The Global Diffusion Of Markets And Democracy
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The Global Diffusion Of Markets And Democracy
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Author : Beth A. Simmons
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
The Global Diffusion Of Markets And Democracy written by Beth A. Simmons and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Democratization categories.
The diffusion of markets and democracy around the world was a defining feature of the late twentieth century. Many social scientists view this economic and political liberalization as the product of independent choices by national governments. This book argues that policy and political changes were influenced heavily by prior actions of external actors: not just other governments, but international organizations and communities of experts. Drawing together insights from economics, sociology, political science and international relations, the contributors focus on four mechanisms by which markets and democracy have diffused through interdependent decision-making: coercion and the impact of powerful countries and international actors; economic competition for markets and investment; learning from experiences of other countries; and emulation among countries. These mechanisms are tested empirically using sophisticated quantitative techniques in areas as diverse as capital account and investment policy, human rights and democratization, and government downsizing, privatization and taxation.
The Global Diffusion Of Markets And Democracy
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Author : Beth A. Simmons
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008-03-06
The Global Diffusion Of Markets And Democracy written by Beth A. Simmons and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-03-06 with categories.
Analyses the ways markets and democracy have diffused around the world through interdependent decision-making.
Diffusion Of Democracy
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Author : Barbara Wejnert
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2014-01-09
Diffusion Of Democracy written by Barbara Wejnert and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-09 with Political Science categories.
This study of democratization since 1800 provides new data to explore the relationship between socioeconomic development and democracy over the last 200 years. Barbara Wejnert examines both countries and regions, and argues that the role of diffusion mechanisms (as opposed to internal factors) is especially significant, as are regional effects.
The Banks Did It
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Author : Neil Fligstein
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2021-06-08
The Banks Did It written by Neil Fligstein and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-08 with Business & Economics categories.
A comprehensive account of the rise and fall of the mortgage-securitization industry, which explains the complex roots of the 2008 financial crisis. More than a decade after the 2008 financial crisis plunged the world economy into recession, we still lack an adequate explanation for why it happened. Existing accounts identify a number of culpritsÑfinancial instruments, traders, regulators, capital flowsÑyet fail to grasp how the various puzzle pieces came together. The key, Neil Fligstein argues, is the convergence of major US banks on an identical business model: extracting money from the securitization of mortgages. But how, and why, did this convergence come about? The Banks Did It carefully takes the reader through the development of a banking industry dependent on mortgage securitization. Fligstein documents how banks, with help from the government, created the market for mortgage securities. The largest banksÑCountrywide Financial, Bear Stearns, Citibank, and Washington MutualÑsoon came to participate in every aspect of this market. Each firm originated mortgages, issued mortgage-backed securities, sold those securities, and, in many cases, acted as their own best customers by purchasing the same securities. Entirely reliant on the throughput of mortgages, these firms were unable to alter course even when it became clear that the market had turned on them in the mid-2000s. With the structural features of the banking industry in view, the rest of the story falls into place. Fligstein explains how the crisis was produced, where it spread, why regulators missed the warning signs, and how banksÕ dependence on mortgage securitization resulted in predatory lending and securities fraud. An illuminating account of the transformation of the American financial system, The Banks Did It offers important lessons for anyone with a stake in avoiding the next crisis.
Migrating Into Financial Markets
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Author : Matt Bakker
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2015-09-29
Migrating Into Financial Markets written by Matt Bakker and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-09-29 with Business & Economics categories.
A free ebook version of this title is available through Luminos, University of California Press’s new open access publishing program for monographs. Visit www.luminosoa.org to learn more. We understand very little about the billions of dollars that flow throughout the world from migrants back to their home countries. In this rigorous and illuminating work, Matt Bakker, an economic sociologist, examines how these migrant remittances—the resources of some of the world’s least affluent people—have come to be seen in recent years as a fundamental contributor to development in the migrant-sending states of the Global South. This book analyzes how the connection between remittances and development was forged through the concrete political and intellectual practices of policy entrepreneurs within a variety of institutional settings, from national government agencies and international development organizations to nongovernmental policy foundations and think tanks.
The Third Wave
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Author : Samuel P. Huntington
language : en
Publisher: University of Oklahoma Press
Release Date : 2012-09-06
The Third Wave written by Samuel P. Huntington and has been published by University of Oklahoma Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-06 with Political Science categories.
Between 1974 and 1990 more than thirty countries in southern Europe, Latin America, East Asia, and Eastern Europe shifted from authoritarian to democratic systems of government. This global democratic revolution is probably the most important political trend in the late twentieth century. In The Third Wave, Samuel P. Huntington analyzes the causes and nature of these democratic transitions, evaluates the prospects for stability of the new democracies, and explores the possibility of more countries becoming democratic. The recent transitions, he argues, are the third major wave of democratization in the modem world. Each of the two previous waves was followed by a reverse wave in which some countries shifted back to authoritarian government. Using concrete examples, empirical evidence, and insightful analysis, Huntington provides neither a theory nor a history of the third wave, but an explanation of why and how it occurred. Factors responsible for the democratic trend include the legitimacy dilemmas of authoritarian regimes; economic and social development; the changed role of the Catholic Church; the impact of the United States, the European Community, and the Soviet Union; and the "snowballing" phenomenon: change in one country stimulating change in others. Five key elite groups within and outside the nondemocratic regime played roles in shaping the various ways democratization occurred. Compromise was key to all democratizations, and elections and nonviolent tactics also were central. New democracies must deal with the "torturer problem" and the "praetorian problem" and attempt to develop democratic values and processes. Disillusionment with democracy, Huntington argues, is necessary to consolidating democracy. He concludes the book with an analysis of the political, economic, and cultural factors that will decide whether or not the third wave continues. Several "Guidelines for Democratizers" offer specific, practical suggestions for initiating and carrying out reform. Huntington's emphasis on practical application makes this book a valuable tool for anyone engaged in the democratization process. At this volatile time in history, Huntington's assessment of the processes of democratization is indispensable to understanding the future of democracy in the world.
