The Economics Of Water Scarcity In The Middle East And North Africa
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The Economics Of Water Scarcity In The Middle East And North Africa
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Author : Dominick de Waal
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2023-05-18
The Economics Of Water Scarcity In The Middle East And North Africa written by Dominick de Waal and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-05-18 with Nature categories.
Despite massive infrastructure investments, countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region continue to face unprecedented water scarcity due to climate change, population growth, and socioeconomic development. Current policy regimes for managing water across competing needs are primarily determined by state control of large infrastructure. Policy makers across the region understand the unsustainability of water allocations and that increasing investments in new infrastructure and technologies to increase water supply place a growing financial burden on governments. However, standard solutions for demand management—reallocating water to higher value uses, reducing waste, and increasing tariffs—pose difficult political dilemmas that, more often than not, are left unresolved. Without institutional reform, the region will likely remain in water distress even with increased financing for water sector infrastructure.The Economics of Water Scarcity in the Middle East and North Africa: Institutional Solutions confronts the persistence and severity of water scarcity in MENA. The report draws on the tools of public economics to address two crucial challenges facing states in MENA: lack of legitimacy and trust. Evidence from the World Values Survey shows that people in the region believe that a key role of government is to keep prices down and that governments are reluctant to raise tariffs because of the risk of widespread protests. Instead of avoiding the “politically sensitive†? issue of water scarcity, this report argues that reform leaders and their external partners can reform national water institutions and draw on local political contestation to establish a new social contract. The crisis and emotive power of water in the region can be used to bolster legitimacy and trust and build a sustainable, inclusive, thriving economy that is resilient to climate change.
Beyond Scarcity
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Author : World Bank
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2017-12-13
Beyond Scarcity written by World Bank and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-13 with Business & Economics categories.
Water has always been a source of risks and opportunities in the Middle East and North Africa. Yet rapidly changing socioeconomic, political, and environmental conditions make water security a different, and more urgent, challenge than ever before. This report shows that achieving water security means much more than coping with water scarcity. It means managing water resources in a sustainable, efficient, and equitable way. It also involves delivering water services reliably and affordably, to reinforce relationships between service providers and water users and contribute to a renewed social contract. Water security also entails mitigating water-related risks such as floods and droughts. Water security is an urgent target, but it is also a target within reach. A host of potential solutions to the region’s water management challenges exist. To make these solutions work, clear incentives are needed to change the way water is managed, conserved, and allocated. To make these solutions work, countries in the region will also need to better engage water users, civil society, and youth. The failure of policies to address water challenges can have severe impacts on people’s well-being and political stability. The strategic question for the region is whether countries will act with foresight and resolve to strengthen water security, or whether they will wait to react to the inevitable disruptions of water crises.
Making The Most Of Scarcity
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2007
Making The Most Of Scarcity written by and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Political Science categories.
"While water professionals have been advocating comprehensive water reforms for years and many countries have improved their water policies and institutions, some of the most politically sensitive elements of reform remain untouched. This report suggests that a series of factors are now emerging that represent a potential opportunity to break this impasse." "Making the Most of Scarcity will be of interest to readers working in the areas of agribusiness and markets, agriculture, urban and rural development, water supply, and water resources, as well as to those responsible for setting policies in the areas of environment, economics, and social protection."--BOOK JACKET.
Making The Most Of Scarcity
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Author : World Bank
language : en
Publisher: World Bank
Release Date : 2007-06-01
Making The Most Of Scarcity written by World Bank and has been published by World Bank this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-06-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Water in the Middle East and North Africa region is a source of major social and economic problems stemming from scarcity, variability, unreliable services, and environmental damage. The situation is likely to become even worse in the future, unless current practices change: by 2050 per capita availability will fall by half, water quality will deteriorate further, and more aquifers will become depleted. Climate change is predicted to worsen the problems by increasing temperatures and causing more droughts and floods. While water professionals have been advocating comprehensive water reforms for years and many countries have improved their water policies and institutions, some of the most politically sensitive elements of reform remain untouched. This report suggests that a series of factors are now emerging that represent a potential opportunity to break this impasse. Turning the potential into reality will depend upon three things: - Adopting reforms that respond to the dynamics of the political economy; - Recognizing that water policies cannot act alone, but that water outcomes are often determined by other sectors, such as trade, agriculture, finance, and energy; and - Choosing policies and practices that make government institutions and service providers more accountable to the public. 'Making the Most of Scarcity' will be of interest to readers working in the areas of agribusiness and markets, agriculture, urban and rural development, water supply, and water resources, as well as those responsible for setting policies in the areas of environment, economics, and social protection.
