The History Of Numerals And Number Writing
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The History Of Numerals And Number Writing
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Author : Csaba Varga
language : en
Publisher: CreateSpace
Release Date : 2012-06-04
The History Of Numerals And Number Writing written by Csaba Varga and has been published by CreateSpace this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06-04 with Mathematics categories.
The Author investigated 30,000 years writing-history of humanity in his previous book Signs Letters Alphabet. This book ads to his investigation everything he could find about numbers and number writing in our history. The ancient numerals: the dot, line, a line perpendicular to it (I) and a long line. Every one of these signs marked its own local value. Thus, we can write every number with different arrangements of these four signs. The reader can compare the 17,000-year-old numeral pictured on the front of this book (written on the cave's wall in Lascaux) with the 19th century signs seen on the inside of this back cover. The earliest found dot-line numeral so far is around 30,000 years old. Finds with such recordings get more numerous as we approach our time. This method was used, unchanged, in Ancient Egypt through its history, in China, by the Mayans, by the Aramaic culture in Middle East, the Eskimos and even in the salt mines of Transylvanian until the start of 20th century. Everybody did it, because there was no other kind of number-writing. We are no exception either. Our “Arabic” number-writing has a Palaeolithic origin also, except that the signs became over-ornamented in India, changing to “cifra” (adornment, ciphers), before arriving in Europe. The Palaeolithic calculator had two basic signs: dot and line. The lines could be drawn in the sand as in Egypt or even somewhere in Africa today. The dots could be pebbles, marbles, kernels or shells. The very fast calculator, with wires and beads on them is still used world wide, its name and form varies from abacus (Latin) to soroban (Japan) or from schoti Russia) to suan pan (China).
The History Of Number Systems Place Value
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Author : Gabriel Esmay
language : en
Publisher: Teacher Created Materials
Release Date : 2017-06-01
The History Of Number Systems Place Value written by Gabriel Esmay and has been published by Teacher Created Materials this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-01 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.
Learn the history of number systems with this engaging book! This text combines mathematics and literacy skills, and uses practical, real-world examples of problem solving to teach math and language arts content. Students will learn place value while reading about the number systems of the Egyptians and Romans, and also learn important vocabulary terms like cuneiform, binary systems, roman numerals, and more! The full-color images, math charts, and practice problems make learning math easy and fun. The table of contents, glossary, and index will further understanding of math and reading concepts. The Math Talk problems and Explore Math sidebars provide additional learning opportunities while developing students higher-order thinking skills.
Numbers
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Author : Graham Flegg
language : en
Publisher: Courier Corporation
Release Date : 2013-05-13
Numbers written by Graham Flegg and has been published by Courier Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-13 with Mathematics categories.
Readable, jargon-free book examines the earliest endeavors to count and record numbers, initial attempts to solve problems by using equations, and origins of infinite cardinal arithmetic. "Surprisingly exciting." — Choice.
The History Of Number Systems Place Value
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Author : Gabriel Esmay
language : en
Publisher: Teacher Created Materials
Release Date : 2024-02-13
The History Of Number Systems Place Value written by Gabriel Esmay and has been published by Teacher Created Materials this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-02-13 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.
Learn the history of number systems with this engaging math reader! This text combines mathematics and literacy skills, and uses practical, real-world examples of problem solving to teach math and language arts content. Students will learn place value while reading about the number systems of the Egyptians and Romans, and also learn important vocabulary terms like cuneiform, binary systems, roman numerals, and more! The full-color images, math charts, and practice problems make learning math easy and fun. The table of contents, glossary, and index will further understanding of math and reading concepts. The Math Talk problems and Explore Math sidebars provide additional learning opportunities while developing students’ higher-order thinking skills.
Reckonings
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Author : Stephen Chrisomalis
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Reckonings written by Stephen Chrisomalis and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Number theory categories.
