The Evolution Of Un Sanctions
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The Evolution Of Un Sanctions
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Author : Enrico Carisch
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-10-27
The Evolution Of Un Sanctions written by Enrico Carisch and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-27 with Social Science categories.
Marking the 50th anniversary of UN sanctions, this work examines the evolution of sanctions from a primary instrument of economic warfare to a tool of prevention and protection against global conflicts and human rights abuses. The rise of sanctions as a versatile and frequently used tool to confront the challenges of armed conflicts, terrorism, the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and violations of international humanitarian and human rights law, is rooted in centuries of trial and error of coercive diplomacy. The authors examine the history of UN sanctions and their potential for confronting emerging and future threats, including: cyberterrorism and information warfare, environmental crimes, and corruption. This work begins with a historical overview of sanctions and the development of the United Nations system. It then explores the consequences of the superpowers' Cold War stalemate, the role of the Non-Aligned Movement, and the subsequent transformation from a blunt, comprehensive approach to smart and fairer sanctions. By calibrating its embargoes, asset freezes and travel bans, the UN developed a set of tools to confront the new category of risk actors: armed non-state actors and militias, global terrorists, arms merchants and conflict minerals, and cyberwarriors. Section II analyzes all thirty UN sanctions regimes adopted over the past fifty years. These narratives explore the contemporaneous political and security context that led to the introduction of specific sanctions measures and enforcement efforts, often spearheaded for good or ill by the permanent five members of the Security Council. Finally, Section III offers a qualitative analysis of the UN sanctions system to identify possible areas for improvements to the current Security Council structure dominated by the five veto-wielding victors of World War II. This work will be of interest to researchers and practitioners in criminal justice, particularly with an interest in security, as well as related fields such as international relations and political science.
Research Handbook On Un Sanctions And International Law
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Author : Larissa van den Herik
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2017-07-28
Research Handbook On Un Sanctions And International Law written by Larissa van den Herik and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-28 with Law categories.
The 1990s have been labeled the ‘Sanctions Decade’, since they witnessed an unprecedented intensification of the use of collective non-military enforcement measures, and in particular sanctions, by the post-Cold War reactivated Security Council. This Research Handbook studies the current practice of UN sanctions in international law, their interrelationship with other regimes and substantive areas of law, as well as issues arising from their implementation and application at the domestic level.
The Evolution Of The United Nations System
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Author : Amos Yoder
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 1993
The Evolution Of The United Nations System written by Amos Yoder and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with History categories.
First published in 1993. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
The Evolution Of The Islamic State
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Author : Douglas C. Lovelace
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2016
The Evolution Of The Islamic State written by Douglas C. Lovelace and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with History categories.
Terrorism: Commentary on Security Documents is a series that provides primary source documents and expert commentary on various topics relating to the worldwide effort to combat terrorism, as well as efforts by the United States and other nations to protect their national security interests. Volume 143, The Evolution of the Islamic State, focuses on the U.S. response to the Islamic State (IS) both in Syria and Iraq from a foreign policy standpoint and a military strategy perspective, as well as considering the impact of the rise of IS on the broader global jihadist movement. Consideration is also given to the importance of information warfare in countering IS's worldwide recruiting efforts via the Internet. This volume also includes documents examining related issues of great importance, including a report considering IS's financing, a report on the legal issues arising in connection with U.S. military action against IS, the role of Shia warlords and militias in Iraq in opposing IS, and the lessons that can be learned from the support provided to IS by European fighters.
A Strategic Understanding Of Un Economic Sanctions
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Author : Golnoosh Hakimdavar
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-10-08
A Strategic Understanding Of Un Economic Sanctions written by Golnoosh Hakimdavar and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-08 with Political Science categories.
Economic Sanctions are increasingly used as a legal, non-military technique of combating abusers of international peace. However it remains unclear how the success or failure of these sanctions is measured. This book examines the seldom-explored United Nations’ economic sanctions deliberation process and exposes systematic problems in the measurement of the success or failure of these sanctions. Centering on the key concepts of "peace and security," the author brings the reader’s attention to the discrepancies that exist in the process of decision-making, implementation, and evaluation of UN imposed economic sanctions. She engages international law and development methods to provide proof for the lack of consensus in measures of success and failure, which in turn suggests that sanction implementation on a uniform domestic front are unattainable. This thorough analysis concludes with suggestions for improving the sanctions process, only to clear the path for negating them as a whole and suggest alternative non-coercive measures for mitigating conflict situations and threats to peace and security.
United Nations Financial Sanctions
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Author : Sachiko Yoshimura
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-11-29
United Nations Financial Sanctions written by Sachiko Yoshimura and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-29 with Social Science categories.
