The Harmonisation Of The International Sale Of Goods Through Principles Of Law And Uniform Rules
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The Harmonisation Of The International Sale Of Goods Through Principles Of Law And Uniform Rules
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Author : Jorge Balmaceda
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2020-04-02
The Harmonisation Of The International Sale Of Goods Through Principles Of Law And Uniform Rules written by Jorge Balmaceda and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-04-02 with Law categories.
This book describes how the international sales of goods have generally been ruled by either English Law or Civil Law, which has often posed problems due to different approaches regarding certain principles and institutions. It clarifies how the Vienna Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods of 11th April, 1980, tried to harmonise these differences with a codification technique, typical of civil law, giving privilege to rules of civil law most of the time, but also introducing institutions from common law, that are not incompatible with civil law. It explains why the general principles of civil law and of UNIDROIT help with this goal of harmonisation, integrating the loopholes of the UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) during its interpretation. The work demonstrates why codification prevails over common law in the CISG most of the time, giving certitude and sophistication to this matter, which is vital for global commerce.
Is The Vienna Convention On International Sale Of Goods Too Much Influenced By Civil Law And Should It Contain A Rule On The Passing Of Property
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Author : Benjamin Mahr
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2007-11
Is The Vienna Convention On International Sale Of Goods Too Much Influenced By Civil Law And Should It Contain A Rule On The Passing Of Property written by Benjamin Mahr and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-11 with Law categories.
Essay from the year 2004 in the subject Business economics - Law, grade: Distinction (84%), The University of Sydney (Faculty of Law), course: International Business Law, language: English, abstract: INTRODUCTION The Vienna Convention on International Sale of Goods [The Vienna Convention] is by far not the first attempt to harmonize international commercial code - there is a history of efforts to harmonization that goes back to the beginning of the 20th century. In 1930 the International Institute for the Unification of Private Law [UNIDROIT] was created in Europe. It developed its first draft sales law in 1935 and resumed its efforts in 1951 producing a draft commercial code which was circulated until the early 1960's. The first successful intermediate stage was reached, when in 1964 The Hague Conference adopted the Uniform Law for the International Sale of Goods [ULIS] and the Uniform Law for the Formation of Contracts [ULF]. High expectations accompanied the signing of the Hague Convention on Sales, but only a small number of countries ratified the Hague Convention and its application was strictly reduced to these member states. "It was especially disappointing that the Hague Conventions were not ratified by some of the signatory states - such as France and the United States - which had exercised considerable influence on the formulation of their rules." Despite the partial failure of the Hague Conventions international efforts to harmonization of sales law were still going on. In 1966 the United Nations founded The United Nations Commission on International Trade Law [UNCITRAL] which gave top priority to establishing a uniform international trade law. The efforts of a group comprised of 14 nations lead to the first draft text of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods [CISG] which was "deliberated at the eleventh session of UNCITRAL in 1978 in New York" and then circulated "among the governments of UN member states for t
The United Nations Convention On Contracts For The International Sale Of Goods
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Author : John Felemegas
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
The United Nations Convention On Contracts For The International Sale Of Goods written by John Felemegas and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with categories.
Research Handbook On International Commercial Contracts
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Author : Andrew Hutchison
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2020-12-25
Research Handbook On International Commercial Contracts written by Andrew Hutchison and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-25 with Law categories.
This comprehensive Research Handbook examines the continuum between private ordering and state regulation in the lex mercatoria, highlighting constancy and change in this dynamic and evolving system in order to offer an in-depth discussion of international commercial contract law. International scholars from a range of jurisdictions and legal cultures across Africa, North America and Europe, dissect a plethora of contract types, including sale, insurance, shipping, credit, negotiable instruments and agency against the backdrop of key legal regimes commonly chosen in international agreements.
Unification And Harmonization Of International Commercial Law
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Author : Morten Fogt
language : en
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Release Date : 2012-07-18
Unification And Harmonization Of International Commercial Law written by Morten Fogt and has been published by Kluwer Law International B.V. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-07-18 with Law categories.