A Strategy For Managing Water In The Middle East And North Africa
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Author : Jeremy Berkoff
language : en
Publisher: Washington, D.C. : World Bank
Release Date : 1994
A Strategy For Managing Water In The Middle East And North Africa written by Jeremy Berkoff and has been published by Washington, D.C. : World Bank this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Water resources development categories.
The Middle East Water Question
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Author : Tony Allan
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2012-10-05
The Middle East Water Question written by Tony Allan and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-05 with Business & Economics categories.
Is there enough water on this planet for a global population that will shortly double its present size? The answer is of huge importance for people everywhere, but particularly to the peoples and political leaders of the Middle East and North Africa. As well as explaining the particular issues of conflict in the region, Allan argues that the answer to these problems lies at the global rather than local level. The Middle East Water Question is a major book by one of the world's leading authorities on water issues.
Beyond Scarcity
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Author : World Bank
language : en
Publisher: Mena Development Report
Release Date : 2018
Beyond Scarcity written by World Bank and has been published by Mena Development Report this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Business & Economics categories.
Executive summary -- Water security -- Profiling water security in the Middle East and North Africa -- The water security dividend -- Appendix -- Table A.1. Definition of indicators and data sources -- Table A.2. Data sources for the country profiles
The Water Energy Food Nexus In The Middle East And North Africa
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Author : Martin Keulertz
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-10-02
The Water Energy Food Nexus In The Middle East And North Africa written by Martin Keulertz and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-02 with Science categories.
This book discusses key issues concerning water, energy and food in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. It provides an interdisciplinary account of current developments in the most water-scarce and conflict-torn region in the world. Key analysts on MENA water, agriculture and energy affairs have been drawn together to compile one of the first edited volumes dedicated to the crucial role of water, energy and food security in the 21st century MENA region. It will be of interest to decision-makers, analysts and students of the future of the Middle East from a broad range of disciplines including the physical and social sciences. This book was previously published as a special issue of the International Journal of Water Resources Development.
Water In The Middle East And In North Africa
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Author : Fathi Zereini
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
Water In The Middle East And In North Africa written by Fathi Zereini and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Science categories.
This volume presents the latest research related to the current water situation, as well as its significance for the peaceful coexistence of the neighbouring countries. The book focuses on crucial topics: water resources, water protection, water management and water as a source of conflict. Topics such as sewage disposal and soil protection, as well as the transfer of environmental technology are also discussed.
Ebb And Flow
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Author : Edoardo Borgomeo
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2021-10-15
Ebb And Flow written by Edoardo Borgomeo and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-15 with Business & Economics categories.
The Middle East and North Africa Region encapsulates many of the issues surrounding water and human mobility. It is the most water-scarce region in the world and is experiencing unprecedented levels of forced displacement. Ebb and Flow: Volume 2. Water in the Shadow of Conflict in the Middle East and North Africa examines the links between water risks (harmful outcomes related to water, from droughts and floods to lack of sanitation), conflict, and forced displacement. It aims to better explain how to address the vulnerabilities of forcibly displaced persons and their host communities, and to identify water policy and investment responses. Contrary to common belief, the report finds that the evidence linking water risks with conflict and forced displacement in the region is not unequivocal. Water risks are more frequently related to cooperation than to conflict at both domestic and international levels. But while conflict is not necessarily a consequence of water risks, the reverse is a real and concerning phenomenon: conflict amplifies water risks. Since 2011, there have been at least 180 instances of intentional targeting of water infrastructure in conflicts in Gaza, Libya, the Syrian Arab Republic, and the Republic of Yemen. Forcibly displaced persons and their host communities face myriad water risks. Access to safe drinking water is a daily struggle for millions of forcibly displaced Iraqis, Libyans, Palestinians, Syrians, Yemenis, and international migrants in the region, heightening public health risks. Tanker trucks often help fill the gap; however, significant issues of water quality, reliability, and affordability remain. Host communities also face localized declines in water availability and quality as well as unplanned burdens on water services following the arrival of forcibly displaced persons. The reality of protracted forced displacement requires a shift from humanitarian support toward a development approach for water security, including structured yet flexible planning to deliver water services and sustain water resources for forcibly displaced persons and their host communities.