This book presents insightful perspectives on the invocation, implementation and application of UN-approved financial sanctions and related issues. With contributions from academics, diplomats and UN panel experts, Yoshimura offers an analysis of how the UN financial sanctions have evolved, the different roles of various major international actors in agreeing and deploying them, and their success in achieving desired outcomes. It also sheds light on a vital role of Japan in the formulation and deployment of financial sanctions, as the third largest economy in the world with very limited armed forces and a pacifist constitution. Offering valuable consideration into one of the key implements of international law, this is an essential guide for scholars and practitioners in Diplomacy and International Relations.
Imposing Sanctions On Violent Non State Actors To Restore International Peace And Security
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Author : Christopher Huber
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-06-06
Imposing Sanctions On Violent Non State Actors To Restore International Peace And Security written by Christopher Huber and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-06 with Political Science categories.
In the last decades, violent non-state actors (VNSAs) such as rebel and terrorist organizations have proved their capacity to break international law. The international community, particularly the United Nations (UN), has reacted to this development by redirecting its conflict resolution efforts to these non-state entities. This has turned targeted sanctions into one of the most vital and indispensable foreign policy tools available to the UN Security Council in combating terrorism and contributing to the peaceful resolution of (intra-state) conflicts. Despite the UN Security Council’s growing tendency to sanction VNSAs, there has been little research analyzing the effects of UN targeted sanctions on these non-government actors. This book seeks to fill this gap and shifts the focus on non-state actors by ascertaining the general mechanisms through and conditions under which UN targeted sanctions imposed on VNSAs tend to be effective. The tripartite empirical analysis combining quantitative and qualitative research methods demonstrates that the state-centric understanding of how sanctions work is not simply applicable to the effective sanctioning of violent non-state actors such as rebel and terrorist movements.
Necessity And Proportionality In International Peace And Security Law
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Author : Claus Kreß
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Necessity And Proportionality In International Peace And Security Law written by Claus Kreß and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Law categories.
There are legal limits on the circumstances under which states may use military force to address a perceived or actual threat. The concepts of necessity and proportionality are central to these limitations imposed by the law. Necessity and Proportionality in International Peace and Security Law explores the many ways in which necessity and proportionality arise in the law on the modern battlefield, which is rapidly changing, complex, and ambiguous.
The Arms Trade And International Criminal Law
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Author : Tomas Hamilton
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2025-01-22
The Arms Trade And International Criminal Law written by Tomas Hamilton and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-01-22 with Law categories.
Despite the establishment of UN embargoes, the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT), and the EU Common Position, arms export regulation suffers from significant legal and practical limitations. This book critically evaluates the existing body of 'Arms Trade Law', highlighting its inadequacies in preventing weapons from reaching perpetrators of mass violence. Drawing on interviews, participant observation, and empirical research to assess the perspectives of judges and lawyers, it also explores the International Criminal Court's narrow focus on prosecuting political and military leaders. Arguing that institutional attitudes and commitments contribute to a legal culture that obscures the potential for an arms trader case, the book illustrates these dynamics through a case study of the UN Security Council's response to the Second Congo War and the ICC's investigations in the DRC Situation, elucidating missed opportunities to enforce accountability against the entire spectrum of actors responsible for international crimes. Through detailed examination of the arms trade's complexities, The Arms Trade and International Criminal Law foregrounds the structural causes of atrocity and argues for broader accountability. It investigates how individuals-including corporate executives, state officials, and arms traffickers-can be held directly accountable for atrocities under international law, even when their actions are geographically or causally distant from the violence itself. Furthermore, by advancing a specific interpretation of the actus reus and mens rea elements of accomplice liability under Article 25 of the Rome Statute, this book argues for a robust legal basis upon which the ICC can prosecute arms traders. It therefore underscores how international criminal law can complement existing regulations by leveraging its expressive function to condemn all those who profit from atrocity.
International Sanctions And Human Rights
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Author : Pavel Šturma
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2024-12-19
International Sanctions And Human Rights written by Pavel Šturma and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-12-19 with Law categories.
The word "sanctions" is currently used more than ever before not only in the media, political statements, but also in legal discourse. Apart from this very widely cited term, European Union documents tend to refer also to "restrictive measures" while international law parlance embraces the concept of "countermeasures" (being the modern equivalent of peaceful reprisals from the point of view of general customary international law), i.e. individual coercive measures, or "security measures", which is a term used in some treaties. Sanctions or measures, whatever they are called, are a necessary and legitimate response to Russian aggression in Ukraine in the current situation. However, this does not rule out certain legal problems. The nature of these measures must be assessed in the light of international law. From this point of view, finding answers to the following questions is essential. Is the content of these measures generally consistent or contrary to the rules of international law? Who is authorized to decide on the introduction and content of these measures? Can these measures produce extraterritorial effects? Do sanctions targeting individuals (natural and legal persons) violate their human rights (right to property, right to fair trial, etc.)? Which type of information can be used as a basis for imposing sanctions against these individuals? Are there sufficient procedural safeguards and remedies at national and international level? Can some restrictive measures be reviewed and possibly overturned by courts? Are individuals who have been wrongfully added on sanction lists entitled to any compensation?