In theory, the numerous existing formal instruments designed to unify or harmonize international commercial law should achieve the implied (and desired) end result: resolution of the legal uncertainty and lack of predictability in the legal position of traders. However, it is well known that they fall far short of such an outcome. This innovative book (based on a conference held at the University of Aarhus in October 2009) offers deeply considered, authoritative responses to important practical questions that have still not been answered comprehensively, and that need to be answered for the efficient conduct of international commerce and for the future development of international commercial law. These questions include: ; Can clearly preferred methods of unification and harmonization be identified? What are the benefits of achieving unification and harmonization by means of party autonomy and contract practice? Is it necessary first to harmonize some aspects of private international law? Which aspects of unification and harmonization should be formal, and which can remain informal? How should formal and informal measures interact? What conflicts are likely to arise, and what resolutions are available? Should tensions be seen as inevitable, positive, and necessary? Which of several international instruments are applicable, and what order of priority should apply? Sixteen different nationalities are represented, allowing for fruitful discussion across all major legal systems. Prominent scholars and experienced practitioners offer deeply informed insights into how to navigate the complex field of international commercial law with its multiplicity of instruments, and how to resolve or neutralize the possible defects of various different means of unification and harmonization of international commercial law. These insights and proposals are sure to be welcomed by interested academics, practitioners, judges, arbitrators, and businessmen throughout the world at global, regional, and local levels.
Uniformity In The Application Of Cisg Provisions
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Author : Daniel Fritz
language : en
Publisher: diplom.de
Release Date : 2009-07-15
Uniformity In The Application Of Cisg Provisions written by Daniel Fritz and has been published by diplom.de this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-07-15 with Business & Economics categories.
Inhaltsangabe:Introduction: Problems facing cross-border transactions and possible solutions: The main prerogative for the international trader is to implement the business transaction as conveniently and quickly as possible. Besides choosing reliable business partners, a governing body of law that facilitates the transaction successfully is required. International business transactions are rarely conducted under a tailor-made law and are therefore dependent on the law that governs the transaction in terms of the rules of private international law. Determining the applicable law of the contract is one of the major problems facing a cross-border transaction. One way in which this question can be addressed is by means of the rules of private international law. Yet, these rules are rather complex and often subject to uncertainties. Even unification of the rules of private international law is unlikely to serve the needs of modern international business. If the proper law is determined, at least one of the parties to the transaction will be faced with an unknown body of rules. This party is forced to act in alien surroundings under a law with which it is unfamiliar. An alternative, is to unify law on the domestic level. This would avoid the difficulties in applying the rules of international private law. However, to harmonise domestic law on world wide basis is a matter of impossibility. Some divergences based on settled legal traditions are irreconcilable. Furthermore, there is the obstacle that a harmonised law may affect the concepts of another area of law. For example the issue of sales law affects the issue of transfer of property an area of law with fundamentally varying concepts. The adoption of uniform sales law at the international level represents a third approach. These rules only apply to a particular range of sales transactions and therefore do not compel a State to abandon all of its own legal traditions. The UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods has established a uniform international law of this character. The overall goal of the CISG is to harmonise domestic laws for international sales transactions. A precondition for this goal is the achievement of uniformity. The achievement of uniformity comprises a two-fold process. The mere adoption of the Convention is the first step towards the ultimate aim of achieving the broadest degree of uniformity in the law of international sales. The second step is the [...]
Commercial Contract Law
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Author : Larry A. DiMatteo
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2013-01-31
Commercial Contract Law written by Larry A. DiMatteo and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-31 with Law categories.
