The Story Of Our Numbers

DOWNLOAD

Download The Story Of Our Numbers PDF/ePub or read online books in Mobi eBooks. Click Download or Read Online button to get The Story Of Our Numbers book now. This website allows unlimited access to, at the time of writing, more than 1.5 million titles, including hundreds of thousands of titles in various foreign languages. If the content not found or just blank you must refresh this page

The Story Of Our Numbers

DOWNLOAD
Author : Zelda King
language : en
Publisher: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc
Release Date : 2010-01-01

The Story Of Our Numbers written by Zelda King and has been published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-01 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.

Explains the history of written numbers, from ancient Roman numerals to the invention of the Hindu-Arabic numeral system and the spread of the Arabic numeral system around the world.

The History Of Zero

DOWNLOAD
Author : Tika Downey
language : en
Publisher: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc
Release Date : 2010-01-01

The History Of Zero written by Tika Downey and has been published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-01 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.

Looks at counting systems and the history of the number zero.

Origin Of The Arabic Numerals

DOWNLOAD
Author : Adel S. Bishtawi
language : en
Publisher: Authorhouse UK
Release Date : 2011

Origin Of The Arabic Numerals written by Adel S. Bishtawi and has been published by Authorhouse UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with History categories.

The wonder of the unique Arabic numerals is so blunted by common use we forget sometimes that their sudden disappearance might cause our civilisation to grind to a halt with catastrophic consequences. The invention of the system was as a great a revolution as the invention of writing, and to both the transition from barbarism to civilisation is attributed. Indeed, both may have a single source created in a time beyond the horizon of our remotest past. Contrary to what is generally believed, there lies the origin of the Arabic numerals - beyond the horizon of our remotest past. The history of our ancient numerals has been an intriguing mystery. For over two centuries historians of numbers have tried to trace the roots of the system. Hundreds of manuscripts have been analysed and then reanalysed, historical accounts studied, and book after book churned out but remarkably, solid leads to the origin of the numerals remained cold. Almost despairingly, Karl Menninger confessed that the "desire to hold in one's hand the key to a mystery which experts have sought for in vain remains alive in all periods of history". In this thoroughly researched book, historian Adel S. Bishtawi believes the mystery has been unlocked, and in the process, much more was found than expected. If his conclusions are correct, our numerals, which are miniature drawings of the hand and fingers, may be 5000-7000 years old. Moreover, it is known that numerals were invented before the letters of alphabets. It is probable that some of these numerals were employed as letters in the universal alphabet used by most nations.

Numbers

DOWNLOAD
Author : Graham Flegg
language : en
Publisher: Schocken
Release Date : 1983

Numbers written by Graham Flegg and has been published by Schocken this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Mathematics categories.

Extremely readable, jargon-free book for general readers traces the evolution of counting systems, from the primitive techniques of antiquity to computers. Text examines the earliest endeavors to count and record numbers, initial attempts to solve problems by using equations, and origins of infinite cardinal arithmetic. "Surprisingly exciting." -- "Choice."

Finding Zero

DOWNLOAD
Author : Amir D. Aczel
language : en
Publisher: Macmillan + ORM
Release Date : 2015-01-06

Finding Zero written by Amir D. Aczel and has been published by Macmillan + ORM this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-06 with Mathematics categories.

The invention of numerals is perhaps the greatest abstraction the human mind has ever created. Virtually everything in our lives is digital, numerical, or quantified. The story of how and where we got these numerals, which we so depend on, has for thousands of years been shrouded in mystery. Finding Zero is an adventure filled saga of Amir Aczel's lifelong obsession: to find the original sources of our numerals. Aczel has doggedly crisscrossed the ancient world, scouring dusty, moldy texts, cross examining so-called scholars who offered wildly differing sets of facts, and ultimately penetrating deep into a Cambodian jungle to find a definitive proof. Here, he takes the reader along for the ride. The history begins with the early Babylonian cuneiform numbers, followed by the later Greek and Roman letter numerals. Then Aczel asks the key question: where do the numbers we use today, the so-called Hindu-Arabic numerals, come from? It is this search that leads him to explore uncharted territory, to go on a grand quest into India, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, and ultimately into the wilds of Cambodia. There he is blown away to find the earliest zero—the keystone of our entire system of numbers—on a crumbling, vine-covered wall of a seventh-century temple adorned with eaten-away erotic sculptures. While on this odyssey, Aczel meets a host of fascinating characters: academics in search of truth, jungle trekkers looking for adventure, surprisingly honest politicians, shameless smugglers, and treacherous archaeological thieves—who finally reveal where our numbers come from.

The Story Of Numbers And Counting

DOWNLOAD
Author : Anita Ganeri
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 1996

The Story Of Numbers And Counting written by Anita Ganeri and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.

Presents an overview of the use of numbers, from ancient times to the present, including the development of number systems, counting methods, mathematics, and counting machines.

The Story Of Numbers

DOWNLOAD
Author : Mallik Asok Kumar
language : en
Publisher: #N/A
Release Date : 2017-07-27

The Story Of Numbers written by Mallik Asok Kumar and has been published by #N/A this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-27 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.

