Author : Kaye Fealing
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 2011-03-18
The Science Of Science Policy written by Kaye Fealing and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-03-18 with Business & Economics categories.
This handbook provides an overview of the current theoretical and empirical basis for a science of science policy. It offers perspectives from the federal science and policy community, and look towards a research agenda for tomorrow.
Food Plant Economics
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Author : Zacharias B. Maroulis
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2007-08-02
Food Plant Economics written by Zacharias B. Maroulis and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-08-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Applying the proven success of modern process engineering economics to the food industry, Food Plant Economics considers the design and economic analysis of food preservation, food manufacturing, and food ingredients plants with regard to a number of representative food processes. Economic analysis of food plants requires the evaluation of quantitative data from the design and operation of food processes and processing plants. Accompanying downloadable resources include prepared Excel spreadsheets for calculating various food plants scenarios by applying appropriate data regarding the cost of equipment and equipment sizing, material and energy balances, and plant operating costs. Beginning with a thorough background in the economics of a food plant, the first three chapters summarize recent advances in food process and research technology, the structure of the food system in the US and EU, and the principles of modern design in food processes, processing equipment, and processing plants. The second three chapters discuss process economics in relation to the food industry by applying the concepts of capital cost, operating cost, and cash flow to estimations of plant profitability. Detailed chapters cover estimations of capital investment and operating costs including statistical data, empirical models, and useful rules of thumb. The remaining three chapters apply the techniques of the previous discussions to food preservation plants such as concentration, canning, and dehydration; manufacturing plants including wine, bread, and yogurt; as well as ingredients plants that produce sugars and oils. A useful appendix contains a glossary, tables, conversions, nomenclature, food properties, and heat transfer coefficients. A practical and comprehensive treatment of process economics, Food Plant Economics provides a complete introduction to the application of this efficient technique to the food industry.
Technology And The Pursuit Of Economic Growth
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Author : David C. Mowery
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1991-07-26
Technology And The Pursuit Of Economic Growth written by David C. Mowery and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-07-26 with Business & Economics categories.
Technology's contribution to economic growth and competitiveness has been the subject of vigorous debate in recent years. This book demonstrates the importance of a historical perspective in understanding the role of technological innovation in the economy. The authors examine key episodes and institutions in the development of the U.S. research system and in the development of the research systems of other industrial economies. They argue that the large potential contributions of economics to the understanding of technology and economic growth have been constrained by the narrow theoretical framework employed within neoclassical economies. A richer framework, they believe, will support a more fruitful dialogue among economists, policymakers, and managers on the organization of public and private institutions for innovation. David Mowery is Associate Professor of Business and Public Policy at the School of Business Administration, University of California, Berkeley. Nathan S. Rosenberg is Fairleigh Dickinson Professor of Economics at Stanford University. He is the author of Inside the Black Box: Technology and Economics (CUP, 1983).
Markets For Technology
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Author : Ashish Arora
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2004-01-30
Markets For Technology written by Ashish Arora and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-01-30 with Business & Economics categories.
The past two decades have seen a gradual but noticeable change in the economic organization of innovative activity. Most firms used to integrate research and development with activities such as production, marketing, and distribution. Today firms are forming joint ventures, research and development alliances, licensing deals, and a variety of other outsourcing arrangements with universities, technology-based start-ups, and other established firms. In many industries, a division of innovative labor is emerging, with a substantial increase in the licensing of existing and prospective technologies. In short, technology and knowledge are becoming definable and tradable commodities. Although researchers have made significant advances in understanding the determinants and consequences of innovation, until recently they have paid little attention to how innovation functions as an economic process. This book examines the nature and workings of markets for intermediate technological inputs. It looks first at how industry structure, the nature of knowledge, and intellectual property rights facilitate the development of technology markets. It then examines the impacts of these markets on firm boundaries, the division of labor within the economy, industry structure, and economic growth. Finally, it examines the implications of this framework for public policy and corporate strategy. Combining theoretical perspectives from economics and management with empirical analysis, the book also draws on historical evidence and case studies to flesh out its research results.
Korean Science And Technology In An International Perspective
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Author : Jörg Mahlich
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-01-05
Korean Science And Technology In An International Perspective written by Jörg Mahlich and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-05 with Science categories.
South Korea has attained spectacular economic success in recent decades. It has reached the status of a Newly Advanced Economy, with challenges increasingly mirroring those faced by other advanced economies. These include the necessary upgrading of the labor force, the frictions of switching to a national system of innovation adapted to leadership in R&D, market-based economic policies that reflect the government’s difficulties in foreseeing future technological developments, and the consequences of social change for the innovation system and policy-making. In the forthcoming book the parallel challenges for innovation and technology for the Republic of Korea and other advanced economies will be analyzed more thoroughly with an international perspective in mind. This comparison and international benchmarking will allow policy makers and scholars to better appreciate how much the country has already moved into the circle of globally leading economies and what can be done to consolidate and strengthen its position.
The Economics Of Industrial Innovation
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Author : Christopher Freeman
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 1997
The Economics Of Industrial Innovation written by Christopher Freeman and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Business & Economics categories.
First Published in 1997. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
The Economics Of Science And Technology
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Author : M.P. Feldman
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2002-05-31
The Economics Of Science And Technology written by M.P. Feldman and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-05-31 with Business & Economics categories.
Much of this literature is new, so the time is ripe for a synthesis and critique of existing studies." "The book offers an overview presented from an applied perspective, stressing historical and institutional factors. This book will be particularly useful to students interested in pursuing research on these topics and to policy makers who want a user-friendly summary of recent studies on the economic implications of technology policy."--BOOK JACKET.
The Role Of Science And Technology In Economic Development
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Author : Unesco
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1970
The Role Of Science And Technology In Economic Development written by Unesco and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1970 with Research categories.
From Scientific Progress To Economic Growth
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Author : Frank Witte
language : en
Publisher: Between Science and Economics
Release Date : 2017-01-31
From Scientific Progress To Economic Growth written by Frank Witte and has been published by Between Science and Economics this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-31 with Business & Economics categories.
The past few centuries have seen an enormous increase in living standards in many parts of the world and these economies have become more complex than ever before. At the same time, progress in science and technology has reached unprecedented heights, taking us far beyond the wildest dreams of a few generations ago. Questions as to how science, technology and the economy interact are pertinent and important ones, whose partial answers require a view "from across the fence" between disciplines. This book provides an introduction to the vast and varied field of the economics of science. It is a unique blend of an economic perspective on the way science works, what makes scientists tick, and a study of the impact of scientific and technological progress on economies and their growth. Whether it is about the speculative market of ideas or science and technology as engines of the economy, there is something here for economists, engineers and scientists alike.