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The First World War And The International Economy


The First World War And The International Economy
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The Impact Of The First World War On International Business


The Impact Of The First World War On International Business
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Author : Andrew Smith
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016-10-26

The Impact Of The First World War On International Business written by Andrew Smith and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-26 with Business & Economics categories.


People throughout the world are now commemorating the centenary of the start of the First World War. For historians of international business and finance, it is an opportunity to reflect on the impact of the war on global business activity. The world economy was highly integrated in the early twentieth century thanks to nearly a century of globalisation. In 1913, the economies of the countries that were about to go war seemed inextricably linked. The Impact of the First World War on International Business explores what happened to international business organisations when this integrated global economy was shattered by the outbreak of a major war. Studying how companies responded to the economic catastrophe of the First World War offers important lessons to policymakers and businesspeople in the present, concerning for instance the impact of great power politics on international business or the thesis that globalization reduces the likelihood of inter-state warfare. This is the first book to focus on the impact of the First World War on international business. It explores the experiences of firms in Britain, France, Germany, Japan, China, and the United States as well as those in neutral countries such as the Netherlands, Sweden, and Argentina, covering a wide range of industries including financial services, mining, manufacturing, foodstuffs, and shipping. Studying how firms responded to sudden and dramatic change in the geopolitical environment in 1914 offers lessons to the managers of today's MNEs, since the world economy on the eve of the First World War has many striking parallels with the present. Aimed at researchers, academics and advanced students in the fields of Business History, International Management and Accounting History; this book goes beyond the extant literature on this topic namely due to the broad range of industries and countries covered. The Impact of the First World War on International Business covers a broad range of geographical areas and topics examining how private firms responded to government policy and have based their contributions mainly on primary sources created by business people.



The First World War And The International Economy


The First World War And The International Economy
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Author : Chris Wrigley
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2000

The First World War And The International Economy written by Chris Wrigley and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Business & Economics categories.


Economists and historians consider the bottom line of The Great War: its impact on the long-term growth rates of the belligerent countries and on individual sectors within those economies. Among the issues they tackle are trade barriers as a scapegoat for the sluggish state of world trade in the 1920s; links between the war, German banking instability, and the catastrophe in July 1931; the rapid expansion of US manufacturing, boosting of big business, and the shift of manufacturing to the southern part of the country; social and economic consequences for the British and Indian cotton industries; Japanese economy and society; and organized labor and female labor. Annotation copyrighted by Book News Inc., Portland, OR



The Economics Of World War I


The Economics Of World War I
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Author : Stephen Broadberry
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2005-09-29

The Economics Of World War I written by Stephen Broadberry and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-09-29 with History categories.


This unique volume offers a definitive new history of European economies at war from 1914 to 1918. It studies how European economies mobilised for war, how existing economic institutions stood up under the strain, how economic development influenced outcomes and how wartime experience influenced post-war economic growth. Leading international experts provide the first systematic comparison of economies at war between 1914 and 1918 based on the best available data for Britain, Germany, France, Russia, the USA, Italy, Turkey, Austria-Hungary and the Netherlands. The editors' overview draws some stark lessons about the role of economic development, the importance of markets and the damage done by nationalism and protectionism. A companion volume to the acclaimed The Economics of World War II, this is a major contribution to our understanding of total war.



The First World War 1914 1918


The First World War 1914 1918
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Author : Gerd Hardach
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 1981

The First World War 1914 1918 written by Gerd Hardach and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with History categories.




The International Economy And The Undeveloped World 1865 1914


The International Economy And The Undeveloped World 1865 1914
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Author : A. J. H. Latham
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006

The International Economy And The Undeveloped World 1865 1914 written by A. J. H. Latham and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Business & Economics categories.


Economic Historians generally consider the international economy through the lens of the most economically powerful nations. This Western perspective distorts the true picture of how the international economy operates. The International Economy and the Undeveloped Worldseeks to redress this fundamental bias and argues that Africa and Asia have a dramatic impact on the economies of the wealthier nations. This volume concentrates on the role of developing nations in the 50 years preceding the first world war. These regions, it argues, were instrumental in the evolution of the world economy. Indeed it could not have evolved in the manner that it did without them. Latham points to the fact that the so-called free-trade era was unsustainable without the developing countries, without which Europe and America would have had to make fundamental readjustments. This book was first published in 1978.



Planning Armageddon


Planning Armageddon
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Author : Nicholas A. Lambert
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2012-01-01

Planning Armageddon written by Nicholas A. Lambert and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-01 with History categories.


Before the First World War, the British Admiralty conceived a plan to win rapid victory in the event of war with Germany-economic warfare on an unprecedented scale.This secret strategy called for the state to exploit Britain's effective monopolies in banking, communications, and shipping-the essential infrastructure underpinning global trade-to create a controlled implosion of the world economic system. In this revisionist account, Nicholas Lambert shows in lively detail how naval planners persuaded the British political leadership that systematic disruption of the global economy could bring about German military paralysis. After the outbreak of hostilities, the government shied away from full implementation upon realizing the extent of likely collateral damage-political, social, economic, and diplomatic-to both Britain and neutral countries. Woodrow Wilson in particular bristled at British restrictions on trade. A new, less disruptive approach to economic coercion was hastily improvised. The result was the blockade, ostensibly intended to starve Germany. It proved largely ineffective because of the massive political influence of economic interests on national ambitions and the continued interdependencies of all countries upon the smooth functioning of the global trading system. Lambert's interpretation entirely overturns the conventional understanding of British strategy in the early part of the First World War and underscores the importance in any analysis of strategic policy of understanding Clausewitz's "political conditions of war."



The Economics Of World War Ii


The Economics Of World War Ii
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Author : Mark Harrison
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2000-06-26

The Economics Of World War Ii written by Mark Harrison and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-06-26 with Business & Economics categories.