Part I. The Role of Consent: 1. Transatlantic perspectives: fundamental themes and debates Larry A. DiMatteo, Qi Zhou and Séverine Saintier 2. Competing theories of contract: an emerging consensus? Martin A. Hogg 3. Contracts, courts and the construction of consent Tom W. Joo 4. Are mortgage contracts promises? Curtis Bridgeman Part II. Normative Views of Contract: 5. Naturalistic contract Peter A. Alces 6. Contract in a networked world Roger Brownsword 7. Contract, transactions, and equity T.T. Arvind Part III. Contract Design and Good Faith: 8. Reasonability in contract design Nancy S. Kim 9. Managing change in uncertain times: relational view of good faith Zoe Ollerenshaw Part IV. Implied Terms and Interpretation: 10. Implied terms in English contract law Richard Austen-Baker 11. Contract interpretation: judicial rule, not party choice Juliet Kostritsky Part V. Policing Contracting Behavior: 12. The paradox of the French method of calculating the compensation of commercial agents and the importance of conceptualising the remedial scheme under Directive 86/653 Séverine Saintier 13. Unconscionability in American contract law Chuck Knapp 14. Unfair terms in comparative perspective: software contracts Jean Braucher 15. (D)CFR initiative and consumer unfair terms Mel Kenny Part VI. Misrepresentation, Breach and Remedies: 16. Remedies for misrepresentation: an integrated system David Capper 17. Re-examining damages for fraudulent misrepresentation James Devenney 18. Remedies for documentary breaches: English law and the CISG Djakhongir Saidov Part VII. Harmonizing Contract Law: 19. Harmonisation European contract law: default and mandatory rules Qi Zhou 20. Harmonization and its discontents: a critique of the transaction cost argument for a European contract law David Campbell and Roger Halson 21. Europeanisation of contract law and the proposed common European sales law Hector MacQueen 22. Harmonization of international sales law Larry A. DiMatteo.
An International Restatement Of Contract Law The Unidroit Principles Of International Commercial Contracts
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Author : Michael Joachim Bonell
language : en
Publisher: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
Release Date : 2009-03-27
An International Restatement Of Contract Law The Unidroit Principles Of International Commercial Contracts written by Michael Joachim Bonell and has been published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-03-27 with Law categories.
The Unidroit Principles of International Contracts, first published in 1994, have met with extraordinary success in the legal and business community worldwide. Prepared by a group of eminent experts from all major legal systems of the world, they provide a comprehensive set of rules for international commercial contracts. This new edition of An International Restatement of Contract Law is the first comprehensive introduction to the Unidroit Principles 2004. In addition, it provides an extensive survey and analysis of the actual use of the Unidroit Principles in practice with special emphasis on the different ways in which they have been interpreted and applied by the courts and arbitral tribunals in the hundred or so cases reported worldwide. The book also contains the full text of the Preamble and the 180 articles of the Unidroit Principles 2004 in Chinese, English, French, German, Italian and Russian as well as the 1994 edition in Spanish.
Transnational Commercial Law
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Author : Roy Goode
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2012-03-29
Transnational Commercial Law written by Roy Goode and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-03-29 with Law categories.
Transnational commercial law represents the outcome of work undertaken to harmonize national laws affecting domestic and cross-border transactions and is upheld by a diverse spectrum of instruments. Now in its second edition, this authoritative work brings together the major instruments in this field, dividing them into thirteen groups: Treaty Law, Contracts, Electronic Commerce, International Sales, Agency and Distribution, International Credit Transfers and Bank Payment Undertakings, International Secured Transactions, Cross-Border Insolvency, Securities Custody, Clearing and Settlement and Securities Collateral, Conflict of Laws, Civil Procedure, Commercial Arbitration, and a new section on Carriage of Goods. Each group of instruments is preceded by linking text which provides important context by identifying the key instruments in each group, discussing their purposes and relationships, and explaining the major provisions of each instrument, thus setting them in their commercial context. This volume is unique in providing the full text of international conventions, including the preamble - which is important for interpretation - and the final clauses and any annexes. In addition, each instrument is accompanied by a complete list of dates of signature and ratification by all contracting states, all easily navigated through the detailed tables of contents which precedes it. This fully-indexed work provides an indispensable guide for the practitioner or academic to the primary transnational commercial law instruments.
Uniform Rules For European Contract Law
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Author : Francisco de Elizalde
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2018-06-28
Uniform Rules For European Contract Law written by Francisco de Elizalde and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-28 with Law categories.
Over the last 30 years, the evolution of acquis communautaire in consumer law and harmonising soft law proposals have utterly transformed the landscape of European contract law. The initial enthusiasm and approval for the EU programme has waned and, post Brexit, it currently faces increasing criticism over its effectiveness. In this collection, leading academics assess the project and ask if such judgements are fair, and suggest how harmonisation in the field might be better achieved. This book looks at the uniform rules in the context of: the internal market; national legislators and courts; bridging the gap between common and civil law; and finally their influence on non-member states. Critical and rigorous, it provides a timely and unflinching critique of one of the most important fields of harmonisation in the European Union.