The End Of Final Causes In Biology
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The End Of Final Causes In Biology
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Author : Lucas John Mix
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-10-31
The End Of Final Causes In Biology written by Lucas John Mix and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-10-31 with Philosophy categories.
This book provides a straightforward introduction to teleology in biology, the work it did and the work it can do. Informed by history and philosophy, it focuses on scientific concerns. Seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth century biologists proposed a menagerie of biological “actors” to explain power without appealing to Aristotelian vegetable souls and final causes. Three constraints on teleology narrowed the field, selecting among the various actors as they mutated and recombined. Methodological naturalism, local adaptation, and blind chance each represent a significant philosophical advance in biology. Kant, Darwin, and the Modern Synthesis provided a new teleology, grounded in natural selection, an etiological recursion of form and function, and the details of carbon chemistry on Earth. They naturalized teleology, but they also finalized nature, shifting conceptions about the world and science. Understanding these links – historical, philosophical, and theoretical – sets the stage for new work moving forward.
The End Of Final Causes In Biology
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Author : Lucas John Mix
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
The End Of Final Causes In Biology written by Lucas John Mix and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
This book provides a straightforward introduction to teleology in biology, the work it did and the work it can do. Informed by history and philosophy, it focuses on scientific concerns. Seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth century biologists proposed a menagerie of biological "actors" to explain power without appealing to Aristotelian vegetable souls and final causes. Three constraints on teleology narrowed the field, selecting among the various actors as they mutated and recombined. Methodological naturalism, local adaptation, and blind chance each represent a significant philosophical advance in biology. Kant, Darwin, and the Modern Synthesis provided a new teleology, grounded in natural selection, an etiological recursion of form and function, and the details of carbon chemistry on Earth. They naturalized teleology, but they also finalized nature, shifting conceptions about the world and science. Understanding these links - historical, philosophical, and theoretical - sets the stage for new work moving forward. Dr. Lucas John Mix is the Blumberg NASA/Library of Congress Chair in Astrobiology and an associate in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology at Harvard. He studies life concepts at the intersection of science, philosophy and theology and has worked with NASA Astrobiology programs for the last 25 years on understanding the meaning and extent of life. His previous books include Life in Space: Astrobiology for Everyone (2009) and Life Concepts from Aristotle to Darwin: On Vegetable Souls (2018).
The New Biology
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Author : Michael J. Reiss
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2023-06-20
The New Biology written by Michael J. Reiss and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-06-20 with Science categories.
In this accessible analysis, a philosopher and a science educator look at biological theory and society through a synthesis of mechanistic and organicist points of view to best understand the complexity of life and biological systems. The search for a unified framework for biology is as old as Plato’s musings on natural order, which suggested that the universe itself is alive. But in the twentieth century, under the influence of genetics and microbiology, such organicist positions were largely set aside in favor of mechanical reductionism, by which life is explained by the movement of its parts. But can organisms truly be understood in mechanical terms, or do we need to view life from the perspective of whole organisms to make sense of biological complexity? The New Biology argues for the validity of holistic treatments from the perspectives of philosophy, history, and biology and outlines the largely unrecognized undercurrent of organicism that has persisted. Mechanistic biology has been invaluable in understanding a range of biological issues, but Michael Reiss and Michael Ruse contend that reductionism alone cannot answer all our questions about life. Whether we are considering human health, ecology, or the relationship between sex and gender, we need to draw from both organicist and mechanistic frameworks. It’s not always a matter of combining organicist and mechanistic perspectives, Reiss and Ruse argue. There is scope for a range of ways of understanding the complexity of life and biological systems. Organicist and mechanistic approaches are not simply hypotheses to be confirmed or refuted, but rather operate as metaphors for describing a universe of sublime intricacy.
Philosophy Of Biology
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Author : Alex Rosenberg
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2007-12-19
Philosophy Of Biology written by Alex Rosenberg and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-12-19 with Philosophy categories.
Is life a purely physical process? What is human nature? Which of our traits is essential to us? In this volume, Daniel McShea and Alex Rosenberg – a biologist and a philosopher, respectively – join forces to create a new gateway to the philosophy of biology; making the major issues accessible and relevant to biologists and philosophers alike. Exploring concepts such as supervenience; the controversies about genocentrism and genetic determinism; and the debate about major transitions central to contemporary thinking about macroevolution; the authors lay out the broad terms in which we should assess the impact of biology on human capacities, social institutions and ethical values.
