The Efficiency Of Government Expenditure
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The Efficiency Of Government Expenditure
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Author : Ms.Keiko Honjo
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 1997-11-01
The Efficiency Of Government Expenditure written by Ms.Keiko Honjo and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-11-01 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper assesses the efficiency of government expenditure on education and health in 38 countries in Africa in 1984-95, both in relation to each other and compared with countries in Asia and the Western Hemisphere. The results show that, on average, countries in Africa are less efficient than countries in Asia and the Western Hemisphere; however, education and health spending in Africa became more efficient during that period. The assessment further suggests that improvements in educational attainment and health output in African countries require more than just higher budgetary allocations.
Efficiency Of Public Spending In Developing Countries
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Author : Santiago Herrera
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2005
Efficiency Of Public Spending In Developing Countries written by Santiago Herrera and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Children categories.
Abstract: Government spending in developing countries typically account for between 15 and 30 percent of GDP. Hence, small changes in the efficiency of public spending could have a major impact on GDP and on the attainment of the government ' s objectives. The first challenge that stakeholders face is measuring efficiency. This paper attempts such quantification and has two major parts. The first part estimates efficiency as the distance between observed input-output combinations and an efficiency frontier (defined as the maximum attainable output for a given level of inputs). This frontier is estimated for several health and education output indicators by means of the Free Disposable Hull (FDH) and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) techniques. Both input-inefficiency (excess input consumption to achieve a level of output) and output-inefficiency (output shortfall for a given level of inputs) are scored in a sample of 140 countries using data from 1996 to 2002. The second part of the paper seeks to verify empirical regularities of the cross-country variation in efficiency. Results show that countries with higher expenditure levels register lower efficiency scores, as well as countries where the wage bill is a larger share of the government ' s budget. Similarly, countries with higher ratios of public to private financing of the service provision score lower efficiency, as do countries plagued by the HIV/AIDS epidemic and those with higher income inequality. Countries with higher aid-dependency ratios also tend to score lower in efficiency, probably due to the volatility of this type of funding that impedes medium term planning and budgeting. Though no causality may be inferred from this exercise, it points at different factors to understand why some countries might need more resources than others to achieve similar educational and health outcomes.
The Efficiency Of Government Expenditure
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Author : Sanjeev Gupta
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
The Efficiency Of Government Expenditure written by Sanjeev Gupta and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
This paper assesses the efficiency of government expenditure on education and health in 38 countries in Africa in 1984-95, both in relation to each other and compared with countries in Asia and the Western Hemisphere. The results show that, on average, countries in Africa are less efficient than countries in Asia and the Western Hemisphere; however, education and health spending in Africa became more efficient during that period. The assessment further suggests that improvements in educational attainment and health output in African countries require more than just higher budgetary allocations.
Quality Of Government And Living Standards
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Author : Francesco Grigoli
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2012-07-01
Quality Of Government And Living Standards written by Francesco Grigoli and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-07-01 with Business & Economics categories.
It is generally acknowledged that the government’s output is difficult to define and its value is hard to measure. The practical solution, adopted by national accounts systems, is to equate output to input costs. However, several studies estimate significant inefficiencies in government activities (i.e., same output could be achieved with less inputs), implying that inputs are not a good approximation for outputs. If taken seriously, the next logical step is to purge from GDP the fraction of government inputs that is wasted. As differences in the quality of the public sector have a direct impact on citizens’ effective consumption of public and private goods and services, we must take them into account when computing a measure of living standards. We illustrate such a correction computing corrected per capita GDPs on the basis of two studies that estimate efficiency scores for several dimensions of government activities. We show that the correction could be significant, and rankings of living standards could be re-ordered as a result.
Public Expenditure Handbook
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Author : Mr.Ke-young Chu
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 1991-09-15
Public Expenditure Handbook written by Mr.Ke-young Chu and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-09-15 with Business & Economics categories.
This handbook, edited by Ke-young Chu and Richard Hemming, offers guidance to officials formulating public policy recommendations, so that the aggregate level of public spending conforms with the economy's overall resource capacity. The handbook looks at the impact of public spending on the efficiency of resource use and explores the basis for distinguishing between productive and unproductive spending.
