The Economics Of Tax And Social Security In Japan
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The Economics Of Tax And Social Security In Japan
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Author : Yoshimi Adachi
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-03-30
The Economics Of Tax And Social Security In Japan written by Yoshimi Adachi and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-30 with Law categories.
This book integrates the fundamentals of quantitative significance, using existing estimates of the elasticities of demand for tax, health insurance, and medical services in a static microsimulation model. It serves as a guide to the financial and social basics of health insurance and provides the reader with the intellectual groundwork indispensable for understanding the incorrect assumptions about the elasticities of demand and pattern of tax and health insurance. Most countries feel constant pressure because expenditure is increasing and resources are scarce. The topics addressed in this book including several frameworks leading to over-insurance, excess demand for medical care, and rapid expenditure growth in the medical care sector. Illustrated by carefully chosen examples and supported by extensive data analyses, this book is highly recommended to readers who seek an in-depth and up-to-date integrated overview of the ever-expanding theoretical and quantitative fields of containing costs, increasing funding for health services, or both.
The Economics Of Social Security In Japan
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Author : Toshiaki Tachibanaki
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2004
The Economics Of Social Security In Japan written by Toshiaki Tachibanaki and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Political Science categories.
This book provides a comprehensive appraisal of social security in Japan, where traditionally the burden of welfare provision has been the main responsibility of the family and employers, rather than the state. However, an ageing population, changes in family structure and continued recession has led to an urgent reappraisal of this situation. The book begins by examining the social security system in Japan as a whole, before focusing on specific issues. These include public and occupational pensions, medical care and childcare, and the availability and accessibility of social infrastructure for the old and handicapped. In each case, the distinguished authors address the unique problems associated with Japan and propose practical policy recommendations for social security reform. The book also discusses the future path of Japanese welfare transition and explores the advantages and disadvantages of the private sector model for welfare provision compared to the public sector model. The expert contributors, including both Japanese and international specialists, provide a critical evaluation of social security reform in Japan, set against the background of future demographic and economic trends. This book will appeal to all scholars of public policy, welfare policy and public finance. It will also be of interest to anyone working on the merits and demerits of different social security systems.
Japan
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Author : International Monetary Fund
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 1999-10-12
Japan written by International Monetary Fund and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-10-12 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper provides a brief overview of the causes of the poor economic performance of Japan in the 1990s, and a more detailed analysis of developments in the real sector during 1999. The paper highlights that the collapse of the asset price bubble in 1990–91 provided the trigger for the downturn in 1992, and compounded the economic problems thereafter through its effects on the banking system. This paper also analyzes the fiscal policy developments and the monetary developments in Japan.
Tax Policy For Aging Societies
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Author : A. Okamoto
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Tax Policy For Aging Societies written by A. Okamoto and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Political Science categories.
The Japanese population is aging faster than any other in the world. The per centage of Japan's population aged 65 and above was only 7.1% in 1970,but just 30 years later, in 2000, it reached 17.2%. A declining birth rate and a rising average life expectancy will continue to push this trend further. This situation is causing serious problems for Japanese society.Structural reforms, especially tax and social security reforms, to accommodate this drastic demographic change have become an urgent policy issue. The purpose of this book is to establish guidelines for tax and social security reforms in Japan in terms that are both efficient and equitable. In this study, an extended life-cycle general equilibrium model is employed to rigorously take account of the rapidly aging Japanese population. The simulation approach adopted in our analysis permits us to calculate the effects of alternative policy packages on capital accumulation and economic welfare. This enables us to make proposals for concrete economic policies.
Japan
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Author : International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2018-11-28
Japan written by International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-28 with Business & Economics categories.
Selected Issues
Options To Strengthen The Social Safety Net In
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Author : Zhiyong An
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2023-05-18
Options To Strengthen The Social Safety Net In written by Zhiyong An and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-05-18 with Business & Economics categories.