Insights from the history of numerical notation suggest that how humans write numbers is an active choice involving cognitive and social factors. Over the past 5,000 years, more than 100 methods of numerical notation—distinct ways of writing numbers—have been developed and used by specific communities. Most of these are barely known today; where they are known, they are often derided as cognitively cumbersome and outdated. In Reckonings , Stephen Chrisomalis considers how humans past and present have used numerals, reinterpreting historical and archaeological representations of numerical notation and exploring the implications of why we write numbers with figures rather than words. Chrisomalis shows that numeration is a social practice. He argues that written numerals are conceptual tools that are transformed to fit the perceived needs of their users, and that the sorts of cognitive processes that affect decision-making around numerical activity are complex and involve social factors. Drawing on the triple meaning of reckon —to think, to calculate, and to judge—as a framing device, Chrisomalis argues that the history of numeral systems is best considered as a cognitive history of language, writing, mathematics, and technology. Chrisomalis offers seven interlinked essays that are both macro-historical and cross-cultural, with a particular focus, throughout, on Roman numerals. Countering the common narrative that Roman numerals are archaic and clumsy, Chrisomalis presents examples of Roman numeral use in classical, medieval, and early modern contexts. Readers will think more deeply about written numbers as a cognitive technology that each of us uses every single day, and will question the assumption that whatever happened historically was destined to have happened, leading inevitably to the present.
From One To Zero
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Author : Georges Ifrah
language : en
Publisher: Penguin Group
Release Date : 1987
From One To Zero written by Georges Ifrah and has been published by Penguin Group this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Mathematics categories.
"Traces the development of numerical systems in Sumerian, Egyptian, Greek, Roman, Chinese, Babylonian, and Mayan cultures, and examines the origins of the Hindu-Arabic numerals we use today"--Back cover.
The Story Of Our Numbers
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Author : Zelda King
language : en
Publisher: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc
Release Date : 2010-01-01
The Story Of Our Numbers written by Zelda King and has been published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-01 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.
Explains the history of written numbers, from ancient Roman numerals to the invention of the Hindu-Arabic numeral system and the spread of the Arabic numeral system around the world.
The Universal History Of Numbers
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Author : Georges Ifrah
language : en
Publisher: Wiley
Release Date : 2000-10-09
The Universal History Of Numbers written by Georges Ifrah and has been published by Wiley this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-10-09 with Mathematics categories.
"Georges Ifrah is the man. This book, quite simply, rules. . . . It is outstanding . . . a mind-boggling and enriching experience." –The Guardian (London) "Monumental. . . . a fascinating journey taking us through many different cultures."–The Times (London)"Ifrah’s book amazes and fascinates by the scope of its scholarship. It is nothing less than the history of the human race told through figures." –International Herald Tribune Now in paperback, here is Georges Ifrah’s landmark international bestseller–the first complete, universal study of the invention and evolution of numbers the world over. A riveting history of counting and calculating, from the time of the cave dwellers to the twentieth century, this fascinating volume brings numbers to thrilling life, explaining their development in human terms, the intriguing situations that made them necessary, and the brilliant achievements in human thought that they made possible. It takes us through the numbers story from Europe to China, via ancient Greece and Rome, Mesopotamia, Latin America, India, and the Arabic countries. Exploring the many ways civilizations developed and changed their mathematical systems, Ifrah imparts a unique insight into the nature of human thought–and into how our understanding of numbers and the ways they shape our lives have changed and grown over thousands of years. "Dazzling."–Kirkus Reviews "Sure to transfix readers."–PublishersWeekly
The History Of Zero
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Author : Tika Downey
language : en
Publisher: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc
Release Date : 2010-01-01
The History Of Zero written by Tika Downey and has been published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-01 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.
Looks at counting systems and the history of the number zero.
The Number Concept Its Origin And Development
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Author : Levi L. Conant
language : en
Publisher: DigiCat
Release Date : 2022-09-16
The Number Concept Its Origin And Development written by Levi L. Conant and has been published by DigiCat this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-16 with Fiction categories.
DigiCat Publishing presents to you this special edition of "The Number Concept: Its Origin and Development" by Levi L. Conant. DigiCat Publishing considers every written word to be a legacy of humankind. Every DigiCat book has been carefully reproduced for republishing in a new modern format. The books are available in print, as well as ebooks. DigiCat hopes you will treat this work with the acknowledgment and passion it deserves as a classic of world literature.