The Effects Of Biopiracy On The Natural Plant Product Market
DOWNLOAD
Download The Effects Of Biopiracy On The Natural Plant Product Market PDF/ePub or read online books in Mobi eBooks. Click Download or Read Online button to get The Effects Of Biopiracy On The Natural Plant Product Market book now. This website allows unlimited access to, at the time of writing, more than 1.5 million titles, including hundreds of thousands of titles in various foreign languages. If the content not found or just blank you must refresh this page
The Effects Of Biopiracy On The Natural Plant Product Market
DOWNLOAD
Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
The Effects Of Biopiracy On The Natural Plant Product Market written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
This work is a study of the effects of biopiracy on those participating in the natural plant product market. Many supporters of intellectual property would contend that the ability to have protection over a value added process or invention is essential. This study seeks to understand how biopiracy, or the mis-appropriation of basic biological resources or the traditional knowledge of those biological resources, and its effects are conceptualized by those who are working in the field of natural plant products. All data was collected through in depth interviews where a series of open ended questions were asked about the function of the participant's business and their perception of biopiracy. There were fourteen interviews conducted in total, ten of whom were natural plant product exporters residing in Lima, Peru. Three of the participants interviewed were public servants actively working to combat biopiracy, and the last participant was a non-Peruvian businessman exporting natural plant products to their home country. The findings of this study emphasize that the meaning of biopiracy is subjective and in some cases takes on several meanings. The inconsistency of the term does not indicate that the term is being used incorrectly, but rather it is being conceptualized by those in the field in different ways, each of which have implications associated with it.
Bio Piracy
DOWNLOAD
Author : Tabrez Ahmad
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Bio Piracy written by Tabrez Ahmad and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
The Herbal Products which are folk medicines made up of plants and plant extracts. The scope of herbal medicine is expanded to include fungal and bee products as well as minerals, shells and certain animal parts etc. These medicines are served as natural health care unlike synthetic drugs and have no side effect. With the expansion of Globalization, these domestic, folk products in the name of herbal products place themselves in the corners of the world. One out of 125 every species studied at the Herb Research Foundation in Boulder, Colorado, produced a major drug with an annual market of at least $200 million in the US. The future global potential of herbal drugs is thus obvious: only around 1,000 of 365,000 known species of plants have been studied so far for their medicinal properties. And India, with over 45,000 plant species, looms as the major battleground in the ballooning biopiracy stakes. The Indian Herbal and medicinal products industry has a huge potential to be one of the leaders in earning foreign revenues for the country but currently it holds only a very negligible share in total herbal exports of the world. Biopiracy, or the stealing of genetic material and knowledge from communities in the biodiversity-rich developing countries is an exploding issue in the world. Studies have been reported in the past showing more than 40% of Western pharmaceutical products contain Asian plant extracts. But these Asian countries, including the local communities and tribes, earned nothing in return. The herbal and medicinal products face a severe challenge of Bio-piracy on traditional herbal and medicinal products as it threatens to act as a trade barrier to the export of herbal and medicinal products. Advocates of traditional-knowledge protections want nations to share in the financial rewards of patented products based on native plants and animals, but creating a system that could award compensation and resolve disputes presents a mind-boggling challenge. Who gets the rights? How do they manage it? How do they maintain it? How long does it last and from which starting point. These are only a few of the questions that have yet to be answered, There is a widespread consensus that this is an issue that should be addressed, but the world has not agreed on how to approach this problem. The authors will try to explain the major impacts of the Bio-piracy and also bring forth the necessary recommendations to handle the problem of Bio-piracy.
Biopiracy Watch
DOWNLOAD
Author : Edward Hammond
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Biopiracy Watch written by Edward Hammond and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Biopiracy categories.
Confronting Biopiracy
DOWNLOAD
Author : Daniel Robinson
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2010-02-24
Confronting Biopiracy written by Daniel Robinson and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-02-24 with Nature categories.
'Biopiracy' refers either to the unauthorised extraction of biological resources, such as plants with medicinal properties, and associated traditional knowledge from indigenous peoples and local communities, or to the patenting of spurious 'inventions' based on such knowledge or resources without compensation. Biopiracy cases continue to emerge in the media and public eye, yet they remain the source of considerable disagreement, confusion, controversy and grief. The aim of this book is to provide the most detailed, coherent analysis of the issue of biopiracy to date. The book synthesises the rise of the issue and increasing use of the term by activists and negotiators in the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), to form a critical understanding of the themes, implications and politics of biopiracy. Taking a case-study based approach, derived from interviews and fieldwork with researchers, government, industry, local farmers, healers and indigenous people, the author sequentially documents events that have occurred in biopiracy and bioprospecting controversies. Implications and ethical dilemmas are explored, particularly relating to work with local communities, and the power relations entailed. Detailing international debates from the WTO, CBD and other fora in an accessible manner, the book provides a unique overview of current institutional limitations and suggests ways forward. Options and solutions are suggested which are relevant for local communities, national governments, international negotiators, NGO and interest groups, researchers and industry.
Plant Derived Natural Products
DOWNLOAD
Author : Anne E. Osbourn
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-07-07
Plant Derived Natural Products written by Anne E. Osbourn and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-07-07 with Science categories.