Japan’s unemployment rate remains relatively low compared to other OECD countries. However, Japan’s poverty rate among the working-age population is one of the higher ones among OECD countries. The public assistance program in Japan does not provide adequate income support for the working poor and creates inherent work disincentives. In this context, the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) warrants consideration to strengthen the social safety net and relieve poverty of the working poor in Japan. This paper provides an overview of the theoretical and practical issues of EITC, aiming to support its potential introduction in Japan.
Making Fiscal Policy In Japan
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Author : Hiromitsu Ishi
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2000-12-07
Making Fiscal Policy In Japan written by Hiromitsu Ishi and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-12-07 with Business & Economics categories.
Making Fiscal Policy in Japan is written for those who want to understand the role and performance of fiscal policy as an integral component of macroeconomic policy, and the attendant effects on economic growth. The case explored here is post-Second World War Japan, but the approach is one of international comparison. Ishi traces and analyses the central features of postwar Japanese fiscal policy and considers the institutional framework and policy objectives which shaped the budget process. The first part of the book provides a detailed overview of the topic, with detailed institutional and empirical information. In particular, the role that government played in Japan's postwar economic growth is explored in depth, with specific focus on the four sub-periods of occupation, rapid economic growth, internationalization, and the bubble economy. Part II explains the basic framework of budgets, the budgetary process in Japan, and fundamental strategies of fiscal authority. It looks in depth at the unique aspects of the balanced budget policy for 1953-65 and then at how financial resources for budgeting were automatically generated in a growing economy. The final part analyses specific policy issues in the public sector, among them human resource development, the ageing population and the social security system, tax incentives for export promotion, the Fiscal Investment and Loan Programme, and intergovernmental grant policy. Ishi argues that the Japanese government has been generally passive in guiding the state's economic activities, using fiscal policy to support the private economy rather than directly to influence the economy through deliberate expenditure and tax policies. The approach has been one of enhancing the market rather than of government intervention.
Japan
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Author : International Monetary Fund
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2012-08-01
Japan written by International Monetary Fund and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-08-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Japan has a universal public pension system. Social security spending is a key fiscal policy challenge in Japan. The 2004 pension reforms have increased the ratio of the government subsidy to the basic pension benefit. Three reform measures are necessary to improve pension finances: an increase in pension eligibility age, a reduction in the pension benefit, and an increase in contributions. Eliminating the preferential tax treatments of pension income and collecting pension contributions from dependent spouses could contribute to fiscal savings.
Public Finance In Japan
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Author : Tokue Shibata
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986
Public Finance In Japan written by Tokue Shibata and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Business & Economics categories.
Monograph consisting 10 contributions by sholars and officials of government agencies designed to explain the role of public finance in Japan and how it develops. The tax system is included.
Japans Budget Black Hole
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Author : Keiko Shimono
language : en
Publisher: Anthem Press
Release Date : 2021-01-18
Japans Budget Black Hole written by Keiko Shimono and has been published by Anthem Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-18 with Political Science categories.
This book describes the astonishing policy failures of populist politicians in Japan. Focussing on popular tax cuts in Japan as a salutary case study, the book details their serious side effects: government debt, cuts to social security expenditure, inadequate public services and even the potential for a national default. The book argues that the only way to maintain a tolerable level of social services is to increase taxation because a government burdened by massive debt levels is unable to respond adequately to a serious threat such as Covid-19. The book then examines the role of the workforce to economic growth. Due to the dominance of conservative political forces over a long period, workers' protections in Japan are limited, and deregulation of the workforce has led to a decline in wages since 1997. Declining wages and a reduction in social security expenditure have inevitably led to lower consumption and lower economic growth. This examination leads to the conclusion that the way forward is to restore taxation to a sustainable level, which is necessary in order to reduce government debt, to increase expenditure on social security, education, and other essential services, and to combat growing inequality. Only by redistributing income to those who need it and will spend it, consumption will increase, and the economy will grow.