The Effects Of Carbohydrate And Amino Acids On Muscle Protein Synthesis After Acute Resistance Exercise And Muscle Adaptation Following Chronic Resistance Training
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The Effects Of Carbohydrate And Amino Acids On Muscle Protein Synthesis After Acute Resistance Exercise And Muscle Adaptation Following Chronic Resistance Training
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Author : Wanyi Wang (M.S. in Kinesiology)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
The Effects Of Carbohydrate And Amino Acids On Muscle Protein Synthesis After Acute Resistance Exercise And Muscle Adaptation Following Chronic Resistance Training written by Wanyi Wang (M.S. in Kinesiology) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Resistance exercise (RE) is purported to induce muscle protein accretion primarily by stimulating muscle protein synthesis (MPS), with its effect potentiated by providing a protein or amino acid (AA) supplement post exercise. Glutamine, a conditionally essential AA, is increasingly recommended to improve exercise performance, but it is poorly soluble and unstable in sports drinks. This limitation can be overcome by combining L-glutamine with L-alanine to form a dipeptide (AlaGln). The first study demonstrated that AlaGln supplementation post resistance exercise significantly reduced the phosphorylation of AMPK and NF-kB p65 without activating intracellular signals for MPS. This study also showed that whey protein (WP) activated the mTOR signaling pathways without affecting signaling proteins that controls muscle protein breakdown (MPB). The results provide indirect evidence that AlaGln blocks MPB via suppressing the activation of AMPK-FOXO3A and NF-kB p65, while WP promotes MPS. Recent research suggests that adding carbohydrate (CHO) to a protein supplement post exercise can produce greater protein accretion and subsequently increase the magnitude of resistance training adaptation relative to protein supplementation alone. Early studies from our laboratory found that co-ingestion of CHO and protein, as compared with CHO or protein intake individually, had a greater effect on the activation of anabolic signaling proteins. However, the effect of CHO plus protein on MPS and muscle adaptation is controversial. The second study demonstrated that adding CHO to a protein supplement (CP) accelerated MPS via activating the mTOR-signaling pathway in comparison with placebo (PLA) and WP during early exercise recovery, but CP did not affect signaling proteins that regulate MPB. The third study found that CP enhanced muscle strength relative to PLA and WP. The greater strength development in CP appeared due to increased myofibrillar protein content. Increased muscle hypertrophy occurred without an increase in myonuclei suggesting satellite cell activation was not required for muscle fiber development. Taken together, the results of this series of studies suggest that 1) AlaGln inhibits MPB following acute RE; 2) Adding CHO to a protein supplement accelerates muscle recovery by stimulating MPS, and increases the magnitude of muscle strength by accumulating more myofibrillar protein in comparison with PLA and WP.
Influence Of Nutritive Interventions On Biochemical Signals And Markers Of Myofibrillar Protein Degradation Following Acute And Chronic Resistance Exercise In Untrained Men
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Author : Stephen Bird
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Influence Of Nutritive Interventions On Biochemical Signals And Markers Of Myofibrillar Protein Degradation Following Acute And Chronic Resistance Exercise In Untrained Men written by Stephen Bird and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Isometric exercise categories.
This Ph.D. cpmprises the results of three studies. Study One: Effect of liqid carbohydrate/essential amino acid ingestion on acute hormonal response during a single bout of resistance exercise in untrained men. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the influence of nutritive interventions on acute hormonal responses to a single bout of resistance exercise in untrained young men. Specifically, the aim was to determine whether the acute hormonal milieu conducive to enhancing skeletal muscle hypertrophic adaptation to resistance training could be created. Study Two: Effect of liquid carbohydrate/essential amino acid ingestion during an acute bout of resistance exercise on myofibrillar degradation in untrained men. While the ability to alter the anabolic hormonal environment and the influence that such adjustments have on modifying protein synthesis are well-documented, the ability to alter the catabolic hormonal environment, and the impact that such a change might have on affecting protein degradation has received considerably less attention. The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the influence of liquid carbohydrate (CHO) and/or essential amino acid (EAA) ingestion during resistance exercise and modification of the acute hormonal response on myofibrillar protein degradation. ... Study Three: Independent and combined effects of liquid carbohydrate/essential amino acid ingestion on muscular and hormonal adaptations following 12-weeks of resistance training in untrained men. The present investigation examined chronic alteration of the acute hormonal response associated with liquid carbohydrate (CHO) and/or essential amino acid (EAA) ingestion on hormonal adaptations and muscle fibre size following resistance training.
Nutrient Timing
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Author : Chad M. Kerksick
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2011-10-20
Nutrient Timing written by Chad M. Kerksick and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-20 with Health & Fitness categories.
Sports nutrition has evolved beyond what to eat and how much to eat to now include the question of when to eat. A hot topic in sports nutrition, nutrient timing is a dietary concept that takes into account time as a missing dimension in athletic performance and recovery. Not only is the consumption of nutrients in ideal amounts and proportions impo
The Improvement Era 37 No 06
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Author : The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-
language : en
Publisher: Hassell Street Press
Release Date : 2021-09-10
The Improvement Era 37 No 06 written by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter- and has been published by Hassell Street Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-10 with categories.
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Sports Nutrition
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Author : Ronald J. Maughan
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2013-09-24
Sports Nutrition written by Ronald J. Maughan and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-24 with Medical categories.
