The Gut Microbiota A Driver Of Type 2 Diabetes
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The Gut Microbiota A Driver Of Type 2 Diabetes
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
The Gut Microbiota A Driver Of Type 2 Diabetes written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with categories.
The studies described in this thesis investigated how changes in the gut microbiota relate to alterations in the immune system and the development of beta-cell dysfunction. Moreover, we addressed the interrelation between intestinal immunoglobulins and gut microbiota in individuals with metabolic diseases. Chapter 1 provides a general introduction to the gut microbiota, the pathogenesis of T2D, and the function of IgA. Chapter 2 summarizes the current literature on gut microbiota, obesity, and T2D. A western diet leads to changes in gut microbial composition and intestinal physiology. Altered intestinal microbial composition promotes obesity by increasing energy harvest and gut permeability that may facilitate the translocation of bacteria or bacterial components into the circulation. Thereby, the gut microbiota can impact the function of metabolic organs. Interventions aiming to restore gut microbial homeostasis, such as ingestion of fibers or therapeutic microbes, are novel strategies to reduce metabolic abnormalities. Inflammation in the pancreas can lead to beta-cell dysfunction with the driving inflammatory triggers yet to be identified. The gut microbiota provides a plausible source of pro-inflammatory molecules. Chapter 3 shows that a high-fat diet significantly altered the gut and pancreatic bacterial signature in mice. Importantly, our findings could not be traced back to contamination, a well-known factor disturbing microbial signal identification in low-abundance samples. Our data point out that the pancreas comprises bacterial DNA. This underscores similar speculations and observations in the field implying that gut microbial components translocate and act on distal organs and tissue. Chapter 4 summarizes the current literature on gut microbiota and metabolic inflammation. T2D is characterized by a chronic state of low-grade inflammation, which has been linked to the development of insulin resistance. Intestinal microbiota drive the development of insuli
An Insight Into The Changing Scenario Of Gut Microbiome During Type 2 Diabetes
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Author : Alpana Mukhuty
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
An Insight Into The Changing Scenario Of Gut Microbiome During Type 2 Diabetes written by Alpana Mukhuty and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Science categories.
The gut microbiome consists of bacteria, protozoans, viruses, and archaea collectively called as gut microbiota. Gut microbiome (GM) modulates a variety of physiological responses ranging from immune and inflammatory responses, neuronal signalling, gut barrier integrity and mobility, synthesis of vitamins, steroid hormones, neurotransmitters to metabolism of branched-chain aromatic amino acids, bile salts, and drugs. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a highly prevalent metabolic disorder that is featured by imbalance in blood glucose level, altered lipid profile, and their deleterious consequences. GM dysbiosis a major factor behind the incidence and progression of insulin resistance and is responsible for altering of intestinal barrier functions, host metabolic, and signaling pathways. The GM of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients is characterized by reduced levels of Firmicutes and Clostridia and an increased ratio of Bacteroidetes:Firmicutes. Endotoxemia stimulates a low-grade inflammatory response, which is known to trigger T2DM. Xenobiotics including dietary components, antibiotics, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs strongly affect the gut microbial composition and can promote dysbiosis. However, the exact mechanisms behind the dynamics of gut microbes and their impact on host metabolism are yet to be deciphered. Interventions that can restore equilibrium in the GM have beneficial effects and can improve glycemic control.
The Intricate Relationship Between Diabetes Diet And The Gut Microbiota
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Author : Gratiela G. Pircalabioru
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
The Intricate Relationship Between Diabetes Diet And The Gut Microbiota written by Gratiela G. Pircalabioru and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Medicine categories.