This book provides a new quantitative view of the wartime economic experiences of six great powers; the UK, the USA, Germany, Italy, Japan and the USSR. What contribution did economics made to war preparedness and to winning or losing the war? What was the effect of wartime experiences on postwar fortunes, and did those who won the war lose the peace? A chapter is devoted to each country, reviewing its economic war potential, military-economic policies and performance, war expenditures and development, while the introductory chapter presents a comparative overview. The result of an international collaborative project, the volume aims to provide a text of statistical reference for students and researchers interested in international and comparative economic history, the history of World War II, the history of economic policy, and comparative economic systems. It embodies the latest in economic analysis and historical research.



The Growth Of The International Economy 1820 1960


The Growth Of The International Economy 1820 1960
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Author : A. G. Kenwood
language : en
Publisher: SUNY Press
Release Date : 1971-01-01

The Growth Of The International Economy 1820 1960 written by A. G. Kenwood and has been published by SUNY Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1971-01-01 with Political Science categories.


Here is an introduction to the study of the international economy as a mechanism for diffusing modern economic growth between nations. It is divided into three parts, of which the first examines the workings of the system in the years before 1914. This includes an analysis of the conditions favorable to the growth of international economic relations during the period, examines the changing character of the international flows of labor, capital and trade, and surveys contemporary commercial and international monetary policies. This first part concludes with a chapter analyzing the international economy as a mechanism for diffusing economic growth, and another chapter examining the nature of the economic trends and fluctuations associated with this phase in the growth of the international economic system. The second part gives an account of the collapse of the international economy during the interwar years, and traces the causes of collapse to changes in the structure and functioning of the system brought about by World War I and the depression of the 1930s. The final part takes the story beyond World War II. It describes the wartime and post-war efforts to reconstruct the international economic system, and examines the working of the new system in the period after 1945, bringing out both its strengths and its weaknesses.



How War Influences


How War Influences
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Author : Johnny Ch Lok
language : en
Publisher: Independently Published
Release Date : 2019-04-05

How War Influences written by Johnny Ch Lok and has been published by Independently Published this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-05 with categories.


Chapter One International war economy influences1.1 Can wars impact global economy threat?1.1.1 How did First World War influence Europe economy ?Can wars bring either advantages or disadvantages or both to impact our economy growth ?In history, I feel that international war can influence any country's economy development has either positive or negative impact in possible. On the inflationary hand, for the First World War economy growth influence example, in the First World War and since most notably the German hyperinflation of the 1920 year, this type of monetary regime shows a far smaller tendency towards inflation. In the First World War period, volatility of inflation and output were higher in the short run. So, First World War had little negative impact to influence world inflation in the war period. However, in the First World War period, the supply of money was determined not by the rates of economic growth only, but by the amount of available gold and could not be adjusted in response to economic needs. So, new sources of gold would increase money supply and inflation and decrease interest rates, the opposite of what modern central banks would do to provide stable economic growth in First World War. So, it explained that the First World War occurrence caused the change from non-inflationary to inflationary long term development. Thus, it seems First World War brings more money supply and gold supply to stable economic growth in the future long term period.On the labor productivity influence hand, leaving monetary issues aside, the First World War created the working time intellectual mood to change labor productivity, it would be a 15-18 hours working week for more enlightened leisure to Europe labors. Some prominent modern economists on the accuracy of the predictions on GDP growth per capital was remarkably accurate given to be fallen down that it was made at the time when economy growth theory did not even exist in the First World War period. Thus, it seems First World War also causes working time to be raised to the developing countries during the industrialization period. Then, the long time working time brought to the developing countries' workers to it is poor for labor health. Hence, although employers can raise productivity, but they need many workers to work long time to cause unhealthy. The majority found that the prediction on leisure is of the variations between world regions, due to income level exist, making European variety of capitalism. So, the First World War caused income inequality within countries and between nation states, trends in working hours, world poverty and ever growing needs ( consumerism) and the like. Thus, the developed western countries' workers can work lesser time to compare to the developing Asia countries' workers. Consequently, First World War brought negative impact to influence the developing Asia countries' worker unhealthy and physical and mental illnesses number had been increasing as well as it brought positive impact to influence the labor productivity had been increasing to the Asia countries' employers, due to their workers need to work long time every day.



Securing The World Economy


Securing The World Economy
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Author : Patricia Clavin
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2015-12-03

Securing The World Economy written by Patricia Clavin and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-03 with History categories.


Securing the World Economy explains how efforts to support global capitalism became a core objective of the League of Nations. Based on new research drawn together from archives on three continents, it explores how the world's first ever inter-governmental organization sought to understand and shape the powerful forces that influenced the global economy, and the prospects for peace. It traces how the League was drawn into economics and finance by the exigencies of the slump and hyperinflation after the First World War, when it provided essential financial support to Austria, Hungary, Greece, Bulgaria, and Estonia and, thereby, established the founding principles of financial intervention, international oversight, and the twentieth-century notion of international 'development'. But it is the impact of the Great Depression after 1929 that lies at the heart of this history. Patricia Clavin traces how the League of Nations sought to combat economic nationalism and promote economic and monetary co-operation in a variety of, sometimes contradictory, ways. Many of the economists, bureaucrats, and policy-advisors who worked for it played a seminal role in the history of international relations and social science, and their efforts did not end with the outbreak of the Second World War. In 1940 the League established an economic mission in the United States, where it contributed to the creation of organizations for the post-war world - the United Nations Organization, the IMF, the World Bank, the UN Food and Agriculture Organization - as well as to plans for European reconstruction and co-operation. It is a history that resonates deeply with challenges that face the Twenty-First Century world.