World Culture Epz Edition
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Author : Frank J. Lechner
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2008-04-15
World Culture Epz Edition written by Frank J. Lechner and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04-15 with Political Science categories.
This book explores the development, content, and impact of world culture. Combining several of the most fruitful theoretical perspectives on world culture, including the world polity approach and globalization theory, the book gives a historical treatment of the development of world culture and assesses the complex impact of world culture on people, organizations, and societies. This is a provocative, synthetic, and grounded interpretation of world culture that is essential for any student or scholar of globalization and world affairs. Traces world culture back from the mid-19th century to the present day Includes numerous illustrations of key issues and empirical research Written in lively, accessible language for the student and general scholar
World On Fire
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Author : Amy Chua
language : en
Publisher: Random House
Release Date : 2010-02-23
World On Fire written by Amy Chua and has been published by Random House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-02-23 with Political Science categories.
Amy Chua's remarkable and provocative book explores the tensions of the post-Cold War globalising world. As global markets open, ethnic conflict worsens and democracy in developing nations can turn ugly and violent. Chua shows how free markets have concentrated disproportionate, often spectacular wealth in the hands of resented ethnic minorities - 'market-dominant minorities'. Adding democracy to this volatile mix can unleash suppressed ethnic hatred and bring to power 'ethno-nationalist' governments that pursue aggressive policies of confiscation and revenge. Chua also shows how individual countries may be viewed as market-dominant minorities, a fact that could help to explain the rising tide of anti-American sentiment around the world and the visceral hatred of Americans expressed in recent acts of terrorism. Chua is not an anti-globalist. But in this must-read bestselling book she presciently warns that, far from making the world a better and safer place, democracy and capitalism - at least in the raw, unrestrained form in which they are currently being exported - are intensifying ethnic resentment and global violence, with potentially catastrophic results.
Global Standards Of Market Civilization
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Author : Brett Bowden
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2006-10-03
Global Standards Of Market Civilization written by Brett Bowden and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-10-03 with Business & Economics categories.
Global Standards of Market Civilization brings together leading scholars, representing a range of political views, to investigate how global 'standards of market civilization' have emerged, their justification, and their political, economic and social impact. Key chapters show how as the modern state system has evolved such standards have also developed, incorporating the capacity for social cooperation and self-government to which states must conform in order to fully participate as legitimate members in international society. This study analyzes their justification, and their political, economic and social impact. Civilization is a term widely used within modern political discourse its meaning, yet it is poorly understood and misused. part I explores the idea of a ‘standard of civilization’, its implications for governance, and the use of such standards in political theory and economic thought, as well as its historical application part II presents original case studies that demonstrate the emergence of such standards and explore the diffusion of liberal capitalist ideas through the global political economy and the consequences for development and governance; the International Monetary Fund’s capacity to formulate a global standard of civilization in its reform programs; and problems in the development of the global trade, including the issue of intellectual property rights. This book will be of strong interest to students and scholars in wide range of fields relating to the study of globalization including: international political economy; international political theory; international relations theory; comparative political economy; international law; historical sociology; and economic history.
Bounded Rationality And Policy Diffusion
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Author : Kurt Weyland
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2009-02-09
Bounded Rationality And Policy Diffusion written by Kurt Weyland and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-02-09 with Political Science categories.
Why do very different countries often emulate the same policy model? Two years after Ronald Reagan's income-tax simplification of 1986, Brazil adopted a similar reform even though it threatened to exacerbate income disparity and jeopardize state revenues. And Chile's pension privatization of the early 1980s has spread throughout Latin America and beyond even though many poor countries that have privatized their social security systems, including Bolivia and El Salvador, lack some of the preconditions necessary to do so successfully. In a major step beyond conventional rational-choice accounts of policy decision-making, this book demonstrates that bounded--not full--rationality drives the spread of innovations across countries. When seeking solutions to domestic problems, decision-makers often consider foreign models, sometimes promoted by development institutions like the World Bank. But, as Kurt Weyland argues, policymakers apply inferential shortcuts at the risk of distortions and biases. Through an in-depth analysis of pension and health reform in Bolivia, Brazil, Costa Rica, El Salvador, and Peru, Weyland demonstrates that decision-makers are captivated by neat, bold, cognitively available models. And rather than thoroughly assessing the costs and benefits of external models, they draw excessively firm conclusions from limited data and overextrapolate from spurts of success or failure. Indications of initial success can thus trigger an upsurge of policy diffusion.