Nature Justice And Rights In Aristotle S Politics
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Author : Fred Dycus Miller
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 1995
Nature Justice And Rights In Aristotle S Politics written by Fred Dycus Miller and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Literary Criticism categories.
This comprehensive study of Aristotle's Politics argues that nature, justice, and rights are central to Aristotle's political thought. Miller challenges the widely held view that the concept of rights is alien to Aristotle's thought, and presents evidence for talk of rights in Aristotle's writings. He argues further that Aristotle's theory of justice supports claims of individual rights that are political and based in nature.
The Philosophy Of Biology
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Author : Marjorie Grene
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2004-08-02
The Philosophy Of Biology written by Marjorie Grene and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-08-02 with Philosophy categories.
Examines how the philosophy of biology has evolved to our current understanding.
The Revolt Of Unreason
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Author : Michael Candelaria
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2012-01-01
The Revolt Of Unreason written by Michael Candelaria and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-01 with Philosophy categories.
This book examines solutions to the crisis of modernity proposed by the Spanish philosopher Miguel de Unamuno and the Mexican philosopher Antonio Caso. Acceptance of the objective claims of modern scientific rationality and the consequent rejection of the objective validity of artistic, moral, and religious claims generates the crisis of modernity. The problem is that of justifying artistic, moral, and religious claims. Miguel de Unamuno in his classic work, The Tragic Sense of Life, addresses the conflict between the belief in personal immortality and modern scientific rationality. Holding that there is no rational justification for the belief in immortality, Unamuno finds a solution in a “saving scepticism” to act “as if” he deserved immortality. In his book Existence as Economy, as Art, and Charity Caso attempts to create an aposteriori metaphysics based on the “current” results of science supplemented by the intuitions of art and morality. In doing so, Caso believes that he has enlarged the scope of the knowable to include objects of art, morality, and religion. Unamuno, by accepting the strict line of demarcation between faith and reason has no other recourse but to turn to decisionism. By turning to intuitionism, Caso believes that he has blurred the line of demarcation. Decisionism and intuitionism, therefore, are worthy of further exploration.
Adaptation
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Author : Michael R. Rose
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 1996-09-22
Adaptation written by Michael R. Rose and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-09-22 with Nature categories.
The study of evolutionary adaptation returns to the center stage of biology with this important volume. This innovative treatise discusses new developments in adaptation, with new methods, and new theoretical foundations, achievements, and prospects for a rich intellectual future. It is an insightful reintroduction to the themes that Darwin and his successors regarded as central to any profound understanding of biology.
Canguilhem And Continental Philosophy Of Biology
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Author : Giuseppe Bianco
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-02-01
Canguilhem And Continental Philosophy Of Biology written by Giuseppe Bianco and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-02-01 with Philosophy categories.
This edited volume presents papers on this alternative philosophy of biology that could be called “continental philosophy of biology,” and the variety of positions and solutions that it has spawned. In doing so, it contributes to debates in the history and philosophy of science and the history of philosophy of science, as well as to the craving for ‘history’ and/or ‘theory’ in the theoretical biological disciplines. In addition, however, it also provides inspiration for a broader image of philosophy of biology, in which these traditional issues may have a place. The volume devotes specific attention to the work of Georges Canguilhem, which is central to this alternative tradition of “continental philosophy of biology”. This is the first collection on Georges Canguilhem and the Continental tradition in philosophy of biology. The book should be of interest to philosophers of biology, continental philosophers, historians of biology and those interested in broader traditions in philosophy of science.
The Oxford Handbook Of Philosophy Of Biology
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Author : Michael Ruse
language : en
Publisher: Oxford Handbooks Online
Release Date : 2008-07-10
The Oxford Handbook Of Philosophy Of Biology written by Michael Ruse and has been published by Oxford Handbooks Online this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-07-10 with Philosophy categories.
This handbook covers the history of philosophy of biology then moves on to evolutionary theory. It continues with discussions of molecular biology and ecology, and covers biology and ethics as well as biology and religion.