Plants produce a huge array of natural products (secondary metabolites). These compounds have important ecological functions, providing protection against attack by herbivores and microbes and serving as attractants for pollinators and seed-dispersing agents. They may also contribute to competition and invasiveness by suppressing the growth of neighboring plant species (a phenomenon known as allelopathy). Humans exploit natural products as sources of drugs, flavoring agents, fragrances and for a wide range of other applications. Rapid progress has been made in recent years in understanding natural product synthesis, regulation and function and the evolution of metabolic diversity. It is timely to bring this information together with contemporary advances in chemistry, plant biology, ecology, agronomy and human health to provide a comprehensive guide to plant-derived natural products. Plant-derived natural products: synthesis, function and application provides an informative and accessible overview of the different facets of the field, ranging from an introduction to the different classes of natural products through developments in natural product chemistry and biology to ecological interactions and the significance of plant-derived natural products for humans. In the final section of the book a series of chapters on new trends covers metabolic engineering, genome-wide approaches, the metabolic consequences of genetic modification, developments in traditional medicines and nutraceuticals, natural products as leads for drug discovery and novel non-food crops.
Global Biopiracy
DOWNLOAD
Author : Ikechi Mgbeoji
language : en
Publisher: UBC Press
Release Date : 2011-11-01
Global Biopiracy written by Ikechi Mgbeoji and has been published by UBC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-11-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Legal control and ownership of plants and traditional knowledge of the uses of plants (TKUP) is a vexing issue. The phenomenon of appropriation of plants and TKUP, otherwise known as biopiracy, thrives in a cultural milieu where non-Western forms of knowledge are systemically marginalized and devalued as "folk knowledge" or characterized as inferior. Global Biopiracy rethinks the role of international law and legal concepts, the Western-based, Eurocentric patent systems of the world, and international agricultural research institutions as they affect legal ownership and control of plants and TKUP.
Bioprospecting Of Indigenous Bioresources Of North East India
DOWNLOAD
Author : Jubilee Purkayastha
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-08-16
Bioprospecting Of Indigenous Bioresources Of North East India written by Jubilee Purkayastha and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-16 with Science categories.
This work is a comprehensive information on the indigenous bioresources of North Eastern India with the scope of bioprospecting for discovery and commercialization of new sources and products and long-term ecological balance. The exploration, conservation and sustainable utilization of bioresources of world’s Megabiodiversity Hotspots are undeniable. North Eastern India is a recognised biodiversity hot spot where the evolutionary forces are at its optimum, making this region as centre of origin for many species. Although little bit exploratory studies have been conducted in this part of the globe but a scientific exploitation of the bioresources is almost lacking. Unscientific exploitation and overexploitation without proper knowledge of the bioresources may lead to imbalanced ecosystem of this mega diversity region. At the same time, very less exploration and exploitation will hamper biodiversity based development. Today, unscientific dramatic changes are underway in this region. Human activities are changing, degrading and destroying the bioresources in an unplanned manner. Scientific bioprospecting of the bioresources will boost the economy while ensuring conservation. This book offers comprehensive information about various levels of bioprospecting of the gene pool of this Indo-Burma Mega Biodiversity Hot Spot, the North East India, which is endowed with huge biodiversity potential for exploration and exploitation for the benefit of humankind. Also, this book highlights the less and merely explored part of the indigenous biodiversity of North East India with explanation towards their better sustainable exploitation for benefit of the people, economy and environment. The novelty of the book lies in expert coverage of the bioresources of this mega-diverse region including plants, microbes, insects etc. with provisions for their sustainable scientific utilization. This book portrays North East India as a melting pot of bioresources which are little explored and also those resources which are still to be explored. The book mainly highlights the bioprospecting approaches for North East Indian bioresources, and thus, it make itself a unique one in filling the knowledge gap that is there regarding the bioprospecting of the biodiversity of this special region on the earth. The book concludes by the ecotourism potential of this region. The target audiences for this book include biodiversity economists who are working on technology and bioresource management issues, and especially on biotechnology and biodiversity, development economists addressing the issues of bioresources in developing countries. These people may be in academia, in government, in non-governmental organizations and in private companies. The other target audiences group is policy scholars in government/public sectors who are interested in issues of biotechnology, IPRs, and biodiversity. In addition, scholars/experts in both development studies and resource management studies form another group of target audiences. Also, the book will be useful for the interaction between developed and developing nations regarding the issues of biodiversity and bioprospecting, as North Eastern India is the hub of Biodiversity.
Indigenous People S Innovation
DOWNLOAD
Author : Peter Drahos
language : en
Publisher: ANU E Press
Release Date : 2012-08-01
Indigenous People S Innovation written by Peter Drahos and has been published by ANU E Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-08-01 with Reference categories.
Traditional knowledge systems are also innovation systems. This book analyses the relationship between intellectual property and indigenous innovation. The contributors come from different disciplinary backgrounds including law, ethnobotany and science. Drawing on examples from Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands, each of the contributors explores the possibilities and limits of intellectual property when it comes to supporting innovation by indigenous people.
Intellectual Property Rights In Plant Varieties
DOWNLOAD
Author : Laurence R. Helfer
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2004
Intellectual Property Rights In Plant Varieties written by Laurence R. Helfer and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Law categories.
The study provides an overview of the international intellectual property system regulating plant varieties. It identifies the essential features of this system, including the policies supporting the grant of intellectual property rights (IPRs) and the societal objectives in tension with IPRs, the institutions that have shaped the international intellectual property system, and the basic components contained in the relevant international treaties. The study aims to set forth regulatory options for national governments to protect plant varieties while achieving other public policy objectives relating to plant genetic resources.
Regulating Bioprospecting
DOWNLOAD
Author : Padmashree Gehl Sampath
language : en
Publisher: United Nations University Press
Release Date : 2005
Regulating Bioprospecting written by Padmashree Gehl Sampath and has been published by United Nations University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Business & Economics categories.
Bioprospecting--the search for useful biochemical compounds and genes in nature--has been the focus of international negotiations for more than a decade. This book examines the optimal property rights structures and institutional mechanisms for regulating bioprospecting for drug research. It includes examples of bioprospecting collaborations in several countries.