It is well understood that proper nutrition has a significant impact on sports performance. All of the essential nutrients must be supplied in the right amounts and at the right times for an athlete to achieve optimal health and performance. In addition, when devising eating strategies that will help athletes meet their goals, sports nutritionists must take account of personal preferences, social and cultural issues, and a whole range of other factors. This latest volume in the Encyclopaedia of Sports Medicine series, published by Wiley in partnership with the Medical Commission of the International Olympic Committee, Sports Nutrition covers this dynamic field in unparalleled depth and breadth, from the scientific underpinnings of nutritional science to the development of practical nutritional programs for athletes in a range of sports. Written and edited by the world’s leading authorities on nutrition in sports, this timely new reference: Provides comprehensive coverage of nutrition for both individual and team sports Presents current knowledge of macronutrients, micronutrients, and dietary supplements for the athlete, outlining both benefits and risks Offers clear guidance on the unique nutritional needs of special populations of athletes, such as vegetarian athletes, young athletes and aging athletes Includes chapters on the clinical nutritional needs of diabetic athletes and athletes with weight management issues Carries the full endorsement of the IOC Medical Commission
The Effects Of Carbohydrate And Protein Supplementation On Signaling Pathways Regulating Protein Turnover And Muscle Mass Following Chronic Resistance Training
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Author : Lu Huang (M. S. in Kinesiology)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
The Effects Of Carbohydrate And Protein Supplementation On Signaling Pathways Regulating Protein Turnover And Muscle Mass Following Chronic Resistance Training written by Lu Huang (M. S. in Kinesiology) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Skeletal muscle is important for physical activity and regulation of metabolism. Increase or maintenance of muscle mass is pursued by different populations ranging from athletes to people suffering from severe muscular diseases causing muscle atrophy/wasting. In this study, four animal groups were generated: sedentary group (No supplements or exercise) (SED); resistance training (RE) and whey supplements (WP); RE and combo (Carbohydrate and whey) supplements (CP); RE and placebo (DI water) (PLA). Flexor hallucis longus (FHL) muscles were collected after 8 weeks of training. Expression of several key proteins controlling muscle mass and protein turnover were measured in order to compare how different combinations affect muscle growth. It was found that resistance training induced reductions in myostatin protein expression compared with sedentary controls (p
Nutrition And Enhanced Sports Performance
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Author : Debasis Bagchi
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2018-10-05
Nutrition And Enhanced Sports Performance written by Debasis Bagchi and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-05 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Nutrition and Enhanced Sports Performance: Muscle Building, Endurance and Strength, Second Edition, includes comprehensive sections on the role of nutrition in human health, various types of physical exercises, including cardiovascular training, resistance training, aerobic and anaerobic exercises, bioenergetics and energy balance, and the nutritional requirements associated with each. Other sections cover sports and nutritional requirements, the molecular mechanisms involved in muscle building, an exhaustive review of various foods, minerals, supplements, phytochemicals, amino acids, transition metals, competition training, healthy cooking, physical training, and lifestyle and dietary recommendations for sports performance. This updated edition includes new chapters on mood, alertness, calmness and psychomotor performance in sports, extreme sports, natural myostatin inhibitor and lean body mass, the benefits of caffeine in sport nutrition formulations, the role of vitamin D in athletic performance, probiotics and muscle mass. Provides a comprehensive appraisal of the nutritional benefits of exercise in human health Compiles chapters reviewing the nutritional prophylaxis in human health Addresses performance enhancement drugs and sports supplements Presents various types of physical exercises and addresses exercise and nutritional requirements in special populations Discusses sports nutrition and the molecular mechanisms involved in muscle building Contains an exhaustive review of various food, minerals, supplements, phytochemicals, amino acids, transition metals, small molecules and other ergogenic agents Highlights the aspects of healthy cooking, physical training, lifestyle and dietary recommendations for sports performance
Energy Yielding Macronutrients And Energy Metabolism In Sports Nutrition
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Author : Judy A. Driskell
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1999-10-22
Energy Yielding Macronutrients And Energy Metabolism In Sports Nutrition written by Judy A. Driskell and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-10-22 with Health & Fitness categories.
Detailing the energy-yielding macronutrients, carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, this book discusses the body's need for these nutrients for growth, development and exercise. This book and its companion book "Macroelements, Water, and Electrolytes in Sports Nutrition" address the relationship of macronutrient and macroelement needs and interactions to sports and exercise. Ideal for individuals working in research in the energy areas of sports nutrition, Energy Yielding Macronutrients & Energy Metabolism in Sports Nutrition includes reviews of digestion, absorption, energy gains from energy-yielding macronutrients, nutritional implications of gender and age differences in energy metabolism, and weight loss and gain as influenced by caloric needs. Containing work by both editors and contributors accomplished in the field, this book provides new and provocative insights into the relationship between energy-yielding macronutrients and exercise.
Hormones Metabolism And The Benefits Of Exercise
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Author : Bruce Spiegelman
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-03-07
Hormones Metabolism And The Benefits Of Exercise written by Bruce Spiegelman and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-07 with Science categories.
The world is faced with an epidemic of metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. This is due to changes in dietary habits and the decrease in physical activity. Exercise is usually part of the prescription, the first line of defense, to prevent or treat metabolic disorders. However, we are still learning how and why exercise provides metabolic benefits in human health. This open access volume focuses on the cellular and molecular pathways that link exercise, muscle biology, hormones and metabolism. This will include novel “myokines” that might act as new therapeutic agents in the future.
Essentials Of Strength Training And Conditioning 4th Edition
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Author : Haff , G. Gregory
language : en
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Release Date : 2015-09-23
Essentials Of Strength Training And Conditioning 4th Edition written by Haff , G. Gregory and has been published by Human Kinetics this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-09-23 with Sports & Recreation categories.
Developed by the National Strength and Conditioning Association, Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning, Fourth Edition, is the fundamental preparation text for the CSCS exam as well as a definitive reference that strength and conditioning professionals will consult in everyday practice.