Efficiency And Equity In Social Spending
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Author : Nancy Birdsall
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1990
Efficiency And Equity In Social Spending written by Nancy Birdsall and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Desarrollo social categories.
In most countries it is easy to identify reallocations of public spending for social programs that would improve efficiency and simultaneously improve the distribution of income and better serve the poor. The authors suggest why these reallocations are difficult but not impossible to bring about.
Benchmarking The Efficiency Of Public Expenditure In The Russian Federation
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Author : David Hauner
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2007-10
Benchmarking The Efficiency Of Public Expenditure In The Russian Federation written by David Hauner and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-10 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper benchmarks the efficiency of public expenditure in the social sectors in the Russian Federation relative to other countries and among the country's regions. It finds that there is substantial room for efficiency gains, particularly in health care and social protection, although less so in education. An econometric analysis of efficiency differences between the regions suggests that they are positively related to per capita income and the quality of governance and democratic control, while they are negatively related to the share of federal transfers in the respective region's government revenue and the level of spending relative to gross regional product.
Measuring Government In The Twenty First Century
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Author : Livio Di Matteo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Measuring Government In The Twenty First Century written by Livio Di Matteo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Canada categories.
Government is the single most pervasive institution of modern life, with all facets affected by public sector activities. Over the last 100 years, government spending around the world has grown in terms of both spending percapita and share of national output. During the twentieth century, the relative size of government grew steadily, with surges during the two world wars. Figure 1.1 shows general government expenditure as a share of national output for the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom from 1948 to 2011. In 1870, government spending to GDP ratios in these countries were well below 10 percent (Tanzi, 2011: 8), but those ratios had more than tripled by the end of the twentieth century and have continued to grow in the first decade of the twenty-first century.
Efficiency Of Public Spending In Developing Countries
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Author : Santiago Herrera
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Efficiency Of Public Spending In Developing Countries written by Santiago Herrera and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Government spending in developing countries typically account for between 15 and 30 percent of GDP. Hence, small changes in the efficiency of public spending could have a major impact on GDP and on the attainment of the government's objectives. The first challenge that stakeholders face is measuring efficiency. This paper attempts such quantification and has two major parts. The first part estimates efficiency as the distance between observed input-output combinations and an efficiency frontier (defined as the maximum attainable output for a given level of inputs). This frontier is estimated for several health and education output indicators by means of the Free Disposable Hull (FDH) and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) techniques. Both input-inefficiency (excess input consumption to achieve a level of output) and output-inefficiency (output shortfall for a given level of inputs) are scored in a sample of 140 countries using data from 1996 to 2002. The second part of the paper seeks to verify empirical regularities of the cross-country variation in efficiency. Results show that countries with higher expenditure levels register lower efficiency scores, as well as countries where the wage bill is a larger share of the government's budget. Similarly, countries with higher ratios of public to private financing of the service provision score lower efficiency, as do countries plagued by the HIV/AIDS epidemic and those with higher income inequality. Countries with higher aid-dependency ratios also tend to score lower in efficiency, probably due to the volatility of this type of funding that impedes medium term planning and budgeting. Though no causality may be inferred from this exercise, it points at different factors to understand why some countries might need more resources than others to achieve similar educational and health outcomes.
From Containment To Rationalization
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Author : Mr.Jean-Jacques Hallaert
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2016-01-21
From Containment To Rationalization written by Mr.Jean-Jacques Hallaert and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-21 with Business & Economics categories.
Achieving France’s medium-term fiscal targets will require significant expenditure efforts. This paper identifies areas where there is scope for increasing expenditure efficiency, with a view to achieving higher quality and more sustainable fiscal consolidation. The methodology is based on a triple benchmarking. First, the level of public expenditure in different categories is compared to other European countries. Second, the impact of spending is assessed against other European countries. Third, the input mix is analyzed to understand what components are responsible for the level of spending and for the quality of outcomes This is done for various categories of spending and policies. Based on these results, the paper then provides policy options for expenditure reform in each of these areas, drawing on successful reform episodes in other countries.