This book is more than a mathematics textbook. It discusses various kinds of numbers and curious interconnections between them. Without getting into hardcore and difficult mathematical technicalities, the book lucidly introduces all kinds of numbers that mathematicians have created. Interesting anecdotes involving great mathematicians and their marvelous creations are included. The reader will get a glimpse of the thought process behind the invention of new mathematics. Starting from natural numbers, the book discusses integers, real numbers, imaginary and complex numbers and some special numbers like quaternions, dual numbers and p-adic numbers. Real numbers include rational, irrational and transcendental numbers. Iterations on real numbers are shown to throw up some unexpected behavior, which has given rise to the new science of "Chaos". Special numbers like e, pi, golden ratio, Euler's constant, Gauss's constant, amongst others, are discussed in great detail. The origin of imaginary numbers and the use of complex numbers constitute the next topic. It is shown why modern mathematics cannot even be imagined without imaginary numbers. Iterations on complex numbers are shown to generate a new mathematical object called 'Fractal', which is ubiquitous in nature. Finally, some very special numbers, not mentioned in the usual textbooks, and their applications, are introduced at an elementary level. The level of mathematics discussed in this book is easily accessible to young adults interested in mathematics, high school students, and adults having some interest in basic mathematics. The book concentrates more on the story than on rigorous mathematics.

The Story Of Numbers

DOWNLOAD
Author : John McLeish
language : en
Publisher: Ballantine Books
Release Date : 1994-06-14

The Story Of Numbers written by John McLeish and has been published by Ballantine Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-06-14 with History categories.

Explores the history of mathematics, discussing the number systems of various cultures which are representative of central themes and issues, and looking at some of the individuals who are responsible for the advancement of mathematics.

The Hindu Arabic Numerals

DOWNLOAD
Author : David Eugene Smith
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2017-07-06

The Hindu Arabic Numerals written by David Eugene Smith and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-06 with categories.

PREFACE So familiar are we with the numerals that bear the misleading name of Arabic, and so extensive is their use in Europe and the Americas, that it is difficult for us to realize that their general acceptance in the transactions of commerce is a matter of only the last four centuries, and that they are unknown to a very large part of the human race to-day. It seems strange that such a labor-saving device should have struggled for nearly a thousand years after its system of place value was perfected before it replaced such crude notations as the one that the Roman conqueror made substantially universal in Europe. Such, however, is the case, and there is probably no one who has not at least some slight passing interest in the story of this struggle. To the mathematician and the student of civilization the interest is generally a deep one; to the teacher of the elements of knowledge the interest may be less marked, but nevertheless it is real; and even the business man who makes daily use of the curious symbols by which we express the numbers of commerce, cannot fail to have some appreciation for the story of the rise and progress of these tools of his trade. This story has often been told in part, but it is a long time since any effort has been made to bring together the fragmentary narrations and to set forth the general problem of the origin and development of these numerals. In this little work we have attempted to state the history of these forms in small compass, to place before the student materials for the investigation of the problems involved, and to express as clearly as possible the results of the labors of scholars who have studied the subject in different parts of the world. We have had no theory to exploit, for the history of mathematics has seen too much of this tendency already, but as far as possible we have weighed the testimony and have set forth what seem to be the reasonable conclusions from the evidence at hand. To facilitate the work of students an index has been prepared which we hope may be serviceable. In this the names of authors appear only when some use has been made of their opinions or when their works are first mentioned in full in a footnote. If this work shall show more clearly the value of our number system, and shall make the study of mathematics seem more real to the teacher and student, and shall offer material for interesting some pupil more fully in his work with numbers, the authors will feel that the considerable labor involved in its preparation has not been in vain. We desire to acknowledge our especial indebtedness to Professor Alexander Ziwet for reading all the proof, as well as for the digest of a Russian work, to Professor Clarence L. Meader for Sanskrit transliterations, and to Mr. Steven T. Byington for Arabic transliterations and the scheme of pronunciation of Oriental names, and also our indebtedness to other scholars in Oriental learning for information. DAVID EUGENE SMITH LOUIS CHARLES KARPINSKI PRONUNCIATION OF ORIENTAL NAMES I. EARLY IDEAS OF THEIR ORIGIN II. EARLY HINDU FORMS WITH NO PLACE VALUE III. LATER HINDU FORMS, WITH A PLACE VALUE IV. THE SYMBOL ZERO V. THE QUESTION OF THE INTRODUCTION OF THE NUMERALS INTO EUROPE BY BOETHIUS VI. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NUMERALS AMONG THE ARABS VII. THE DEFINITE INTRODUCTION OF THE NUMERALS INTO EUROPE VIII. THE SPREAD OF THE NUMERALS IN EUROPE INDEX CHAPTER I EARLY IDEAS OF THEIR ORIGIN It has long been recognized that the common numerals used in daily life are of comparatively recent origin. The number of systems of notation employed before the Christian era was about the same as the number of written languages, and in some cases a single language had several systems. The Egyptians, for example, had three systems of writing, with a numerical notation for each; the Greeks had two well-defined sets of numerals, and the Roman symbols for number changed more or less from century to century. Even to-day the number

How Numbers Were Invented

DOWNLOAD
Author : Rodolfo Villicana
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021-03-12

How Numbers Were Invented written by Rodolfo Villicana and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-12 with categories.

A story that aims for children to learn in a simple and fun way how our number system works. The story teaches step by step the logic that is used to create more and more numbers to make it an infinite system, and how to name so many numbers.