The most recent World Health Organization report revealed that the number of adults suffering from diabetes has almost quadrupled since 1980 to 422 million, thus drawing attention to the urgent need to step up prevention and treatment of this disease. This chronic ailment is often associated with serious complications such as increased risk of heart disease, stroke and kidney failure. In 2012 alone, diabetes lead to 1.5 million deaths. This dramatic rise is mainly due to the increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes and factors driving it include overweight and obesity. Novel studies in this area have advanced our understanding regarding the complex relationship between diet, gut microbiota and diabetes. Despite no clear microbiota signature is associated with diabetes, patients harbour a reduction of butyrate-producing species (Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Roseburia intestinalis) as well as an increase in opportunistic pathogens. Furthermore, the functions of the gut microbiome (id est, vitamin metabolism, transport of sugars, carbohydrate metabolism, short chain fatty acid (SCFA) synthesis, et cetera) are also different in patients with type 2 diabetes, a fact that may significantly alter the course of disease. Diet is one of the most decisive factors that have an impact on the gut microbiome. Nutritional interventions using prebiotics (id est, inulin-type fructans), polyphenols and arabinoxylans have been employed for the treatment of diabetes. Besides the shifts produced by these dietary components in the microbiome composition, it is worth mentioning their impact on host physiology through modulation of gut peptide production and glucose metabolism. The information presented within this chapter summarizes the most recent advances in the study of the microbiome-diet-diabetes interplay and analyses how these novel findings can be used in order to establish new therapeutic approaches for those with diabetes.
Role Of Gut Microbiota In Diabetes Mellitus And Tumor Immunity
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Author : Zhe-Sheng Chen
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2023-05-02
Role Of Gut Microbiota In Diabetes Mellitus And Tumor Immunity written by Zhe-Sheng Chen and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-05-02 with Medical categories.
Gut Microbiota Potential In Type 2 Diabetes
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Author : Shahzad Irfan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Gut Microbiota Potential In Type 2 Diabetes written by Shahzad Irfan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Medical categories.
Appropriate metabolic regulation is vital for health. Multiple factors play important roles in maintaining the metabolic system in different physiological conditions. These factors range from intestinal metabolism of food and absorption of nutrients, pancreatic hormones and their interplay under feeding and fasting, hepatic regulation of macronutrient formation and metabolism storage of macronutrients in skeletal muscles. Intestinal metabolism of ingested food and subsequent nutrient absorption depends on the symbiotic microbial community residing in the gut. The specific ratio of different microbial phyla in the gut has proved to be extremely important for the beneficial role of the gut microbiome. The importance of gut microbiome in the regulation of metabolism has been highlighted with reports of the abnormal ratio of gut microbial community resulting in different metabolic disturbances ranging from obesity to the development of diabetes mellitus. The physiological impact of insulin on the metabolic regulation of macronutrients has recently been shown to be augmented by the secondary metabolites produced by anaerobic fermentation. The current chapter aims to highlight recent findings in the regulation of extraintestinal metabolism by gut microbiome with a specific emphasis on the physiology and pathophysiology of the pancreas in health and disease.
Gut Microbiota In Relation To Pathogenesis Of Obesity And Type 2 Diabetes
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Author : Shantha Devi Udayappan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Gut Microbiota In Relation To Pathogenesis Of Obesity And Type 2 Diabetes written by Shantha Devi Udayappan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
Role Of Gut Microbiota In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Pathogenesis
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Author : Nicola Mariano Cinquepalmi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Role Of Gut Microbiota In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Pathogenesis written by Nicola Mariano Cinquepalmi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Gut Microbiota In Human Type 2 Diabetes
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Author : Etana Joy Jaiyeola
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Gut Microbiota In Human Type 2 Diabetes written by Etana Joy Jaiyeola and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
Gut Microbiota
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Author : Edward Ishiguro
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2018-01-10
Gut Microbiota written by Edward Ishiguro and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-10 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Gut Microbiota: Interactive Effects on Nutrition and Health provides a detailed account of gut microbiota research, an exploration of how diet influences gut microbiota and the implications of gut microbiota for health. The book provides a summary of how diet interacts with the gut microbiome and presents practical applications focused on food, supplements and safety. This book provides scientists and clinicians who have an interest in the microbiome with an understanding of the future potential—and limitations—of this tool, as they strive to make use of evidence-based diet information for the maintenance of good health. Consolidates new research on how gut microbiota affects nutrition Identifies how the research applies to food, supplements and safety Provides diet recommendations to improve health Includes case studies from clinical populations Explores how diet influences gut microbiota
Characterization Of Gut Microbiota And Its Interactions With Glp 1 Ra In Type 2 Diabetic Patients
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Author : 盧秀真
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Characterization Of Gut Microbiota And Its Interactions With Glp 1 Ra In Type 2 Diabetic Patients written by 盧秀真 and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with categories.